scholarly journals Comparison between Different Rotary Mowing Systems: Testing a New Method to Calculate Turfgrass Mowing Quality

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Michel Pirchio ◽  
Marco Fontanelli ◽  
Fabio Labanca ◽  
Christian Frasconi ◽  
Luisa Martelloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
New Method ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Full Throttle ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Poor quality in turfgrass mowing is highlighted by the shredded leaf tips with necrotic tissues that give an unsightly brownish colour to the turf and may also lead to turf disease. Mowing quality is also typically assessed by visual rating, thus the score depends on the person doing the assessment. To make the evaluation of mowing quality not subjective, an innovative method was developed. The aim of the trial was to examine the effects of different mowing systems and two different nitrogen rates (100 and 200 kg ha−1) on two turfgrass species in order to test the new mowing quality calculation. Three different mowing systems were used: a battery-powered rotary mower set at 3000 rpm and 5000 rpm respectively and a gasoline-powered rotary mower set at full throttle. The battery-powered mower at low blade rpm produced a poorer mowing quality and turf quality than the gasoline-powered mower and battery-powered mower at high rpm, which produced a similar mowing quality and turf quality. Leaf tip damage level values showed a significant correlation with the results of the visual mowing quality assessment. Lower leaf tip damage level values (slightly above 1) corresponded to higher visual mowing quality scores (around 8).

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of 3D Synthesized Images Based on Textural and Structural Distortion Estimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2666
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Usama Hassan Alvi ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Farid ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Khan ◽  
Marcin Grzegorzek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Depth Image ◽  
Depth Maps ◽  
Structural Distortions ◽  
Image Quality Metric ◽  
Technological Constraints

Emerging 3D-related technologies such as augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, and stereoscopy have gained remarkable growth due to their numerous applications in the entertainment, gaming, and electromedical industries. In particular, the 3D television (3DTV) and free-viewpoint television (FTV) enhance viewers’ television experience by providing immersion. They need an infinite number of views to provide a full parallax to the viewer, which is not practical due to various financial and technological constraints. Therefore, novel 3D views are generated from a set of available views and their depth maps using depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) techniques. The quality of a DIBR-synthesized image may be compromised for several reasons, e.g., inaccurate depth estimation. Since depth is important in this application, inaccuracies in depth maps lead to different textural and structural distortions that degrade the quality of the generated image and result in a poor quality of experience (QoE). Therefore, quality assessment DIBR-generated images are essential to guarantee an appreciative QoE. This paper aims at estimating the quality of DIBR-synthesized images and proposes a novel 3D objective image quality metric. The proposed algorithm aims to measure both textural and structural distortions in the DIBR image by exploiting the contrast sensitivity and the Hausdorff distance, respectively. The two measures are combined to estimate an overall quality score. The experimental evaluations performed on the benchmark MCL-3D dataset show that the proposed metric is reliable and accurate, and performs better than existing 2D and 3D quality assessment metrics.

scholarly journals Innovative Method for Calculating the Break-Even for Multi-Assortment Production

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4213
Author(s):  
Dariusz Fuksa
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mines ◽  
New Method ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Health ◽  
Production Plans ◽  
A Company ◽  
A Current

The subject of the article is a new method that I have developed for calculating a multi-asset break-even for multi-assortment production, extended by a percentage threshold and a current sales ratio (which was missing in previously published methods). The percentage threshold provides unambiguous information about the economic health of a company. As a result, it became possible to use it in practice to evaluate the activities of economic entities (mines) and to perform modelling and optimisation of production plans based on different variants of customer demand scenarios. The publication addresses the complexity of the problem of determining the break-even in multi-assortment production. Moreover, it discusses the practical limitations of previous methods and demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed method on the example of hard coal mines.

scholarly journals Energetic Aspects of Turfgrass Mowing: Comparison of Different Rotary Mowing Systems

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Michel Pirchio ◽  
Marco Fontanelli ◽  
Fabio Labanca ◽  
Mino Sportelli ◽  
Christian Frasconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Full Throttle ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Primary Energy Requirement

Turfgrass mowing is one of the most important operations concerning turfgrass maintenance. Over time, different mowing machines have been developed, such as reel mowers, rotary mowers, and flail mowers. Rotary mowers have become the most widespread mowers for their great versatility and easy maintenance. Modern rotary mowers can be equipped with battery-powered electric motors and precise settings, such as blade rpm. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the differences in power consumption of a gasoline-powered rotary mower and a battery-powered rotary mower. Each mower worked on two different turfgrass species (bermudagrass and tall fescue) fertilized with two different nitrogen rates (100 and 200 kg ha−1). The battery-powered mower was set at its lowest and highest blade rpm value, while the gasoline-powered mower was set at full throttle. From the data acquired, it was possible to see that the gasoline-powered mower had a much higher primary energy requirement, independent of the turf species. Moreover, comparing the electricity consumption of the battery-powered mower over time, it was possible to see that the power consumption varied according to the growth rate of both turf species. These results show that there is a partial waste of energy when using a gasoline-powered mower compared to a battery-powered mower.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Quality Assessment of Optimal Assignment for Data Association in a Multitarget Tracking Context

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
J. Dezert ◽  
A. Tchamova ◽  
P. Konstantinova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Data Association ◽  
New Method ◽  
Multitarget Tracking ◽  
Belief Functions ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Optimal Assignment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to apply and to test the performance of a new method, based on belief functions, proposed by Dezert et al. in order to evaluate the quality of the individual association pairings provided in the optimal data association solution for improving the performances of multisensor-multitarget tracking systems. The advantages of its implementation in an illustrative realistic surveillance context, when some of the association decisions are unreliable and doubtful and lead to potentially critical mistake, are discussed. A comparison with the results obtained on the base of Generalized Data Association is made.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of single-cell RNA sequencing data by coverage skewness analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad Abugessaisa ◽  
Shuhei Noguchi ◽  
Melissa Cardon ◽  
Akira Hasegawa ◽  
Kazuhide Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Gene Coverage ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAnalysis and interpretation of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) experiments are compromised by the presence of poor quality cells. For meaningful analyses, such poor quality cells should be excluded to avoid biases and large variation. However, no clear guidelines exist. We introduce SkewC, a novel quality-assessment method to identify poor quality single-cells in scRNA-seq experiments. The method is based on the assessment of gene coverage for each single cell and its skewness as a quality measure. To validate the method, we investigated the impact of poor quality cells on downstream analyses and compared biological differences between typical and poor quality cells. Moreover, we measured the ratio of intergenic expression, suggesting genomic contamination, and foreign organism contamination of single-cell samples. SkewC is tested in 37,993 single-cells generated by 15 scRNA-seq protocols. We envision SkewC as an indispensable QC method to be incorporated into scRNA-seq experiment to preclude the possibility of scRNA-seq data misinterpretation.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of nutrition coverage in the media: a 6-week survey of five popular UK newspapers

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e014633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice R Kininmonth ◽  
Nafeesa Jamil ◽  
Nasser Almatrouk ◽  
Charlotte E L Evans
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcome ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Food Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Article Quality

ObjectivesTo investigate the quality of nutrition articles in popular national daily newspapers in the UK and to identify important predictors of article quality.SettingNewspapers are a primary source of nutrition information for the public.DesignNewspaper articles were collected on 6 days of the week (excluding Sunday) for 6 weeks in summer 2014. Predictors included food type and health outcome, size of article, whether the journalist was named and day of the week.Outcome measuresA validated quality assessment tool was used to assess each article, with a minimum possible score of −12 and a maximum score of 17. Newspapers were checked in duplicate for relevant articles. The association of each predictor on article quality score was analysed adjusting for remaining predictors. A logistic regression model was implemented with quality score as the binary outcome, categorised as poor (score less than zero) or satisfactory (score of zero or more).ResultsOver 6 weeks, 141 nutrition articles were included across the five newspapers. The median quality score was 2 (IQR −2–6), and 44 (31%) articles were poor quality. There was no substantial variation in quality of reporting between newspapers once other factors such as anonymous publishing, health outcome, aspect of diet covered and day of the week were taken into account. Particularly low-quality scores were obtained for anonymously published articles with no named journalist, articles that focused on obesity and articles that reported on high fat and processed foods.ConclusionsThe general public are regularly exposed to poor quality information in newspapers about what to eat to promote health, particularly articles reporting on obesity. Journalists, researchers, university press officers and scientific journals need to work together more closely to ensure clear, consistent nutrition messages are communicated to the public in an engaging way.

SAMPLING SYSTEMS FOR THE BIRCH CASEBEARER (LEPIDOPTERA: COLEOPHORIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 875-882
Author(s):  
A. G. Raske ◽  
M. Alvo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
New Method ◽  
Betula Papyrifera ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Sampling Systems ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Technique

AbstractSample sizes needed to measure population levels of the birch casebearer, Coleophora fuscedinella Zeller, and its damage to white birch, Betula papyrifera Marsh, were calculated for various degrees of confidence and assurance. Both a non-destructive and a destructive sampling plan are presented and a new method to classify the damage level of a stand. This method uses a maximum likelihood technique to estimate the proportion of trees of various damage classes.

Improving the Quality Assessment band in Landsat cloud images for the application of cloud removal  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boli Yang ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
Ruyin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
New Method ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Cloud Detection ◽  
Cloud Removal ◽  
Ultimate Objective

<p>Cloud contamination is a serious obstacle for the application of Landsat data. Thick clouds can completely block land surface information and lead to missing values. The reconstruction of missing values in a Landsat cloud image requires the cloud and cloud shadow mask. In this study, we raised the issue that the quality of the quality assessment (QA) band in current Landsat products cannot meet the requirement of thick-cloud removal. To address this issue, we developed a new method (called Auto-PCP) to preprocess the original QA band, with the ultimate objective to improve the performance of cloud removal on Landsat cloud images. We tested the new method at four test sites and compared cloud-removed images generated by using three different QA bands, including the original QA band, the modified QA band by a dilation of two pixels around cloud and cloud shadow edges, and the QA band processed by Auto-PCP (“QA_Auto-PCP”). Experimental results, from both actual and simulated Landsat cloud images, show that QA_Auto-PCP achieved the best visual assessment for the cloud-removed images, and had the smallest RMSE values and the largest Structure SIMilarity index (SSIM) values. The improvement for the performance of cloud removal by QA_Auto-PCP is because the new method substantially decreases omission errors of clouds and shadows in the original QA band, but meanwhile does not increase commission errors. Moreover, Auto-PCP is easy to implement and uses the same data as cloud removal without additional image collections. We expect that Auto-PCP can further popularize cloud removal and advance the application of Landsat data.     </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Cloud detection, Cloud shadows, Cloud simulation, Cloud removal, MODTRAN</p>

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