scholarly journals Desert Locust Stopped by Tibetan Highlands during the 2020 Upsurge

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2287
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Michel Lecoq ◽  
Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Southern Tibet ◽  
South West ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Northward Expansion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High ◽  
Natural Barrier

Desert locust is an important pest to agriculture. In 2019–2020, a major upsurge originated in the southern Arabian Peninsula and gradually spread to east Africa, then to south-west Asia, as far as Pakistan and India, even reaching Nepal, resulting in major agricultural losses. For the first time, a few swarms entered southern Tibet. Using field observations and experiments, we studied their path to the Tibetan plateau and their behavior at these very high altitudes. The locusts moved up the Tibetan valleys from low-lying areas (1700 m) to much higher elevations (5400 m). The low temperatures and high humidity put them under severe stress; their activities were limited, and they did not survive long or produce local offspring. It is clear that the high-altitude environmental conditions in the Himalayan mountains provided an important natural barrier that limited the northward expansion of the desert locust populations.

Mosses and lichens of Shokalsky Island (Kara Sea, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Beldiman ◽  
I. N. Urbanavichene ◽  
V. E. Fedosov ◽  
E. Yu. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
South West ◽  
West Part ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
Made In

We studied in detail a moss-lichen component of Shokalsky Island vegetation for the first time and identified 79 species of mosses and 54 species and 2 subspecies of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. All species of mosses and 23 species and 2 subspecies of lichens and lichenicolous fungi are recorded for the first time for the island. The study is based on collections made in South West part of the island, in arctic tundra. We also explored the participation of the mosses and lichens in the main types of plant communities and the species distribution in 10 ecotopes. The paper describes the noteworthy findings (Abrothallus parmeliarum, Aongstroemia longipes, Arthonia peltigerea, Caloplaca caesiorufella, Catillaria stereocaulorum, Ceratodon heterophyllus, Lecanora leptacinella, Sphagnum concinnum, S. olafii) and features of bryo- and lichenoflora of Shokalsky Island.

scholarly journals Shell-crossing in a ΛCDM Universe

2020 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. L71-L75
Author(s):  
Cornelius Rampf ◽  
Oliver Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Random Initial Data ◽  
Recursion Relations ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT Perturbation theory is an indispensable tool for studying the cosmic large-scale structure, and establishing its limits is therefore of utmost importance. One crucial limitation of perturbation theory is shell-crossing, which is the instance when cold-dark-matter trajectories intersect for the first time. We investigate Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) at very high orders in the vicinity of the first shell-crossing for random initial data in a realistic three-dimensional Universe. For this, we have numerically implemented the all-order recursion relations for the matter trajectories, from which the convergence of the LPT series at shell-crossing is established. Convergence studies performed at large orders reveal the nature of the convergence-limiting singularities. These singularities are not the well-known density singularities at shell-crossing but occur at later times when LPT already ceased to provide physically meaningful results.

Taxonomic remarks on some Asian Lepidium s. l. (Brassicaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry A German
Keyword(s):  
New Combinations ◽  
South West ◽  
First Time

Taxonomy of some Central, Middle and South West Asian representatives of Lepidium s. l. is revised and updated. Poorly known taxon, L. rubtzovii, is shown to be unrelated to L. coronopifolium s. l., but close to L. lacerum. Three new combinations (L. lacerum subsp. rubtzovii, L. leventii, and L. macrocarpum) are proposed. The names L. deserti, L. persicum subsp. arianum and L. seravschanicum, and Stroganowia kazachstanica are newly recognized as synonyms of L. obtusum, L. ferganense, and L. cardiophyllum, respectively. For L. ferganense and L. macrocarpum, lectotypes are designated. Besides, L. lacerum subsp. rubtzovii is reported for the first time for China (instead of subsp. lacerum), L. leventii for Iran, L. macrocarpum for Tajikistan, and L. obtusum for Afghanistan. In contrast, occurrence of L. lacerum in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan is considered doubtful.

scholarly journals Using Long-Term Earth Observation Data to Reveal the Factors Contributing to the Early 2020 Desert Locust Upsurge and the Resulting Vegetation Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 680
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Wen Zhuo ◽  
Zhifang Pei ◽  
Xingyuan Tong ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Earth Observation Data ◽  
Vegetation Loss

Massive desert locust swarms have been threatening and devouring natural vegetation and agricultural crops in East Africa and West Asia since 2019, and the event developed into a rare and globally concerning locust upsurge in early 2020. The breeding, maturation, concentration and migration of locusts rely on appropriate environmental factors, mainly precipitation, temperature, vegetation coverage and land-surface soil moisture. Remotely sensed images and long-term meteorological observations across the desert locust invasion area were analyzed to explore the complex drivers, vegetation losses and growing trends during the locust upsurge in this study. The results revealed that (1) the intense precipitation events in the Arabian Peninsula during 2018 provided suitable soil moisture and lush vegetation, thus promoting locust breeding, multiplication and gregarization; (2) the regions affected by the heavy rainfall in 2019 shifted from the Arabian Peninsula to West Asia and Northeast Africa, thus driving the vast locust swarms migrating into those regions and causing enormous vegetation loss; (3) the soil moisture and NDVI anomalies corresponded well with the locust swarm movements; and (4) there was a low chance the eastwardly migrating locust swarms would fly into the Indochina Peninsula and Southwest China.

General method for cloning Neurospora crassa nuclear genes by complementation of mutants

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2272-2278
Author(s):  
R A Akins ◽  
A M Lambowitz
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Shuttle Vectors ◽  
Sib Selection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High ◽  
Restriction Site Polymorphisms ◽  
General Method

We have developed a sib selection procedure for cloning Neurospora crassa nuclear genes by complementation of mutants. This procedure takes advantage of a modified N. crassa transformation procedure that gives as many as 10,000 to 50,000 stable transformants per microgram of DNA with recombinant plasmids containing the N. crassa qa-2+ gene. Here, we describe the use of the sib selection procedure to clone genes corresponding to auxotrophic mutants, nic-1 and inl. The identities of the putative clones were confirmed by mapping their chromosomal locations in standard genetic crosses and using restriction site polymorphisms as genetic markers. Because we can obtain very high N. crassa transformation frequencies, cloning can be accomplished with as few as five subdivisions of an N. crassa genomic library. The sib selection procedure should, for the first time, permit the cloning of any gene corresponding to an N. crassa mutant for which an appropriate selection can be devised. Analogous procedures may be applicable to other filamentous fungi before the development of operational shuttle vectors.

Letters of karl Marx to Karl Blind

1938 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Gustav Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Public Order ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Diplomatic Immunity ◽  
First Time

Marx met the then 22 years old Blind) for the first time in May 1848, when he and Engels made their appearance in the revolutionary state of Baden (Germany), after the Neue Rheinische Zeitung had been suspended. At that time they declared to the members of the republican committee at Karlsruhe (Landesa usschuss), that they considered the revolt in the South-West of Germany irretrievably doomed to failure, if no decisive moves in Hungary or another revolution in Paris should come to its rescue. The only members of the committee who supported this opinion were, as stated by Engels), Karl Blind and Amand Gögg. Soon afterwards Marx and Blind met again in Paris. On September 5 Marx gave Blind's address to Freiligrath as his own. Blind had been sent to France by the revolutionary governments of Baden and the Palatinate as one of the members of the legation, which these two shortlived republics intended to establish there. But Louis Napoleon's government ignored this legation, and consequently did not respect Blind's diplomatic immunity, when the latter, soon after his arrival, proved to be involved in the abortive coup of Ledru-Rollin of June 13. Blind was placed under arrest and expelled from France on the same day, on the ground that his presence was “such as to disturb public order and calm”.

scholarly journals Visible AO Observations at Halpha for Accreting Young Planets

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (S299) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
L.M. Close ◽  
K. Follette ◽  
J.R. Males ◽  
K. Morzinski ◽  
T.J. Rodigas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Binary Stars ◽  
Optical Resolution ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Orion Trapezium ◽  
First Time ◽  
Adaptive Optics System ◽  
Very High

AbstractWe utilized the new high-order (250-378 mode) Magellan Adaptive Optics system (MagAO) to obtain very high-resolution science in the visible with MagAO's VisAO CCD camera. In the good-median seeing conditions of Magellan (0.5–0.7″) we find MagAO delivers individual short exposure images as good as 19 mas optical resolution. Due to telescope vibrations, long exposure (60s) r' (0.63μm) images are slightly coarser at FWHM = 23-29 mas (Strehl ~ 28%) with bright (R < 9 mag) guide stars. These are the highest resolution filled-aperture images published to date. Images of the young (~ 1 Myr) Orion Trapezium θ1 Ori A, B, and C cluster members were obtained with VisAO. In particular, the 32 mas binary θ1 Ori C1C2 was easily resolved in non-interferometric images for the first time. Relative positions of the bright trapezium binary stars were measured with ~ 0.6–5 mas accuracy. In the second commissioning run we were able to correct 378 modes and achieved good contrasts (Strehl>20% on young transition disks at Hα). We discuss the contrasts achieved at Hα and the possibility of detecting low mass (~ 1–5 Mjup) planets (past 5AU) with our new SAPPHIRES survey with MagAO at Hα.

scholarly journals First records of Brachythemis impartita in peninsular Italy (Odonata: Libellulidae)

2017 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Emanuele Guido Condello ◽  
Edoardo Razzetti ◽  
Cristiano Liuzzi ◽  
Vittoria D’Agostino ◽  
Fabio Mastropasqua
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Artificial Lake ◽  
Northward Expansion ◽  
First Time ◽  
Two Populations

Two populations of Brachythemis impartita (Karsch, 1890) are here reported in peninsular Italy. The species was found for the first time in 2015 in Calabria in the area of the Angitola artificial lake (Maierato and Monterosso Calabro municipalities) not far from the Tyrrhenian coast. In 2016 the species was also observed in southern Apulia, along the banks of two artificial lagoons in the municipality of Ugento. Information are provided that confirm the habitat preferences of the species and a northward expansion.

scholarly journals Gold in Irish Coal: Palaeo-Concentration from Metalliferous Groundwaters

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Liam A. Bullock ◽  
John Parnell ◽  
Joseph G.T. Armstrong ◽  
Magali Perez ◽  
Sam Spinks
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Foreland Basins ◽  
High Heat Flow ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

Gold grains, up to 40 μm in size and containing variable percentages of admixed platinum, have been identified in coals from the Leinster Coalfield, Castlecomer, SE Ireland, for the first time. Gold mineralisation occurs in sideritic nodules in coals and in association with pyrite and anomalous selenium content. Mineralisation here may have reflected very high heat flow in foreland basins north of the emerging Variscan orogenic front, responsible for gold occurrence in the South Wales Coalfield. At Castlecomer, gold (–platinum) is attributed to precipitation with replacive pyrite and selenium from groundwaters at redox interfaces, such as siderite nodules. Pyrite in the cores of the nodules indicates fluid ingress. The underlying Caledonian basement bedrock is mineralised by gold, and thus likely provided a source for gold. The combination of the gold occurrences in coal in Castlecomer and in South Wales, proximal to the Variscan orogenic front, suggests that these coals along the front could comprise an exploration target for low-temperature concentrations of precious metals.

scholarly journals First evaluation of coral recruitment in Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Gildas G.B. Todinanahary ◽  
Nomeniarivelo Hasintantely ◽  
Igor Eeckhaut ◽  
Thierry Lavitra
Keyword(s):  
Larval Density ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Coral Recruitment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

The distribution of larvae and recruitment of scleractinians in the southwest region of Madagascar were evaluated for the first time between October 2013 and September 2014 at 3 sites. The presence of coral larvae (planulae) was monitored through weekly sampling using a plankton net and the recruitment rate evaluated by monthly sampling of the newly settled corals (<1 year stage) on recruitment tiles and by a monitoring of the recruitment of juveniles (1< Juveniles < 2 years) using the quadrat method. Planulae were present in the plankton for 9 months during the survey. The recorded mean annual density of planula varied from 0.43 ± 0.41 larvae m-3 to 3.23 ± 5.72 larvae m-3 depending on site, with a peak in larval density towards the end of November and the beginning of December. The variability in the occurrence of planula is very high and implied that the density observed in the year does not present a significant difference between the sites (pKW=0.33). The average density of total recruits was 620.13 ± 621.30 recruits m-2, 40.28 ± 50.97 recruits m-2 and 36.34 ± 33.82 recruits m-2, respectively at the sites of Nosy Tafara, Grande Vasque and Rose Garden. Seasonal distribution of coral recruitment was different between the sites. The mean annual density of newly settled recruits (< 1 month stage) was significantly higher at Nosy Tafara with 94.91±101.08 recruits m-2 compared to Grande Vasque and Rose Garden with 18.75±34.32 recruits m-2 and 11.57±18.47 recruits m-2 (pKW<0.001), respectively. The highest density of newly settled recruits was observed between October to December. Higher density of recruits was also observed in March at Nosy Tafara and in May at all three sites. Results of juvenile monitoring showed high rates (> 10 juveniles m-2) compared to other regions and the threshold, but it revealed high mortality among recruits. Coral recruitment in the southwest region of Madagascar was found to be high and could result in increased resilience of the coral reef assemblages.

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