scholarly journals Mycorrhizal Inoculation Improves Plant Growth and Yield of Micropropagated Early Globe Artichoke under Field Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Gaetano Pandino ◽  
Sara Lombardo ◽  
Lo Monaco Antonino ◽  
Claudia Ruta ◽  
Giovanni Mauromicale
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
Growing Seasons

The micropropagation appears to be a valid alternative method for the production of large-scale, phenotypically homogeneous, and disease-free plants, particularly for spring globe artichoke genotypes. Nevertheless, micropropagated plants have some problems during the acclimatization in field environments. The inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi appeared to overcome the transplanting stress. Therefore, a comparison was drawn between the field performances of different vegetative propagation techniques (micropropagated/mycorrhized and offshoots cultivation) of early globe artichoke clones over two growing seasons. The micropropagation/mycorrhization appeared to deliver a better field performance in terms of both plant growth and productivity traits as compared with offshoots cultivated. In particular, the micropopagated/mycorrhized plants exhibited the highest vegetative growth values than the offshoots of the cultivated ones, such as the plant height and the main floral stem length. The micropopagated/mycorrhized plants were also more productive, exceeding the head yield of offshoots cultivated ones by about 63%. However, the micropopagated/mycorrhized plants accumulated almost a month late on the first harvest respect to offshoots cultivated ones. Our data also showed that the effects of the new proposed propagation method were genotype- and season-dependent. Accordingly, some plant growth and productivity traits showed significant ‘propagation method × genotype’ and ‘propagation method × growing season’ interaction. This study revealed that the micropropagation, as well as the mycorrhization, could represent an efficient and sustainable cropping system to reintroduce and increase the productivity of autochthons landraces.

Evaluation of commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Faye ◽  
Y. Dalpé ◽  
K. Ndung'u-Magiroi ◽  
J. Jefwa ◽  
I. Ndoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Soil Inoculum ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Zea May ◽  
Pot Culture

Faye, A., Dalpé, Y., Ndung'u-Magiroi, K., Jefwa, J., Ndoye, I., Diouf, M. and Lesueur, D. 2013. Evaluation of commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1201–1208. In order to improve the use of commercial inoculants, 12 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculants were evaluated in a two-step experiment under greenhouse conditions using maize. First, commercial mycorrhizal inoculants were propagated in a trap pot culture experiment under sterilized sand to evaluate their potential for maize (Zea may L.) root colonization as compared with an indigenous soil inoculum and to survey the AMF species present in the products. Three inoculants significantly increased root colonization levels compared with a soil inoculum. Instead of 12 declared AMF species, 13 fungal strains were extracted from the pot culture survey, including five undeclared species, while four declared species did not produce spores. In a second experiment, commercial products were inoculated into soil to assess their impact on maize growth and yield. Six weeks after planting, seven inoculants increased root colonization levels compared with control soil, while only three inoculants increased slightly the shoot biomass of maize plants. These experiments highlight the need to pre-evaluate commercial mycorrhizal inoculants on a selected crop and regional soil before launching large-scale field use.

scholarly journals Amelioration of water deficiency stress in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 11987
Author(s):  
Sara SANAYEI ◽  
Morteza BARMAKI ◽  
Ali EBADI ◽  
Mousa TORABI-GIGLOU
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Belowground interactions between plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs), and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can improve growth and yield under abiotic stress conditions. A pot factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted to investigate the effects of AMFs (without inoculation as control, inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae and Funneliformis intraradices) and PGPRs (without inoculation as control Pseudomonas fluorescens p-169 inoculation) on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) grown under water deficiency stress (WDS) [90% (I1), 75% (I2), 50% (I3), and 25% (I4) of field capacity as well-watered, mild, moderate, and severe stress, respectively]. The results showed that by applying WDS, the plant growth properties such as root and sepals’ dry weight, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, chlorophyll a, b, and total, carotenoids, and leaf water content was significantly reduced. The application of AMFs and PGPR under WDS conditions increased 1000-seed weight, seed yield. In response to WDS osmotic adjustment were provided in Roselle and under stress conditions. The highest seed yield was found under well-watered treatment by inoculation of F. mosseae without PGPR and the application of Pseudomonas fluorescens (6.37 and 6.51 g/plant, respectively). These results suggesting the antagonistic effects of AMFs and PGPR. AMFs inoculation under severe stress increased sepals dry weight compared to the non-inoculation. In conclusion, increased activity of enzymatic antioxidants and higher production of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, as well as photosynthetic pigments in symbiotic association with AMFs, can alleviate reactive oxygen species damage resulting in increased growth and yield parameters and improve water stress tolerance.

scholarly journals Co-Inoculation of an Endophytic and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Improve Growth and Yield of Helianthus tuberosus L. under Field Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 976
Author(s):  
Saranya Khaekhum ◽  
Jindarat Ekprasert ◽  
Thanapat Suebrasri ◽  
Wasan Seemakram ◽  
Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Endophytic fungi (EPF) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbioses can promote the growth and productivity of several types of plants. This work aimed to investigate the effect of co-inoculation of an EPF Exserohilum rostratum NMS1.5 and an AMF Glomus etunicatum UDCN52867 g.5 on the growth and yields of sunchoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) compared to the effects of full–dose and half–dose chemical fertilizer (15–15–15) under field conditions. Several plant growth parameters of the co–inoculated plants were significantly higher than the other treatments. Remarkably, such an effect was relatively equal to that of the full–dose chemical fertilizers. Moreover, the co-inoculation of EPF and AMF significantly improved the tuber yield production, even better than the use of a chemical fertilizer. This is the first report to show that plant growth promoting effects of the co–inoculation of EPF and AMF were exceptionally greater than those of the chemical fertilizer. Therefore, our EPF and AMF could potentially be used as a biofertilizer for promoting the growth and yield of sunchoke in the fields.

scholarly journals The Role of Mycorrhizae on Seedlings and Early Growth of Sugarcane

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wawan Sulistiono ◽  
Taryono
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Application Techniques

The role of mycorrhizae in plant growth is well known, such as the ability to increase nutrient uptake, especially phosphate (P), drought tolerance, and resistance to pathogens. It is necessary to understand the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal technology in industrial plant production systems and their impact on agriculture systems. Large-scale nurseries of plantations require proper mycorrhizal application techniques. The relationship of mycorrhizal infection with plant yield (biomass) is known and in the next step, appropriate application time is needed to increase the effectiveness of mycorrhizae in plant growth and yield. Application of mycorrhizal inoculum was more effective in increasing the biomass of sugarcane stem weight to reach 61% with an increase in infection of 41.3%. In addition, the mycorrhizal application increases the root growth of sugarcane seedlings. The root growth promoting ability is important to increase the initial growth of plants after transplanting in dry land under the influence of drought stress, limited nutrients. The application of this technology is expected to increase plant growth, facilitate the maintenance and efficiency of cultivation on an industrial scale.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms in Coffee Production: From Isolation to Field Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Narcisa Urgiles-Gómez ◽  
María Eugenia Avila-Salem ◽  
Paúl Loján ◽  
Max Encalada ◽  
Leslye Hurtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Coffee Agroforestry ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Coffee is an important, high-value crop because its roasted beans are used to produce popular beverages that are consumed worldwide. Coffee plantations exist in over 70 countries and constitute the main economic activity of approximately 125 million people. Currently, there is global concern regarding the excessive use of agrochemicals and pesticides in agriculture, including coffee crops. This situation has motivated researchers, administrators, and farmers to seek ecologically friendly alternatives to decrease the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. In the last decades, multiple studies of the rhizosphere, at the chemical, physical and biological levels, have improved our understanding of the importance of beneficial microorganisms to plant health and growth. This review aims to summarize the state of the use of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) in coffee production, where the most extensively studied microorganisms are beneficial plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This review also contains information on PGPM, in regard to plantations at different latitudes, isolation techniques, mass multiplication, formulation methods, and the application of PGPM in nurseries, monoculture, and coffee agroforestry systems. Finally, this review focuses on relevant research performed during the last decade that can help us improve sustainable coffee production.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical responses of soybean plants inoculated with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Bradyrhizobium under drought stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Sheteiwy ◽  
Dina Fathi Ismail Ali ◽  
You-Cai Xiong ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Reverse Trend ◽  
Soybean Plants

Abstract Background The present study aims to study the effects of biofertilizers potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Bradyrhizobium japonicum (B. japonicum) strains on yield and growth of drought stressed soybean (Giza 111) plants at early pod stage (50 days from sowing, R3) and seed development stage (90 days from sowing, R5). Results Highest plant biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, nodulation, and grain yield were observed in the unstressed plants as compared with water stressed-plants at R3 and R5 stages. At soil rhizosphere level, AMF and B. japonicum treatments improved bacterial counts and the activities of the enzymes (dehydrogenase and phosphatase) under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Irrespective of the drought effects, AMF and B. japonicum treatments improved the growth and yield of soybean under both drought (restrained irrigation) and adequately-watered conditions as compared with untreated plants. The current study revealed that AMF and B. japonicum improved catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in the seeds, and a reverse trend was observed in case of malonaldehyde (MDA) and proline under drought stress. The relative expression of the CAT and POD genes was up-regulated by the application of biofertilizers treatments under drought stress condition. Interestingly a reverse trend was observed in the case of the relative expression of the genes involved in the proline metabolism such as P5CS, P5CR, PDH, and P5CDH under the same conditions. The present study suggests that biofertilizers diminished the inhibitory effect of drought stress on cell development and resulted in a shorter time for DNA accumulation and the cycle of cell division. There were notable changes in the activities of enzymes involved in the secondary metabolism and expression levels of GmSPS1, GmSuSy, and GmC-INV in the plants treated with biofertilizers and exposed to the drought stress at both R3 and R5 stages. These changes in the activities of secondary metabolism and their transcriptional levels caused by biofertilizers may contribute to increasing soybean tolerance to drought stress. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that application of biofertilizers to soybean plants is a promising approach to alleviate drought stress effects on growth performance of soybean plants. The integrated application of biofertilizers may help to obtain improved resilience of the agro ecosystems to adverse impacts of climate change and help to improve soil fertility and plant growth under drought stress.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Approach on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Efficiency on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Murugesan Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts of higher plants which increase the growth and nutrient uptake of host plants. The primary objective was initiated based on analyzing the enormity of optimal effects upon AMF inoculation in a comparative bias between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants stipulated on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Consequently, in accomplishing the above-mentioned objective a vast literature was collected, analyzed, and evaluated to establish a weighted meta-analysis irrespective of AMF species, plant species, family and functional group, and experimental conditions in the context of beneficial effects of AMF. I found a significant increase in the shoot, root, and total biomass by 36.3%, 28.5%, and, 29.7%, respectively. Moreover, mycorrhizal plants significantly increased phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium uptake by 36.3%, 22.1%, and 18.5%, respectively. Affirmatively upon cross-verification studies, plant growth parameters intensification was accredited to AMF (Rhizophagus fasciculatus followed by Funniliforme mosseae), plants (Triticum aestivum followed by Solanum lycopersicum), and plant functional groups (dicot, herbs, and perennial) were the additional vital important significant predictor variables of plant growth responses. Therefore, the meta-analysis concluded that the emancipated prominent root characteristics, increased morphological traits that eventually help the host plants for efficient phosphorus uptake, thereby enhancing plant biomass. The present analysis can be rationalized for any plant stress and assessment of any microbial agent that contributes to plant growth promotion.

scholarly journals Effects of selenium (Se) application and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AMF) inoculation on soybean (Glycine max) and forage grass (Urochloa decumbens) development in oxisol

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Marx Bamberg ◽  
Silvio Junio Ramos ◽  
Marco Aurelio Carbone Carneiro ◽  
José Oswaldo Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Forage Grass ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Fertilizer application can enhance the nutritional value of plants, such effects being influenced by the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Nutrients × AMF interactions are well-known for variety of elements but very little has been addressed on biofortification of selenium (Se) in plants grown in tropical soils. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Se application and AMF inoculation on growth and micronutrient contents on soybean plants as forage grass. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized factorial design with five Se doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg kg-1 for soybean plants, and 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 6.0 mg kg-1 for forage plants), with and without AMF inoculation in three replicates. The results showed that soil Se had only slight effect on soybean growth but it caused a two-fold increase on grain yield. However, the growth of forage grass was enhanced by Se application when AMF was present. The AMF inoculation reduced benefit for soybean growth and yield but marked positive effect on forage grass at high doses of Se. Selenium contents in both plants were increased by its application in soil, being such effect proportional to soil applied doses. Selenium application and AMF inoculation had marked effects on micronutrients contents in both soybean plants and forage grass and they may contribute to Se and micronutrient biofortification.

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