scholarly journals Response of Apricot Fruit Quality to Protective Netting

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Pablo Melgarejo ◽  
Pilar Legua ◽  
Rafael Martínez-Font ◽  
Juan José Martínez-Nicolás ◽  
Joaquín Sánchez Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Quality Indices

The cultivation of fruit trees in protected environments is a technique that has been developed in recent years for peaches and nectarines, but not for apricots. This study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of the fruits and their quality indices variations of the variety ‘Mikado’ as a function of its cultivation under a protective net or outdoors. As a practical agronomic assay, a homogeneous experimental plot was used in this study, where half of the apricot trees were cultivated under protective netting, and the other half without it. The data showed that for the total yield, no statistically significant differences were found with respect to ‘Mikado’ trees cultivated with or without a net. The trees cultivated under protective nets showed higher fruit weights. The results showed that the technique of using protective nets for the cultivation of extra-early apricot ‘Mikado’ is a profitable alternative for farmers, and their use does not affect fruit production or quality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of several less known pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars in the climatic conditions of Lower Silesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Sosna ◽  
Daria Kortylewska
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
Lower Silesia

The aim of this study was to evaluate flowering, yielding, fruit quality, and growth of several less known pear cultivars growing in the climatic conditions of Lower Silesia. The experiment was conducted in the years 2006–2010 in the Fruit Experimental Station located in Samotwór near Wrocław. In spring 2006, trees of several less known pear cultivars were planted: 'Isolda', 'Hortensia', 'Fertilia Delbard Delwilmor', 'Wyżnica', 'Nojabrskaja' ('Xenia®'), 'Uta', 'David' on Caucasian pear (<em>Pyru</em><em>s caucasica </em>Fed.), 'Bohemica' on quince S1 (<em>Cydoni</em><em>a oblonga </em>Mill.) as well as 'Morava' and 'Blanka' on both these rootstocks. The highest total yield in the years 2007–2010 was recorded for the 'Nojabrskaja' and 'Wyżnica' cultivars. The 'Blanka' cultivar produced the largest fruit, while fruits of the 'Isolda' cultivar were significantly the smallest. The largest growth and cross-sectional area of the trunk were recorded for the trees of the 'Wyżnica' cultivar, while the smallest were observed in the case of 'Morava', in which the thickness of the trunk was similar on both rootstocks. The 'Morava' cultivar grafted on quince S1 formed the smallest crowns. On the other hand, 'Isolda' and 'Hortensia' were among the cultivars that produced the largest crowns.

scholarly journals Production of paulista gherkin using trellis net support

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Valéria A. Modolo ◽  
Cyro Paulino da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Paulista gherkin is a new gherkin type obtained by crossing Cucumis anguria var. anguria x C. anguria var. longaculeatus. It differs from common gherkin in its fruits and leaves. Elite lines of Paulista gherkin present similar performance for total yield and fruit weight but some have distinctive characteristics, including fruit and leaf attributes. The combination of these characteristics through production of Paulista gherkin hybrids could be an alternative for fruit quality and/or yield improvement. The purpose of the present work was to compare the yield of Paulista gherkin lines and their hybrids grown on a trellis net under field conditions. Four lines and their six single-cross hybrids were evaluated for yield and fruit production using the trellised net production system. Seedlings were produced in polystyrene trays with 128 cells, and transplanted to the middle of 1.20 m wide beds. Plants were trained without pruning on netting having 0.1 x 0.1 m openings. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates and seven plants per plot. Yield was expressed as number of fruits and total weight of fruits per plot. Length, width and fruit flesh thickness were also evaluated, with five samples per plot in two harvesting times. Hybrids and their parental lines were similar in fruit yield and quality. The trellised net was suitable for Paulista gherkin production and provided adequate support to the plants. The trellis technique is suitable to make harvesting easier and to improve fruit quality.

scholarly journals Are Cover Crops Affecting the Quality and Sustainability of Fruit Production?

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
Giovanna Giacalone ◽  
Cristiana Peano ◽  
Deborah Isocrono ◽  
Francesco Sottile
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Sustainable Soil Management

The study of the interaction between fruit trees and cover crops has been addressed in numerous works over the last 50 years or more, evidencing the need to evolve from a productive orchard to an orchard that plays different ecosystem roles in terms of environmental sustainability rather than just productivity. This review, through an analysis of the scientific literature since the 1950s, highlights the development of sustainable soil management models in fruit tree orchards, mostly considering the relationship with fruit quality traits and with the ecosystem services that result from the adoption of cover crops, aiming at identifying and formulating technical recommendations in perennial orchards. Cover crop management surely improves soil features and positively influences fruit quality in perennial woody species, but also helps to develop a better habitat for beneficial insects, thus influencing pollination. A large number of scientific approaches highlight the beneficial use of a mixture of seeds in order to enhance biodiversity, aiming at improving ecosystem services for a transition towards more sustainable systems based on agroecological management.

scholarly journals Effects of Short Day Conditioning, Chilling and GA3 Treatments to Yield and Fruit Quality in Strawberry Plug Transplants Aiming Early Fruit Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Emine ÖZDEMİR ◽  
Nurettin KAŞKA ◽  
Kazim GÜNDÜZ ◽  
Sedat SERÇE
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Growing Seasons

In this study, we tested the effects of short day (SD), chilling (Ch) and gibberalic acid (GA3) treatments on the yield and fruit characteristics of ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’ plug plants under a freeze-protected greenhouse in Mediterranean conditions for two growing seasons in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. The treatments included control (ambient day length and temperature); SD (8 h days) and ambient temperature; SD + Chilling (Ch) (18/12°C day/night temperatures); SD + Ch (10°C); SD + Ch (2°C); and, GA3 (10 ppm applied to the plants in November). In each growing season, the plug plants were planted in mid-August using bag culture. Yield, fruit weight, firmness, total soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio were investigated. Considerable amounts of early yield (March and April) were recovered from ‘Sweet Charlie’; 116 and 72 g/plant in the first and second growing seasons, respectively. ‘Sweet Charlie’ also had consistently higher total yield than ‘Camarosa’ (457 vs. 400 g/plant in the 2006-2007 season and 446 vs. 406 g/plant in the 2007-2008 season). Treatment did not have a consistent effect on the fruit quality traits measured. The results indicated that although SD conditioning, Ch and GA3 treatments may have an effect on the total and early yield of strawberries, these effects may be cultivar-dependent and further regulated by environmental factors. Therefore, we propose that low-chilling varieties be utilized for early fruit production that can initiate flower buds in warmer, longer days.

scholarly journals Effect of mulching systems on fruit quality and phytochemical composition of newly developed strawberry lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Fan ◽  
Valentine Roux ◽  
Claudine Dubé ◽  
Dennis Charlebois ◽  
Shutian Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Solids Content

The effects of three mulching systems on total yield, average yield per plant, average fruit weight, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), firmness and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of two newly developed lines (‘Orléans’ and ‘Saint Pierre’), one advanced selection (‘SJ8976-1’) and two commonly used cultivars (‘Jewel’ and ‘Kent’) were evaluated. The studied mulching systems were: plastic mulch (PM), mulch with row cover (PMRC), and matted-row system (MRS). Results showed that plastic mulch with row cover (PMRC) generally increased yield per plant, average fruit weight, SSC, firmness and ORAC, but differences varied within harvest times. No significant differences in total yield and TA were observed under the selected mulching systems. Both PMRC and PM accelerated the harvest periods compared to MRS. ‘Kent’ and ‘Jewel’ had the highest total yield while ‘SJ8976-1’ and ‘St-Pierre’ had the highest average fruit weight. The highest SSC, TA and ORAC were found in ‘Jewel’. There was no interaction between the mulching systems and genotypes, indicating that the effect of production system is independent of cultivars. PMRC seems to be a better growing system, improving fruit quality and increasing the nutritional value of all genotypes. By allowing off-season fruit production in cool climates, PMRC can be an alternative method to the costly high tunnels.

scholarly journals Biofoam of Spittlebug, Poophilus costalis (Walker): Preferential Sites, Temperature Regulation, Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Kitherian Sahayaraj ◽  
Balakrishnan Saranya ◽  
Samy Sayed ◽  
Loko Yêyinou Laura Estelle ◽  
Koilraj Madasamy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
College Campus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

The foam produced by nymphs of Poophilus costalis on eleven different host plants belonging to eight families on St. Xavier’s College campus in India was studied over five months. The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of these biofoams were investigated. The results revealed that P. costalis preferred Theporsia purpurea and Mimosa pudica for laying their eggs and producing foam, over the other tested plants. P. costalis produce their foam on either nodes or internodes on monocotyledons (30%) (p < 0.05), whereas on dicotyledons, they produce more foam on the stems (63.8%) than on the leaves (6.2%) (p < 0.01). The number of nymphs in each piece of foam from P. costalis varied from 1 to 3 (mean = 1.8 per plant). They produced their foam (5.7 to 45.2 cm) from the ground level on a plant. The length and breadth of a piece of foam ranged from 1.0 to 3.9 cm and 0.6 to 4.7 cm, respectively. The foam tended to be cooler than the environment. Qualitative profiling showed that the foam consists of carbohydrates, including maltose; trypsin; amino acids; protease. The foam was also analyzed using a spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antimicrobial activity of the biofoam was the greatest against Staphylococcus aureus, the growth of which was reduced by 55.9 ± 3.9%, suggesting that the foam could be used as an antimicrobial product. However, no activities were observed against Fusarium oxysporum and Candida albicans.

scholarly journals Seasonal occurrence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in southern Syria

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mansour ◽  
Fater Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata, were investigated between 1999 and 2001 at several locations representing fruit production areas in the southern part of Syria (Damascus Ghota, Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab). Medfly adults were monitored weekly all year around using Jackson traps baited with trimedlure dispensers. Larvae were also sampled in Damascus Ghota by collecting fruits from ripe or ripening fruit trees and recording the number of larvae emerged from these fruits. In addition, suspected overwintering refuges were sampled at weekly intervals during the three coldest months of the year (December – February) and the number of collected larvae was recorded. The results of trap catches and fruit sampling studies showed a similar pattern of occurrence of medfly populations in the study areas, particularly in Damascus Ghota, during the three years of the study. In Damascus Ghota, flies were caught continuously from early June to late December with some variability between years. Two distinct periods of high fly activity were observed: the first one occurred in August and the second in November with a much higher amplitude. In general, seasonal fluctuations in the pattern of occurrence were influenced by differences in temperature and abundance of preferred host fruits. Traps on fig Ficus carica and oriental persimmon Diospyros kaki trees caught the highest numbers of flies, and fruits collected from these trees showed the highest level of infestation, reaching 100% for fig fruit late in the season. Sampling fruits (in Damascus Ghota) from trees during the three coldest months of the year showed that a small population of medfly larvae was able to survive winter conditions in prickly pear Opuntia vulgaris fruit left on the trees. In the other areas of the study (Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab), only a few flies were caught.

scholarly journals The effect of using grafted seedlings on the yield and quality of tomatoes grown in greenhouses 

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Soare ◽  
Maria Dinu ◽  
Cristina Babeanu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Production Characteristics

This study was aimed at observing the effect of the grafting of tomato plants on morphological (vegetative growth), production and nutritive characteristics (quantity and quality of production). For this purpose, the ‘Lorely F1’ cultivar was used as a scion grafted onto the ‘Beaufort’ rootstock. Plants were cultivated with a stem and two stems. The observations collected in this study were concerned with the characteristics of plant growth. The studied morphological characteristics were plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves, and the studied production characteristics were the characteristics of fructification and productivity (the average number of fruit per plant, the average weight of the fruit, production per plant). Particular attention was paid to the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, to the fruit quality (total soluble solids, total sugar, acidity, vitamin C, antioxidant activity (by the Trolox method) and the contents of lycopene and beta-carotene). The results showed that grafting positively influenced the growth and production characteristics. Grafting of tomato plants had an appreciable effect on the vegetative growth of the variant 2-grafted tomatoes with a stem. The best option in terms of productivity and production was the variant 3-grafted tomatoes with two stems, which yielded 9.2 kg per plant. Fruit quality was not improved in any of the grafted variants. 

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MINERAL NUTRITION ON YIELDS AND FRUIT QUALITY IN GRAPEVINE, PEAR AND APPLE

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1089-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO BRUNETTO ◽  
GEORGE WELLINGTON BASTOS DE MELO ◽  
MORENO TOSELLI ◽  
MAURIZIO QUARTIERI ◽  
MASSIMO TAGLIAVINI
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Soluble Solid

ABSTRACT Fertilization of temperate fruit trees, such as grapevine ( Vitis spp.), apple ( Malus domestica), and pear ( Pyrus communis) is an important tool to achive maximum yield and fruit quality. Fertilizers are provided when soil fertility does not allow trees to express their genetic potential, and time and rate of application should be scheduled to promote fruit quality. Grapevine berries, must and wine quality are affected principally by N, that regulate the synthesis of some important compounds, such as anthocyanins, which are responsible for coloring of the must and the wine. Fermenation of the must may stop in grapes with low concentration of N because N is requested in high amount by yeasts. An N excess may increase the pulp to peel ratio, diluting the concentration of anthocyanins and promoting the migration of anthocyanins from berries to the growing plant organs; a decrease of grape juice soluble solid concentration is also expected because of an increase in vegetative growth. Potassium is also important for wine quality contributing to adequate berry maturation, concentration of sugars, synthesis of phenols and the regulation of pH and acidity. In apple and pear, Ca and K are important for fruit quality and storage. Potassium is the most important component of fruit, however, any excess should be avoided and an adequate K:Ca balance should be achieved. Adequate concentration of Ca in the fruit prevents pre- and post-harvest fruit disorders and, at the same time, increases tolerance to pathogens. Although N promotes adequate growth soil N availability should be monitored to avoid excessive N uptake that may decrease fruit skin color and storability.

scholarly journals Alcobaça allele and genotypic backgrounds affect yield and fruit shelf life of tomato hybrids

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Túlio José Mendes Dias ◽  
Wilson Roberto Maluf ◽  
Marcos Ventura Faria ◽  
Joelson André de Freitas ◽  
Luiz Antonio Augusto Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
Commercial Yield

Post-harvest shelf life of tomato fruit may be increased by deploying mutant alleles which affect the natural ripening process and/or by a favorable genotypic background. Among the several ripening mutant genes, alcobaça (alc) has proved to be highly efficient in increasing shelf life of commercial tomato fruits, especially in heterozygosis, a state at which no limiting deleterious effects upon fruit color occur. The effects of heterozygosity in the alcobaça locus (alc+/alc) on yield and fruit quality traits of tomato hybrids with three genotypic backgrounds. We evaluated three pairs of hybrids obtained from crosses between the near-isogenic pollen source lines Flora-Dade (alc+/alc+) and TOM-559 (alc/alc), and three maternal lines (Stevens, NC-8276 and Piedmont). The six treatments were factorial combinations of two different status in the alc locus (alc+/alc and alc+/alc+) versus three different genotypic backgrounds (maternal lines). Fruits were harvested at the breaker stage of maturation and stored in shelves at 21ºC for 14 days. Yield and fruit quality traits were then evaluated. Regardless of the background, the alc allele in heterozygosis (alc+/alc) did not interfere with the total yield, commercial yield, average mass per fruit, average mass per commercial fruit, fruit shape, or with fruit peduncular scar diameter. The alc+/alc genotype reduced the rate of firmness loss and delayed evolution of the red color of the fruit, thus contributing to an increase of the post-harvest shelf life for all three genotypic backgrounds.

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