scholarly journals Oxidative Stress, Ageing and Methods of Seed Invigoration: An Overview and Perspectives

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2369
Author(s):  
Ademola Emmanuel Adetunji ◽  
Tomi Lois Adetunji ◽  
Boby Varghese ◽  
Sershen ◽  
Norman W. Pammenter
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
World Population ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Seed Ageing

The maintenance of seed quality during the long-term conservation of plant genetic resources is crucial for averting the projected food crises that are linked to the changing climate and rising world population. However, ageing-induced loss of seed vigour and viability during storage remains an inevitable process that compromises productivity in several orthodox-seeded crop species. Seed ageing under prolonged storage, which can occur even under optimal conditions, induces several modifications capable of causing loss of intrinsic physiological quality traits, including germination capacity and vigour, and stand establishment. The problems posed by seed ageing have motivated the development of various techniques for mitigating their detrimental effects. These invigoration techniques generally fall within one of two categories: (1) priming or pre-hydrating seeds in a solution for improved post-harvest performance, or (2) post-storage reinvigoration which often involves soaking seeds recovered from storage in a solution. Seed priming methods are generally divided into classical (hydropriming, osmopriming, redox priming, biostimulant priming, etc.) and advanced (nanopriming, magnetopriming and priming using other physical agents) techniques. With the increasing popularity of seed invigoration techniques to achieve the much-desired enhanced productivity and resilience in the face of a changing climate, there is an urgent need to explore these techniques effectively (in addition to other important practices such as plant breeding, fertilizer application, and the control of pests and diseases). This review aims to provide an overview of ageing in orthodox seeds and invigoration techniques that can enhance desirable agronomic and physiological characters.

scholarly journals Alleviate Seed Ageing Effects in Silybum marianum by Application of Hormone Seed Priming

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Seyed Ata SIADAT ◽  
Seyed Amir MOOSAVI ◽  
Mehran SHARAFIZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Seed Ageing

Most of the medicinal plants have seed dormancy or poor seed germination. This is due to their natural compounds or their morphological structure. Existence of such mechanisms makes the seeds able to endure harsh environments, stressful conditions or natural ageing. Different seed enhancement treatments were proposed in order to improve seed germination. In this study, it was examined Silybum marianum seed longevity (0, 48 and 72 hour of ageing) and the response to seed priming when using different concentrations of cytokinin (50, 200, 350 and 500 ppm) and different duration of treatment (8, 12 and 24 hour). Results revealed that ageing could be successfully alleviated using seed priming. Seed ageing significantly affected seed germination and vigour. Application of cytokinin considerably improved seed vigour in aged and non aged seeds. The most effective seed priming treatment was with 500 ppm cytokine, with the duration of 24 hours. In conclusion, it can be recommend the used of plant growth regulators like cytokine, as a good priming agent, to recover losses of seed quality and improve germination characteristics.

scholarly journals Impact of Organic Seed Priming Amendments and Botanicals on Seed Quality Parameters of French Bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar Rai Kotamarthi Bhavana ◽  
G. M. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index

The current experiment was conducted to evaluate the Performance of Organic amendments and botanical treatments on seed quality parameters of French bean under stimulated environmental conditions. An experiment was conducted in 2021 at postgraduate seed testing laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The French bean Cultivar Arka Bold seeds were used for priming. Organic treatments are designated as Panchagavya 2%, 4%,6%,8%, Agniasthra 2%,4%,6%,8% and Botanicals treatments are Tulasi leaf extract 5%, Aloevera leaf extract 5%, Vinca rosea leaf extract 5% and also did hydroprming treatment using distilled water respectively. Seeds were soaked in organic, botanicals and in distilled water for duration of 6 hours followed by shade drying. The results were obtained and it was found that all the treatments showed significant effect on quality parameters. The highest was found in panchgavya of all doses followed by tulasi leaf extract found to be best in Germination percentage, Speed of Germination, Root length, Shoot length, Seedling length, Seed vigour index-I, Seed vigour Index-II compared to control or untreated seeds which indicates the effect of organics and botanicals on physiological processes of the seeds. This study revealed that priming with organic amendments and botanicals can be effective in enhancing the seed quality parameters of french bean and they are low cost, effective and nature friendly and toxic free.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Priming Treatments with Panchagavya, Jeevamrutha, Beejamrutha and Leaf Extracts, Sodium Molybdate on Seed Quality Parameters of Field Pea (Pisum sativum)

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
K. Yashwanth Chandra ◽  
Arun Kumar Chaurasia
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sodium Molybdate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Vigour Index

The present research study was conducted at the Seed testing laboratory of Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh in 2020-2021. The research study revealedthat effect of seed priming treatments with Panchagavya, Jeevamrutha, Beejamrutha and leaf extracts, Sodium molybdate on seed quality parameters of field pea was analyzed through Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Organic treatments are designated as Panchagavya 3% and 5%, Jeevamrutha 3% and 5%, Beejamrutha 5% are used as treatment 8Hrs respectively, botanical treatments are Tulasi leaf extract 6%, Lantana camara leaf extract for 6% are used as treatment for duration of 4 hours respectivelyin which the treatment T8- Sodium molybdate (3%) for 3 Hrs exhibited higher mean value for seed germination (76.75%), root length (6.49 cm), shoot length (7.84 cm), seedling length (14.33 cm), seed vigour index -I (1099.68) and Followed by value was exhibited by T6-Tulasi Leaf Extract (6%) with respect of Root length (6.79 cm)Seedling dry weight (1.725 g), Seed Vigour Index II (129.78), T0 (control) with respect of Germination percentage (71.75%) root length (6.30 cm), shoot length (6.60 cm) and seedling length (12.90 cm), seed vigour index I &II (925.60 & 98.13).

Improving vigour and viability of blackgram cv.co 6 [Vigna mungo (L) Hepper] through seed priming with inorganics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S . Poonguzhali
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Amino Benzoic Acid

Studies were undertaken at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore using different seed lots of blackgram cv. CO 6 with a view to elicit information on seed invigouration for maintenance of seed quality during storage period. Seeds soaking followed by drying for different durations ranging from 1h, 2h and 3h with different inorganic chemicals viz., Vitamin E (a- tocopherol), Para Amino Benzoic Acid (PABA) and Salicylic Acid at concentrations of 2.5 mM, 5.0 mM and 7.5 mM in 1:1 seed to solution ratio was attempted. The results shows that soaking of varying seed lots of freshly harvested, aged treated and treated aged seeds of blackgram (3 days of accelerated ageing) in low concentrations viz., 2.5 mM, 5.0 mM of salicylic acid followed by drying was effective in controlling seed deterioration and improving seed vigour and viability in all the seed lots.

scholarly journals Automation of Seed Priming Technology for Enhanced Seed Vigour of Blackgram Seeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Malarkodi ◽  
T. Vedhapriya ◽  
R. Umarani ◽  
M. Bhaskaran
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Original Moisture ◽  
Cent Increase ◽  
Priming Process ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Background: Seed priming technique involves soaking of seeds in priming agent to a point where germination related metabolic activities occur in the seeds followed by drying of imbibed seeds to original moisture to prevent the radical protrusion and facilitate storage of primed seed. Draining of priming agent and drying of large quantity of primed seeds is a laborious and time consuming process. The current study was aimed to standardize automation of seed priming process by utilizing house-hold top loading washing machine. Methods: The top loading washing machine referred to as Seed Priming Cabinet, contained a priming drum with provision for draining water. On completion of the soaking period, the ‘SPIN’ button was pressed by setting the duration of spin drying (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min.). Then the seeds were removed from the drum of priming cabinet and subjected to shade drying so as to reach the original moisture content and evaluated for seed quality parameters. Result: The blackgram seed subjected to conventional hydropriming was compared with automatic seed priming for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. and observed that hydropriming and spin drying for 3 min. was found to be optimum and the per cent increase in germination recorded over control was 18.0 per cent thus suggesting that automation of seed priming technology can be recommended for enhanced seed vigour and crop productivity of blackgram.

Micro-nutrients Seed Priming and rhizobium Coating on Seed Vigour, Crop Growth and Seed Yield in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kavitha ◽  
P. Srimathi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index

Background: Black gram is the important pulses crop, grown throughout the country; gives low seed yield mainly due to poor management and low soil fertility. Development of suitable technology is essential to enhance productivity. Seed priming is one such effective technology which enhance rapid and uniform emergence to achieve high vigour, leading to better stand establishment and yield. The current research aimed to study micronutrient seed priming and rhizobium coating on seed germination, seedling vigour, crop growth and seed yield in black gram.Methods: Blackgram seeds were primed with 10 different micronutrient solutions with different concentrations and evaluated for its quality parameters to find out suitable seed priming technique. Seeds from two best priming treatments were coated with rhizobium @ 30g/kg of seed and evaluated for its production potential and resultant seed quality under field condition.Result: Seed priming with 0.5% ZnSO4 at 1/3rd seed to solution ratio for 3 hours recorded higher germination (96%) and vigour index (3811) than control which recorded 84% seed germination and 2528 of vigour index under laboratory experiment. Field experiments revealed that, seeds primed with 0.5% ZnSO4 and coated with rhizobium @ 30g per kg of seeds improved seed yield by 13.2% over control. 

Biochemical Investigations on Vigour Enhancement in Fresh and Aged Seeds Upon Seed Priming in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Arun ◽  
K. Bhanuprakash ◽  
S. Shankara Hebbar ◽  
T. Senthivel ◽  
A.K. Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Aged Seeds

Background: Loss in seed quality that occurs from maturity in the field to storage, leads to seed deterioration. Storage of cowpea seeds under ambient, hot and humid conditions is very problematic since these conditions deteriorate seed quality faster. Seed deterioration is associated with many metabolic defects that occur due to changes in enzyme and protein levels. Method: The present study was performed to verify the effects of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] seed priming (GA3, ammonium molybdate, Ca Cl2, KBr, Mg (NO3)2, ZnSO4, Hydro priming and dry non primed) with fresh and accelerated aged seeds.Result: The deterioration was rectified to the extent possible by the technique of seed priming. SDS PAGE profiling indicated the differential expression of proteins with seed priming. Esterase and peroxidase enzyme which were completely lost as a result of ageing showed reappearance after priming. The band intensity as well as the number of proteins induced by seed priming increased over control. Priming also restored the lost seed vigour in aged seeds due to reactivation of proteins in old seeds and expression of these proteins in priming treatments are related to priming induced proteins in contrast to their absence in the aged seeds which are necessary for germination and longevity of seeds. The present study concluded that priming with GA3 (100 ppm) and Ammonium Molybdate (10-3 M) for 24 hours in aged seeds of cowpea showed increase enzyme activity, restored almost entire protein profile and esterase and peroxidise isozyme profile as it allowed repair system to combat sub-cellular damage and activated synthesis of enzymes and proteins.

scholarly journals Early counts of radicle emergence, counted manually and by image analysis, can reveal differences in the production of normal seedlings and the vigour of seed lots of cauliflower

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Shinohara ◽  
Sylvie Ducournau ◽  
Stan Matthews ◽  
Marie-Helene Wagner ◽  
Alison A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Seed Ageing ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Controlled Deterioration ◽  
Initial Seed

The ability of a single early count of radicle emergence (RE) to predict differences in the production of normal seedlings (NG) and seed vigour was examined in four seed lots from each of three varieties of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis). Initial seed quality was assessed in germination and controlled deterioration (CD) vigour tests. RE (first appearance of the radicle) was counted manually after 48 hours in the germination test (RE 48h 20/30°C) and every two hours for 144 hours at 20°C using automated image analysis. Seed vigour was assessed in field and glasshouse trials. A large proportion of the variance in NG was explained by the RE count. The same RE counts at 20/30°C and 20°C predicted seed vigour in the field and glasshouse and revealed the same vigour differences as the validated CD test. Differences in vigour (field and glasshouse emergence) observed between varieties were related to the extent of previously sustained seed ageing revealed by the CD test, although genotypic differences in vigour could not be excluded. We propose that single counts of RE taken manually or by image analysis can be used to reveal differences in the NG and vigour of seed lots of cauliflower.

scholarly journals Seed Germination for Transplants

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Plant

Seed germination is a critical step to achieve economic success in a transplant operation. Total germination of a seed lot dictates total plant sales by the producer, while uniformity of germination dictates the quality of the transplant crop. Using high vigor seed will help to achieve uniform stands, as well as maximize stands, in the transplant house or field. In order to maintain the highest seed quality, transplant producers should store unused seeds at recommended temperature and relative humidity for the crop species. Methods to promote uniformity and optimum stands under a wide range of conditions include the use of seed priming, film coating with fungicides, and pelleting for ease of planting.

scholarly journals Seed improvement by selection and invigoration

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (spe) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Seed Ageing ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Selection Of

The basis of differences in seed quality are described for two groups of crops, grain legumes and vegetables and approaches to the improvement of quality are proposed. In grain legumes the major factors affecting seed quality are imbibition damage, seed ageing and their interaction. It is proposed that use of seed vigour tests, specifically the electrical conductivity test, to identify the incidence of imbibition damage and ageing allows the selection of seed lots for sale and for use under different field conditions. Alternatively in grain legume species in which there is a genotypic influence on predisposition to imbibition damage the approach to seed improvement may lie through selection in breeding programmes. Thus identification of testa characteristics that favour slow imbibition would enable selection for these characteristics. Seed ageing is also the major cause of reduced seed quality in vegetable species, leading to slow and asynchronous germination. An approach to their seed improvement has been the development of seed invigoration treatments based on seed hydration. The principle of these treatments is described and several treatments outlined, with emphasis being given to aerated hydration, a treatment completed within 36h. The physiological basis of improvement by invigoration is discussed.

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