scholarly journals Dynamics of N-P-K demand and uptake in cassava

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Geraldine Adiele ◽  
Antonius G. T. Schut ◽  
Kodjovi S. Ezui ◽  
Pieter Pypers ◽  
Ken E. Giller
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Total N ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Dilution Curves

AbstractFertilizers are required to improve productivity of cassava and meet the increasing demand for cassava as food, feed, or raw material for processing industries. Our objective was to develop nutrition indices for N, P, and K to provide quantitative insight in the dynamics of nutrient demand and uptake of cassava. On-farm experiments were conducted at six locations in Nigeria from 2016 to 2018, across the major cassava growing agro-ecologies of West Africa. Nitrogen, P, and K were applied at different rates. Uptake of nutrients was measured in leaves, stems, and storage roots at 4, 8, and 12 or 14 months after planting (MAP) and used to construct NPK dilution curves and nutrition indices. About 67, 61, and 52% of total N, P, and K were taken up at 4 MAP, with a maximum uptake rate of 0.21, 0.03, and 0.12 g/m2/d for N, P, and K, respectively. Nutrient concentrations in stems and storage roots declined gradually, in contrast to concentrations in the leaves that fluctuated within narrow ranges. Dilution curves and nutrition indices for N, P, and K were established for the first time in cassava. Dilution curves of N, P, and K in the crop for the highest NPK application treatment were described as Nc = 82DM−0.61, Pc = 7.4DM−0.54, and Kc = 43DM−0.54, when total biomass was between 5 and 57 t/ha dry matter (DM). The nutrition indices were linearly related to relative crop biomass. Insight into the nutrient uptake and dilution patterns during the growth cycle can help to understand the temporal nutrient demands of cassava and identify sustainable management practices. Initial ample supply of N and P and moderate K, with extra K top-dress during the second growth phase, will benefit cassava growth and yield. Furthermore, such information provides a basis to develop a dynamic model to simulate nutrient-limited growth of cassava.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Rice Husk Biochar with Poultry Litter Co-Composts in Oxisols for Improving Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enhancing Maize Performance

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2409
Author(s):  
Hamed Alarefee ◽  
Che Fauziah Ishak ◽  
Daljit Singh Karam ◽  
Radziah Othman
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Higher Plant

Efficient use of co-composted organic manure with biochar is one of the sustainable management practices in an agriculture system to increase soil fertility and crop yield. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the use of co-composted biochar, biochar in formulation with poultry litter (PL), and PL compost on soil properties and maize growth. Organic amendments were applied at 10 Mg ha−1, and synthetic fertilizer was applied at the recommended rate of maize (N: P2O5: K2O at 60:60:40 kg ha−1). The results showed that addition of organic amendment significantly increased the total biomass parameter compared to the control, which ranged from 23.2% to 988.5%. The pure biochar treatment yielded lower biomass than the control by 27.1%, which was attributed to its low nutrient content. Consequently, the application of the co-composted biochar achieved higher plant height and aerial portion, which ranged from 46.86% to 25.74% and 7.8% to 108.2%, respectively, in comparison to the recommended fertilizer rate. In addition, the soil amended with co-composted biochar had a significant increase in soil organic matter and had significantly higher chlorophyll and nutrient concentrations in plants, which increased with an increase in the biochar ratio of the co-composts. This was probably attributed to the release of the nutrients retained during composting, thereby possibly making the co-composted biochar act as a slow-release fertilizer. In conclusion, the addition of organic manure with biochar enhanced the nutrient supply by gradual release in comparison to the mineral fertilizer.

scholarly journals Growth and yield response of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to inoculation with rhizobacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Salantur ◽  
A. Ozturk ◽  
S. Akten
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Total N ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
N Yield

The growth and yield response of spring wheat to inoculation with foreign and local rhizobacteria of Erzurum (Turkey) origin was studied. At the first stage of the research, a greenhouse experiment was carried out with wheat cv. Kirik using 75 local bacterial strains isolated from the soil with 6 foreign bacteria, and a control. According to results of the greenhouse experiment 9 local strains were identified. At the second stage, the response of wheat cv. Kirik to 20 treatments (9 local strains, 6 foreign bacteria, 4 levels of N, and a control) was investigated in Erzurum field conditions. Seventeen strains had significant positive effects on tiller number per plant, 47 strains on plant height, one strain on dry matter yield, and 28 strains on plant protein content in the greenhouse experiment. Inoculation with certain rhizobacteria clearly benefited growth and increased the grain and N-yield of field grown wheat. The effects of local strains were observed to be in general superior to those of foreign strains. Inoculation with the local Strain No. 19, 73, and 82 increased total biomass by 18.7, 18.1, and 19.9%; grain yield by 18.6, 17.7, and 18.0%; total N-yield by 27.5, 24.3 and 26.0%, respectively, as compared to control. In conclusion, Strain No. 19, 73, and 82 can be a suitable biofertilizer for spring wheat cultivation in areas with similar conditions as in Erzurum. Inoculation with these strains may lead both to increases in wheat yield and savings of nitrogen fertilizer.

scholarly journals Linkages between soil carbon, soil fertility and nitrogen fixation in Acacia senegal plantations of varying age in Sudan

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa E. Abaker ◽  
Frank Berninger ◽  
Gustavo Saiz ◽  
Jukka Pumpanen ◽  
Mike Starr
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Total N ◽  
C:N:P Stoichiometry ◽  
Sahel Region

Background Over the last decades sub-Saharan Africa has experienced severe land degradation and food security challenges linked to loss of soil fertility and soil organic matter (SOM), recurrent drought and increasing population. Although primary production in drylands is strictly limited by water availability, nutrient deficiencies, particularly of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), are also considered limiting factors for plant growth. It is known that SOM (often measured as soil organic carbon (SOC)) is a key indicator of soil fertility, therefore, management practices that increase SOM contents, such as increasing tree cover, can be expected to improve soil fertility. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of Acacia senegal (Senegalia senegal) trees on soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (K) in relation to SOC, the potential of A. senegal for N2 fixation, and to identify possible N and P ecosystem limitations. Methods Soil nutrient (total N, P, K and available P and exchangeable K) concentrations and stocks were determined for the 0–10, 10–20,20–30 and 30–50 cm layers of A. senegal plantations of varying age (ranging from 7 to 24-years-old) and adjacent grasslands (reference) at two sites in semi-arid areas of Sudan. At both sites, three plots were established in each grassland and plantation. The potential of A. senegal for N2 fixation in relation to plantations age was assessed using δ15N isotopic abundances and nutrient limitations assessed using C:N:P stoichiometry. Results Soil concentrations of all studied nutrients were relatively low but were significantly and directly correlated to SOC concentrations. SOC and nutrient concentrations were the highest in the topsoil (0–10 cm) and increased with plantations age. Acacia foliage δ15N values were >6‰ and varied little with plantations age. Soil C:N and C:P ratios did not differ between grassland and plantations and only 0–10 cm layer N:P ratios showed significant differences between grassland and plantations. Discussion The results indicated that soil fertility in the Sahel region is strongly related to SOM contents and therefore highlighting the importance of trees in the landscape. The higher mineral nutrient concentrations in the topsoil of the plantations may be an indication of ‘nutrient uplift’ by the deeper roots. The high foliar δ15N values indicated that N2 fixation was not an important contributor to soil N contents in the plantations. The accretion of soil N cannot be explained by deposition but may be related to inputs of excreted N brought into the area annually by grazing and browsing animals. The soil C:N:P stoichiometry indicated that the plantations may be limited by P and the grasslands limited by N.

scholarly journals Effects of boron and vermicompost on growth, yield and nutrient content of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
KS Nawrin ◽  
MJ Uddin ◽  
AHMZ Ali ◽  
MK Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Total P

The effects of boron (B) and vermicompost (VC) on growth and yield of Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) and nutrient accumulation in its fruits was examined. The highest plant height (22 cm), leaf number per plant (73), leaf area (502.53 cm2/plant), dry weight (22.27g/plant), fruit length (8.97cm), fruit number per plant (6), fruit yield (11.76 g/plant) were recorded in B0.5 kg/ha + VC5 ton/ha at harvest. The results of growth and yield of Chilli varied significantly (p<0.05) and increased with time. The total nutrient concentrations in the fruits were measured and varied significantly (p<0.05). The highest concentration of total P (0.028 %), K (2.50%), S (0.20 %), Cu (8.0 mg/kg), Fe (410 mg/kg) and Mn (0.80 mg/kg) in the fruit were observed in B0.5 kg/ha +VC5 ton/ha treatment and total N (0.41 %) and Zn (3.50 mg/kg) were found in B1.5 kg/ha + VC5 ton/ha treatment. The overall best growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in the fruits of Chilli was achieved in B0.5 kg/ha + VC5 t/ha treatment. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(1): 31-36

scholarly journals Effects of copper and vermicompost on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Walp and nutrient accumulation in its fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
AT Sharif ◽  
AHMZ Ali ◽  
MK Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total P

The effects of copper (Cu) and vermicompost (VC) on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Walp and nutrient accumulation in its fruits was examined. Eight treatments of Cu and VC were used. The highest plant height (226.67 cm), leaf number per plant (86.33), leaf area (174.12 cm2/plant), dry weight (13.98 g/plant), fruit length (52.4 cm), fruit number per plant (6), and fruit yield (5.65 g/plant) were recorded in Cu0.5 kg/ha + VC5 ton/ha treatment at harvest. The results of growth and yield of cowpea varied significantly (p≤ 0.05) and increased with time. The total nutrient concentrations in the fruits were measured and varied significantly (p≤ 0.05). The highest concentration of total P (0.79%), K (4.14%), S (0.42%), Cu (27 mg/kg), Fe (640 mg/kg) and Mn (59 mg/kg) in the fruits were observed in Cu0.5 kg/ha + VC5 ton/ha treatment and total N (4.29%) and Zn (88 mg/kg) were found in Cu1.5 kg/ha + VC5 ton/ha treatment. The overall best growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in the fruits of cowpea were achieved in Cu0.5 kg/ha + VC5 treatment. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 13-18

scholarly journals Evaluating cassava best management practices towards low fertility soil in West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
Nuning A. Subekti ◽  
Oky Dwi Purwanto ◽  
Endang Y. Purwani ◽  
Abdullah Taufiq ◽  
Rizky P. Ramadhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Best Management

Abstract Marginal land with low fertility is a major problem in cassava cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the best combination of fertilization to increase the growth and yield of cassava on an Inceptisols soil. Urea (46% N), SP-36 (36% P2O5), KCl (60% K2O), NPK Phonska (15% N:15% P2O5:15% K2O), Poly4 Sirius (14% K2O:17% CaO:6% MgO: 19% S), and chicken manure were used as a nutrient source into six treatment combinations. The results showed that fertilizer application significantly affected the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, diameter of tubers, the total number of tubers, number and weight of marketable tubers, and the total weight of tubers per plant. The highest fresh and dry weight of storage roots was achieved in the best management practice involving application of 138 kg N + 36 kg P2O5 + 60 kg K2O + 37 kg Ca + 13 kg Mg + 41 kg S per hectare compared to other treatments where the weight of marketable tubers was also higher. The right combination of fertilizer rates was needed to achieve high yield targets of cassava and depends on the site- specific conditions of soil fertility and nutrient status.

scholarly journals Potential Liquid Fertilizer Made from Goat Feces to Improve Vegetable Product

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacobus Sunaryo ◽  
Maria Theresia Darini ◽  
Vita Ratri Cahyani ◽  
Djoko Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total N ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nutrients Availability ◽  
Vegetable Product ◽  
Leaf Vegetables

This study was carried out to examine the production of liquid fertilizer made from goat feces (LFGF) as well as the potency of LFGF for increasing plant growth and yield of vegetables. The study was conducted through 3 studies. The first study was begun with compiling a formulation for LFGF. The selected-raw-material was goat feces added with sugar and ZA, as well as EM (Lactobacillus sp., Actinomycetes sp., Streptomyces sp. and Yeast). The experimental results indicated that an increase in the concentration of ZA resulted in an increase in the total N and S content, as well as an increase EC of LFGF. Increased sugar concentration results in a decrease in pH and an increase in lactic acid content, whereas an increase in ZA decreases the formation of acetic acid. The use of sugar 25 g L−1 water and ZA 50 g L−1 water could produce the best quality of LFGF. The second study was to examine the selected LFGF combined with AB-Mix nutrient solution on the growth and yield of three types of leaf vegetables which were cultivated hydroponically. The results indicated that LFGF can potentially replace AB-Mix fertilizer by up to 50% in hydroponic vegetable cultivation. The third study was to examine the selected LFGF as nutrients availability of mustard that was cultivated in pots, given through planting media with a concentration of 1:40 L−1 water (EC 2300 μS cm−1). It shows that LFGF has the potential to increase the growth and yield of mustard plants in pots.

Eutrophication of agricultural streams: defining nutrient concentrations to protect ecological condition

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2203-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Chambers ◽  
C. Vis ◽  
R. B. Brua ◽  
M. Guy ◽  
J. M. Culp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Total N ◽  
Beneficial Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Streams ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Total P

Inputs of nutrients (phosphorus, P, and nitrogen, N) to coastal and fresh waters can accelerate eutrophication, resulting in excessive aquatic plant growth, depletion of oxygen, and deleterious changes in abundance and diversity of organisms. Using long-term (∼1995–2005) monitoring data from agriculturally-dominated watersheds in southern Ontario and Quebec, Canada, we developed and tested several approaches for setting targets for N and P. Our research showed that it is possible to set scientifically-credible targets for total P and total N to protect ecological condition of streams in agricultural landscapes, and define achievable targets attainable following adoption of beneficial management practices.

Mental representation of economic crisis in Italian and Swiss samples 1The authors would like to thank Maurizio Mistri for his help in the construction of items. This research was supported by a grant from the Italian Murst (ex 40%).

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Savadori ◽  
Eraldo Nicotra ◽  
Rino Rumiati ◽  
Roberto Tamborini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Context ◽  
Cluster Procedure ◽  
Total N ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Important Symptom

The content and structure of mental representation of economic crises were studied and the flexibility of the structure in different social contexts was tested. Italian and Swiss samples (Total N = 98) were compared with respect to their judgments as to how a series of concrete examples of events representing abstract indicators were relevant symptoms of economic crisis. Mental representations were derived using a cluster procedure. Results showed that the relevance of the indicators varied as a function of national context. The growth of unemployment was judged to be by far the most important symptom of an economic crisis but the Swiss sample judged bankruptcies as more symptomatic than Italians who considered inflation, raw material prices and external accounts to be more relevant. A different clustering structure was found for the two samples: the locations of unemployment and gross domestic production indicators were the main differences in representations.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document