scholarly journals Study of Allelopathic Interaction of Essential Oils from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lettuce

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Mirmostafaee ◽  
Majid Azizi ◽  
Yoshiharu Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Hypocotyl Growth ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Interaction

Medicinal and aromatic plants have the ability to transmit volatile allelochemicals and affect their surrounding organisms. In this regard, their interaction should also be considered. The inhibitory effects of 112 essential oils on lettuce seed and seedling were investigated by cotton swab method. Germination (G%), Mean germination time (MGT), Lethal of embryo (L%), dormancy (D%), radicle growth (R%), and hypocotyl growth (H%) were measured. Two methods were used for evaluating allelopathic interaction effects: the simplified modified dilution check-board technique (SMCT) and the isobologram. Thymus daenensis had the highest inhibitory effect on G% (IC50 = 2.9 ppm) and the most lethal effect on the embryo (LC50 = 7.2 ppm). Thymus transcaspicus, Dracocephalum moldavica, Artemisia sieberi and Amomum subulatum had the greatest effect on MGT. Ziziphora tenuior, Trachyspermum ammi and Pelargonium graveolens had the highest effect on D%. Origanum vulgare was the strongest growth inhibitor. The highest synergistic effect on G% was in A. subulatum + Mentha suaveolens, on H% was related to Perovskia abrotanoides + T. daenensis, and on R% was observed in Artemisia vulgaris + M. suaveolens. The results of this study can lead to identification of new phytotoxic compounds in EOs and control weeds more effectively.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Mentha piperita and Carum carvi essential oils

2017 ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Plavsic ◽  
Gordana Dimic ◽  
Djordje Psodorov ◽  
Dragan Psodorov ◽  
Ljubisa Saric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum

Aromatic plants are one of the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, which possess various antimicrobial characteristics. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of antifungal activities of mint and caraway essential oils against the selected fungi. Eight species of molds were selected for antifungal testing: Alternaria alternata, Aspegillus flavus, A. niger, A. versicolor, Eurotium herbariorum, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, P. chrysogenum and P. expansum. Testing of essential oils antifungal activity against the selected species was conducted using the disc diffusion method by adding mint and caraway essential oils (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ?l per disc). Antifungal activity of essential oils was expressed by the diameter of inhibition zone (mm). The most powerful effect of mint essential oil was recorded against E. herbariorum, as its growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 5 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against P. chrysogenum (inhibition zone 13.67 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l. The most powerful antifungal activity of caraway was observed against E. herbariorum as growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 10 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against A. niger (inhibition zone 28 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l.

scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS IN LIVESTOCK AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO FEED ANTIBIOTICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
P. N. Miroshnikov ◽  
K. V. Zhuchaev
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Bactericidal Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Different Doses

The applying of antibiotics in animal husbandry leads to the spread of antimicrobial resistant pathogens among domestic animals, which are subsequently transmitted to humans through the food chain. The analysis of literature data on the results of the study of phytochemicals of plant origin in the form of essential oils of medicinal and aromatic plants as one of the possible alternatives to feed antibiotics is presented. Such additives should reduce the incidence of animals by inhibiting pathogenic microflora, provide the animal with a larger amount of energy and nutrients by reducing the bacterial load in the intestine, reduce internal inflammatory processes by improving the immune system, and should be economically beneficial. A review of scientific studies showed that essential oils do have bactericidal properties, but their effect on the productive performance of animals still requires further research. Differences in animal productivity when using essential oils may be due to researchers using different doses, different test conditions (especially climatic conditions), and possible synergistic and antagonistic properties of essential oils with other feed substances. 

scholarly journals Effect of plant essential oils on mortality of the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci)

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zouhar ◽  
O. Douda ◽  
D. Lhotský ◽  
R. Pavela
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Nematode Management ◽  
Origanum Compactum ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci

The aim of this study was to assess the nematicidal activity of different essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants for use in nematode management. Essential oils of <I>Eugenia caryophyllata, Origanum compactum, Origanum vulgare, Thymus matschiana</I> and <I>Thymus vulgaris</I> showed nematicidal activity against <I>Ditylenchus dipsaci.</I>

scholarly journals Plant Growth Inhibitory Activities and Volatile Active Compounds of 53 Spices and Herbs

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Sekine ◽  
Kwame Sarpong Appiah ◽  
Majid Azizi ◽  
Yoshiharu Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Hypocotyl Growth ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

The inhibitory activities of the leachates and volatiles from 53 plant species (spices and herbs) were evaluated against lettuce (Lactuca sativa “Great Lakes 366”) seedling growth using the sandwich and dish pack methods, respectively. With the sandwich method, parsley (Petroselinum sativum) showed the strongest inhibitory effect on lettuce radicle growth (77%), followed by tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) (72%). However, caraway (Carum carvi), dill (Anethum graveolens) (seed), laurel (Laurus nobilis), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), and sage (Salvia officinalis) were the most inhibitory species (100% inhibition of lettuce radicle and hypocotyl growth inhibition at all distance wells) in the dish pack method. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) also showed strong inhibitory activity (100% for radicle and hypocotyl growth inhibition at all 41 and 58 mm distance wells). The headspace sampling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified the main inhibitory active compounds as carvone in caraway and dill (seeds), 1,8-cineole in laurel and cardamom, and borneol in thyme. Both camphor and 1,8-cineole were detected in rosemary and sage, and the total activity evaluation showed that camphor was the major inhibitory compound in rosemary, although both compounds played equal roles in sage.

scholarly journals Caffeine: The Allelochemical Responsible for the Plant Growth Inhibitory Activity of Vietnamese Tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze)

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Thi Thanh PHAM ◽  
Tamer ISMAIL ◽  
Maryia MISHYNA ◽  
Kwame Sarpong APPIAH ◽  
Yosei OIKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hypocotyl Growth ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity

The present study aimed to examine the phytotoxic potential of seven Vietnamese tea samples based on the specific and total activity of caffeine and tea extracts on test plants. The sandwich method results indicated that the inhibitory effect of tea samples on the radicle and hypocotyl growth of lettuce seedlings was dependent on the concentration and type of tea samples, and also the presence of agar soluble allelochemicals. Among the seven tea samples, the leachates from Vinatea-green tea showed the highest inhibition on the radicle growth of lettuce seedlings with 50% suppression at 0.12 mg dry leaves/mL of agar. Caffeine concentration in tea samples analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) varied from 20.7 to 38.2 µg/mL of dry leaves. The specific activity (EC50 value) of pure caffeine was 75 µg/mL, and the highest total activity of caffeine estimated in Vinatea-green tea was 0.51 [no unit]. Caffeine from green and oolong tea may be considered as one of the contributors to the inhibitory activity of the crude extract. Moreover, the phytotoxicity of pure caffeine and aqueous tea extracts was highly selective on the growth of different plant species. The concentration of caffeine detected from tea farm soil ranged from 0.137 to 0.145 µg/g soil. The results indicated that caffeine might be considered as a promising allelochemical from Vietnamese tea and can be a good candidate for weed management.

scholarly journals Profiling of Essential Oils Components and Polyphenols for Their Antioxidant Activity of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Grown in Different Environmental Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Chrysargyris ◽  
Maria Mikallou ◽  
Spyridon Petropoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Tzortzakis
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Power

In the present study, the yield, the chemical composition, and the antioxidant activities of the essential oils (EOs) of eight medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) cultivated under two environmental conditions characterized by a different altitude (namely mountainous and plain) were evaluated. Cultivation at different environmental conditions resulted in significant differences in the chemical composition and antioxidant activity for most of the studied species. In particular, high altitudes resulted in increased phenolic compounds’ content and antioxidant activity for artemisia plants, while specific parameters increased in the case of spearmint (total phenols) and rosemary (flavonoids). In contrast, in pelargonium, all the tested parameters were positively affected in the plain area, whereas, for laurel and sage, only flavanols remained unaffected. EO yield in mountainous pelargonium and spearmint decreased while, in mountainous laurel, pelargonium and spearmint increased when compared to plain areas. In addition, the major EO constituents’ content for most of the species were affected by environmental conditions. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were variably correlated with total phenols, flavonoids, and flavanols, depending on the species and the altitude. Lastly, in limited cases, antioxidant activity (DPPH or FRAP values) was positively correlated with some EO components (e.g., borneol and β-pinene in artemisia and laurel plants grown in the plain, respectively, or 1,8-cineole in mountainous grown verbena plants). In conclusion, environmental conditions (altitude) affected antioxidants’ content and EO yield and composition of the studied MAPs. These findings can be used to introduce cultivation of MAPs in specific ecosystems for the production of high added value products.

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