Efficiency of Rice Husk Biochar with Poultry Litter Co-Composts in Oxisols for Improving Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enhancing Maize Performance

Efficient use of co-composted organic manure with biochar is one of the sustainable management practices in an agriculture system to increase soil fertility and crop yield. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the use of co-composted biochar, biochar in formulation with poultry litter (PL), and PL compost on soil properties and maize growth. Organic amendments were applied at 10 Mg ha−1, and synthetic fertilizer was applied at the recommended rate of maize (N: P2O5: K2O at 60:60:40 kg ha−1). The results showed that addition of organic amendment significantly increased the total biomass parameter compared to the control, which ranged from 23.2% to 988.5%. The pure biochar treatment yielded lower biomass than the control by 27.1%, which was attributed to its low nutrient content. Consequently, the application of the co-composted biochar achieved higher plant height and aerial portion, which ranged from 46.86% to 25.74% and 7.8% to 108.2%, respectively, in comparison to the recommended fertilizer rate. In addition, the soil amended with co-composted biochar had a significant increase in soil organic matter and had significantly higher chlorophyll and nutrient concentrations in plants, which increased with an increase in the biochar ratio of the co-composts. This was probably attributed to the release of the nutrients retained during composting, thereby possibly making the co-composted biochar act as a slow-release fertilizer. In conclusion, the addition of organic manure with biochar enhanced the nutrient supply by gradual release in comparison to the mineral fertilizer.

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Effects of CO2 enrichment and nutrition on growth, photosynthesis, and nutrient concentration of Alaskan tundra plant species

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b86-396 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 64 (12) ◽

pp. 2993-2998 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Steven F. Oberbauer ◽

Nasser Sionit ◽

Steven J. Hastings ◽

Walter C. Oechel

Keyword(s):

Plant Biomass ◽

Co2 Enrichment ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Ledum Palustre ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽

Alaskan Tundra

Three Alaskan tundra species, Carex bigelowii Torr., Betula nana L., and Ledum palustre L., were grown in controlled-environment chambers at two nutrition levels with two concentrations of atmospheric CO2 to assess the interactive effects of these factors on growth, photosynthesis, and tissue nutrient content. Carbon dioxide concentrations were maintained at 350 and 675 μL L−1 under photosynthetic photon flux densities of 450 μmol m−2 s−1 and temperatures of 20:15 °C (light:dark). Nutrient treatments were obtained by watering daily with 1/60- or 1/8- strength Hoagland's solution. Leaf, root, and total biomass were strongly enhanced by nutrient enrichment regardless of the CO2 concentration. In contrast, enriched atmospheric CO2 did not significantly affect plant biomass and there was no interaction between nutrition and CO2 concentration during growth. Leaf photosynthesis was increased by better nutrition in two species but was unchanged by CO2 enrichment during growth in all three species. The effects of nutrient addition and CO2 enrichment on tissue nutrient concentrations were complex and differed among the three species. The data suggest that CO2 enrichment with or without nutrient limitation has little effect on the biomass production of these three tundra species.

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Effect of organo-mineral fertilizer and poultry litter waste on sugarcane yield and some plant and soil chemical properties

African Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5897/ajar2016.11024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 20-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alves Ramos Lucelia ◽

Maria Quintao Lana Regina ◽

Henrique Korndorfer Gaspar ◽

de Andrade Silva Adriane

Keyword(s):

Poultry Litter ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Sugarcane Yield

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Comparative analysis of nutritional status and growth of immature oil palm in various intercropping systems in southern Benin

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479720000022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 371-386

Author(s):

Hermione Koussihouèdé ◽

Hervé Aholoukpè ◽

Jeremie Adjibodou ◽

Haniel Hinkati ◽

Bernard Dubos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Management Practices ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Immature Oil ◽

Oil Palms ◽

Productive Phase ◽

Southern Benin ◽

Growth Indicators

AbstractBeninese smallholders associate food crops and cash crops with immature oil palms to reduce field maintenance costs and gain income before the palms reach productive phase. Little is known about the effects of these crops on the nutritional status and growth of the palms in their immature phase even though the yield of adult palms can be affected by the management practices during this phase. The objective of this study was to evaluate the most common oil palm-based intercropping systems found in southern Benin in terms of nutritional status and growth of the palm. Within 15 oil palm farms, we compared 15 immature oil palm fields where the crop succession associated with the oil palms was dominated by maize, cassava, tomato, and pineapple. The nutrient concentrations in the soil and the palm leaves, and growth indicators were measured at the end of the immature phase. We found that the palm growth indicators were the lowest in the successions with pineapple. N and P nutrition of the immature palms was satisfactory but K was deficient in all systems, especially in those with pineapple. The K levels in the soils and palm leaves were correlated. Rough field budgets comparing the amounts of N and K applied to the crop successions with their N and K exports from non-returning products indicated that soil indigenous K supply would be particularly depleted in the systems with pineapple. We concluded that the young oil palms were affected by the competition for K exerted by the crop successions with pineapple even though they were the most fertilized in the region. The high profitable crop is therefore associated with the lowest growth rates of the immature palms. The mineral fertilizer management in these oil palm temporary intercropping systems should be improved.

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Pengaruh Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Padi dalam Sistem Aerobik

Agrotechnology Research Journal ◽

10.20961/agrotechresj.v3i1.30396 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Suli Suswana

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Function ◽

Weathered Soils ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

An application of biochar to the intensive weathered soils potentially can change physical and chemical properties of the soils, improved soil function and increased yield of crops. A meta-analyses evaluation showed a significant correlation between biochar and plants productivity, that means there are benefits of biochar application to the soils on plants productivities, that was increased 10%.This experiment was used Randomized Completed Block Design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments are: contr), 20 ton biochar ha-1, 40 ton biochar ha-1, 50 ton biochar ha-1, 60 ton biochar ha-1, 10 ton biochar + 10 ton poultry litter ha-1, 20 ton biochar + 20 ton poultry litter ha-1, 30 ton biochar + 30 ton poultry litter ha-1. The results showed biochar 20 ton ha-1 could increase significantly of plant heigh, number of punicles per clump, and the weight dried straw per clump. Whereas, application combination 20-30 ton biochar ha-1 + 20-30 ton poultry litter ha-1 could increase amount of tillers per clump, amound of punicles per clump, and weight dried straw (total biomass) per clump significantly.

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Study of factors controlling the amount of 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable Norg fraction

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/150/1739 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 437-449

Author(s):

Emese Szabó ◽

Jakab Loch

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Global Scale ◽

Organic N ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Long Term Experiment ◽

A Site ◽

The University

The use of new methods describing the “readily available” nutrient content of the soil is spreading on a global scale. The 0.01 M CaCl2 extractant is a dilute salt solution in which the easily soluble inorganic (nitrate-N and ammonium-N) and organic N fractions, P, K and micronutrients are also measurable. The 0.01 M CaCl2 has been tested in the University of Debrecen, Institute of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Sciences since the 90’s. The results of the researches related to organic N fraction, performed in the last decades, and the results of the present study (originating from the long-term experiment of Karcag, 2007–2009) can be concluded as follows: The measurement of easily soluble and oxidizable organic nitrogen (Norg), besides inorganic fractions, could improve the nutrient management. The amount of the Norg fraction is determined by the soil conditions, therefore it is considered to be a site-specific parameter. Management practices and cropyear affect the amount of Norg as well. The present research confirmed that, the effect of fertilization on the amount of Norg can be explained by the changing of the yield (related to total biomass production), while the effect of cropyear is related to the differences in mineralization circumstances and yield as well. The measurement of the Norg fraction is increases the accuracy of N-supply, therefore it could prevent the environmentally harmful excess N application as well.

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Effect of organic manure fertilizer on the growth of Macaranga gigantea

Nusantara Bioscience ◽

10.13057/nusbiosci/n110210 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Susanto ◽

AULIANA ◽

RATNA KUSUMA ◽

RUDIANTO AMIRTA

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Organic Manure ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Degraded Land ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Goat Manure

Abstract. Susanto D, Auliana, Kusuma R, Amirta R. 2019. Effect of organic manure fertilizer on the growth of Macaranga gigantea. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 166-171. M. gigantea planting research has been conducted in several habitats such as natural forest gaps, drained peatland and soil with highly degraded land for rehabilitation. This study investigated the effect of organic manure fertilization on soil, tissue chemical properties and growth performance of Macaranga gigantea planted at dense space of 2,5 m x 2,5 m. The experiment used a randomized block design with treatment of fertilization using goat manure with five gradual concentrations namely P0 (0 g), P1 (100 g), P2 (200 g), P3 (300 g) and P4 (400 g) in which each treatment consisted of three groups with 20 replications for each group, totaling 300 seedlings observed. The results showed that organic manure fertilization promoted stem height, stem diameter, leaf number and nutrient concentrations in the leaves of four-month-old M. gigantea. The best growth performance was gained from the treatment of P3 (300 g), followed by P2, P1, P4, and P0. The highest nutrient contained in leave tissue was potassium, followed by calcium, magnesium, nitrogen and available phosphorus.

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Effects of time and dose of organic fertilizers on soil fertility, nutrient content and yield of vegetables

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859615001136 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 154 (8) ◽

pp. 1343-1361 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. F. HERENCIA ◽

C. MAQUEDA

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Principal Component ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Organic Management ◽

Edible Part

SUMMARYA comparative study of the effect of organic fertilization at different times and doses on soil fertility and crop yield was performed over 3 years in a calcareous loamy soil. Nutrient availability in the soil and macronutrient concentration in leaves and in the edible part of the plants was examined in plots that were previously handled conventionally and ecologically for several years. The organic fertilizers used were manure compost at two doses in plots after 4 years of organic management treatment, and green residues of previous crops in plots with 10 years of organic management. In general, soil organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and magnesium (Mg) contents were found to be considerably greater in organically fertilized soils in comparison with soil receiving mineral fertilizer (conventional treatment (CT)). For C and N, the highest contents were observed in the long-term organic treatment (OR). However, few differences were found for potassium (K) and sodium (Na). The results obtained for electrical conductivity and pH indicated that, in general, there were no significant differences between treatments. The differences in the values of EC and pH occurred among cultivation cycles irrespective of the type of fertilization, but there was a contradictory trend for each of the above parameters. The results obtained for leaves and the edible part of the plant indicated that, in general, there were no significant differences between treatments, except for P with a trend for higher P content in organic crops. The nitrate values in leaves showed great variability, making it difficult to draw conclusions. The associations of fertilization and the chemical properties of soil with nutrient content in crops were checked by principal component analysis (PCA). For soil data, different clusters were observed between CT and OR treatments. However, PCA showed that the influence of crop type on plant nutrient concentrations was greater than type of fertilization. The effect of fertilization on crop yield was variable depending on plant species. The results indicated that organic fertilization did not cause deficiencies in the nutrient content and yield of vegetables when compared with conventional fertilization, showing that ecological management can be used effectively.

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The Nitrogen Contained in Carbonized Poultry Litter is not Plant Available

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2018-0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 284-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christoph Steiner ◽

Keith Harris ◽

Julia Gaskin ◽

K.C. Das

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Tissue Concentration ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Abstract Pyrolysis of biomass, reduces its volume, mass, odour, and potential pathogens, while concentrating nutrients in the resulting biochar. However, the plant availability of nutrients in particular of nitrogen remains largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the nutrient availability of carbonized poultry litter. A nutrient poor soil was either fertilized with poultry litter or poultry litter carbonized at 500°C at the rates of 1.5, 3 and 6 t/ha. These organic amendments were compared with corresponding rates of mineral fertilizers (NH4NO3, KCl, CaHPO4, MgSO4) in a pot experiment. After four successive harvests of ryegrass (Lolium sp.) in a greenhouse we analyzed plant nutrient uptake and nutrient concentrations in the soil. While all treatments showed a linear increase in plant growth and nitrogen uptake, the plants fertilized with carbonized poultry litter did not show such a response. The carbonized poultry litter treatment produced more biomass than the unfertilized control, but the tissue concentration of nitrogen was below that of the control. Mehlich 1 extractable nutrients in the soil showed that there is more available phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the soil fertilized with the carbonized poultry manure, but these available nutrients were not utilized due to the nitrogen limitation to plant growth. The results clearly show that nitrogen contained in carbonized poultry litter is not available for plants

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Effects of Management Practices on Soil Properties and Plant Nutrition in Hay Meadows in Picos de Europa

Environments ◽

10.3390/environments8050038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Judith Álvarez ◽

Elías Afif ◽

Tomás E. Díaz ◽

Laura García ◽

Jose A. Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Management Practices ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Clay Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Mean Values ◽

Hay Meadows ◽

Natural Grasslands ◽

Chemical Properties Of Soils

Fertilization and mowing affects the physico-chemical properties of soils, as well as the characteristics of the plants growing on them. Changes in the management techniques are causing semi-natural grasslands to disappear all over Europe. These grasslands host a great amount of diversity, thus their conservation is a top priority. This work studies whether the kind of management has an influence on the soil properties and the foliar content in macronutrients in 25 hay meadows located in Picos de Europa (10 in Asturias, 10 in Castilla y León and 5 in Cantabria). Soils at a 0–20 cm depth showed a high content of organic matter and a low C/N ratio. Effective cation exchange capacity was adequate for a texture, which varied from sandy clay loam to loam, with an average clay content of 17%. Mean values of foliar nutrient concentrations showed a deficiency in K. In this study, management practices were shown to affect some properties of the soils, namely pH, sand percentage and exchangeable K and Ca, to different extents. The highest values of pH and exchangeable Ca were significantly correlated with the least intensive management.

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Dynamics of N-P-K demand and uptake in cassava

Agronomy for Sustainable Development ◽

10.1007/s13593-020-00649-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joy Geraldine Adiele ◽

Antonius G. T. Schut ◽

Kodjovi S. Ezui ◽

Pieter Pypers ◽

Ken E. Giller

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Growth Cycle ◽

Raw Material ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Total N ◽

And Storage ◽

Dilution Curves

AbstractFertilizers are required to improve productivity of cassava and meet the increasing demand for cassava as food, feed, or raw material for processing industries. Our objective was to develop nutrition indices for N, P, and K to provide quantitative insight in the dynamics of nutrient demand and uptake of cassava. On-farm experiments were conducted at six locations in Nigeria from 2016 to 2018, across the major cassava growing agro-ecologies of West Africa. Nitrogen, P, and K were applied at different rates. Uptake of nutrients was measured in leaves, stems, and storage roots at 4, 8, and 12 or 14 months after planting (MAP) and used to construct NPK dilution curves and nutrition indices. About 67, 61, and 52% of total N, P, and K were taken up at 4 MAP, with a maximum uptake rate of 0.21, 0.03, and 0.12 g/m2/d for N, P, and K, respectively. Nutrient concentrations in stems and storage roots declined gradually, in contrast to concentrations in the leaves that fluctuated within narrow ranges. Dilution curves and nutrition indices for N, P, and K were established for the first time in cassava. Dilution curves of N, P, and K in the crop for the highest NPK application treatment were described as Nc = 82DM−0.61, Pc = 7.4DM−0.54, and Kc = 43DM−0.54, when total biomass was between 5 and 57 t/ha dry matter (DM). The nutrition indices were linearly related to relative crop biomass. Insight into the nutrient uptake and dilution patterns during the growth cycle can help to understand the temporal nutrient demands of cassava and identify sustainable management practices. Initial ample supply of N and P and moderate K, with extra K top-dress during the second growth phase, will benefit cassava growth and yield. Furthermore, such information provides a basis to develop a dynamic model to simulate nutrient-limited growth of cassava.

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