scholarly journals Evaluation of Crossability between Nicotiana benthamiana and Nicotiana excelsior

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2583
Author(s):  
Takahiro Tezuka ◽  
Naoto Kitamura ◽  
Masanori Yanase ◽  
Toshinobu Morikawa
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Seed Abortion ◽  
Hybrid Lethality ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reciprocal Hybrids ◽  
Female Hybrid ◽  
Bridge Crossing ◽  
Chromosome Bridges ◽  
High Degree

Wild tobacco species in the Nicotiana section Suaveolentes are promising genetic resources to introduce their disease resistance to cultivated tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum. However, hybrid lethality is observed in hybrid seedlings from crosses between most Suaveolentes species and N. tabacum. In particular, N. benthamiana belonging to the section Suaveolentes produces only viable hybrids after crossing with N. tabacum. In the present study, crossability between N. benthamiana and N. excelsior (section Suaveolentes) was investigated to test the possible usefulness of N. benthamiana as the bridge parent to transfer desirable genes of N. excelsior to N. tabacum via bridge crossing. After reciprocal crosses using three accessions of N. benthamiana and N. excelsior each, several crossing barriers such as cross-incompatibility, seed abortion, and male and female hybrid sterility were observed. Although reciprocal hybrids between N. benthamiana and N. excelsior showed a high degree of chromosome pairing in meiosis, univalents and multivalents, as well as chromosome bridges and lagging chromosomes, were observed. These meiotic abnormalities were thought to cause hybrid sterility. The possible usefulness of reciprocal hybrids between N. benthamiana and N. excelsior is discussed.

scholarly journals Motives and Obstacles of Using Internet as A Source for Learning By The Students of Human Sciences at the World Islamic Science & Education University( WISE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bader Alyousef
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
University Courses ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Science ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Use Of Internet

<p>The study aimed at revealing the motives and the obstacles of using internet as a source of<br />learning by the human colleges at WISE. And to achieve the study’s goals , a questionnaire<br />was developed consisting of 40 items; 20 items addressed motives of using internet as source<br />of learning and other 20 items addressed obstacles of using internet as a source of learning .<br />The sample of the study which consisted of 520 male and female students was selected<br />randomly in the second semester for 2012/2013. After data were collected, they were<br />analyzed using descriptive methods, t-test and ANOVA. Results showed the motives of using<br />internet ranged from high degree to moderate. The degrees of obstacles facing using internet<br />were moderate.<br />The researcher recommended the necessity of activating the students’ use of internet with<br />their teachers’ guidance, facilitating the use of internet by increasing the number of computer<br />labs and supervisors, in addition to provide flexible and easy electronic programs for studying<br />university courses.</p>

Evaluational Reactions to Erotic Literature

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon A. Jakobovits
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Erotic Literature ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

On the basis of analysis of a variety of erotic literature Kronhausen and Kronhausen (1959) have suggested that there seem to be two general types: erotic realism ( ER) and hard-core obscenity ( O). Using three of the distinguishing criteria which were identified (context, exaggeration, and anti-eroticism), 20 short stories were specifically written in such a way that 10 had the characteristics of ER and the others had the characteristics of O. Study I showed a very high degree of agreement between judges in their classification of these stories as either ER or O. Study II revealed that male and female readers react differentially to the two types of stories. Females consistently rate O as more interesting and sexually stimulating than males do, the latter finding ER as more arousing than O. Other evaluational reactions are also described. A “warm-up” cumulative effect with successive reading was found with both sexes. The possibility of sampling bias affecting the data was noted.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Distance Learning Experience During the Corona Pandemic Using the Multiple Decision Model (CIPP) - Field Study on Students of Saudi Universities-: تقويم تجربة التعليم عن بعد في ضوء جائحة كورونا باستخدام نموذج القرارات المتعددة (CIPP) – دراسة ميدانية على طلبة الجامعات السعودية-

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Hoshan Al-Hoshan
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Financial Need ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The study aimed to evaluate the distance learning during the Corona pandemic using the Multiple Decision Model (CIPP), through evaluating the context, inputs, processes and outputs of the experience from the viewpoint of male and female students at the undergraduate level in Saudi universities. To achieve the goals of the study, the descriptive survey approach was used, and the questionnaire as a study tool that consisted of (22) phrases divided into four axes (context, inputs, processes, outputs). It was applied to a simple random sample consisting of (502) male and female students in the study population which included all male and female students of the public universities in the Riyadh region, who numbered (184, 035). The study found that the input axis was the highest achieved with a high degree (3.52), followed by the outputs with a medium degree (3.39), operations with a medium degree (3.26) and assessing the context with an average degree (3.23). A number of recommendations were given, the most important of which was developing the infrastructure and academic accreditation for distance education programs, and providing support students in financial need.

The Degree of Islamic Education Teachers' Commitment for the Teaching Career Ethics from the School Principals' Viewpoint in Jerash Governorate: درجة التزام معلمي التربية الإسلامية بأخلاقيات مهنة التعليم من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس في محافظة جرش

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (28) ◽  
pp. 38-24
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ahmoud Al-Harahsheh Ahmad Ahmoud Al-Harahsheh
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Teaching Career ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to recognise "The Degree of Islamic Education Teachers' Commitment for the Teaching Career ethics from the School Principals' Viewpoint in Jerash Governorate. The researcher uses the analytical method. The sample is 80 male and female school principals who are chosen randomly. The questionnaire consists of 54 paragraphs divided into four fields. These fields are the relationship between Islamic Education Teachers and their career (paragraphs 1_14), their relationship with their students (paragraphs 15_30), their relationship with their colleagues (paragraphs 31_44), and the fourth field is the relationship between Islamic Education Teachers and the local society (paragraphs 45_54), The study finds that "The Degree of Islamic Education Teachers' Commitment for the Teaching Career Ethics from the School Principals' Viewpoint in Jerash Governorate" comes generally with high degree. The average of the fields come in the following ascending order: the relationship between Islamic Education Teachers and local society, their career, their students, their colleagues. Also, the results show there are no differences with statistical evidence in their degree of commitment for teaching career ethics according to gender, level of education, experience or the type of university. The study recommends to hold courses and workshops for teachers, school principals and supervisors to enlighten them with the importance of the commitment of teaching career ethics. In addition, it recommends to prepare an ethical charter for new teachers to follow it from the beginning of their work.

The Vengeful Lioness in Greek Tragedy: A Posthumanist Perspective1

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-220
Author(s):  
Alessandra Abbattista
Keyword(s):  
Greek Tragedy ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Hybrid Nature ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Female Hybrid

This chapter reinterprets the animal metaphors used in ancient Greek tragedy to describe revenging women from a posthumanist perspective. Whereas critics have commonly regarded such metaphors as indicating the female revenger’s inhuman savagery and otherness (whereby a woman’s attempt to assume a male heroic role transforms her instead into a monstrous beast), posthumanism challenges conventional distinctions between animal and human, male and female. Drawing on the work of Rosi Braidotti, it argues that female revengers similarly challenge these distinctions. The metaphorical metamorphosis of Aeschylus’ Clytemnestra and Euripides’ Medea into lionesses reveals their complex figuration as male-female hybrid beings, recalling the tragic suffering and protective violence of the Homeric lion within a new context of interfamilial conflicts. These transformations engender terror but also compassion, evoking new ways of conceptualising humans-as-animals that invite recognition of our own unstable and hybrid nature.

Studies on the behaviour on the South Ausralian fur seal, Arctocephalus forsteri (Lesson) II. Adult females and pups

1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Specific Behaviour ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
O 47 ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Regular Patterns

A. forsteri pups were all weaned by 1 year old and were then totally absent from the island during the breeding season. The recorded intervals, for three tagged females, between apparent weaning of one pup and birth of the next were 29, 40, and 60 days. Some females became infested with barnacles during the period of feeding at sea prior to parturition. Adult females showed a high degree of fidelity to specific breeding colonies. Little specific behaviour, other than restlessness, preceded birth. Five observed births took from 5 sec to 4 min. Pups could swim when born. Male and female newborn pups weighed 4.41 =0.60 and 4.11 +O.47 kg respectively; the sex ratio was not significantly different from unity. Pups stayed with their mothers at a specific location for the first few days, after which the females began to feed at sea and the pups began to associate with each other. Females had not established regular patterns of presence and absence in the pupping colony by early February, but did so by late April. Females did not defend even newborn pups from approaching humans.

scholarly journals The genetics of postzygotic isolation in the Drosophila virilis group.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Orr ◽  
J A Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Drosophila Virilis ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Postzygotic Isolation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Virilis Group ◽  
Drosophila Virilis Group

Abstract In a genetic study of postzygotic reproductive isolation among species of the Drosophila virilis group, we find that the X chromosome has the largest effect on male and female hybrid sterility and inviability. The X alone has a discernible effect on postzygotic isolation between closely related species. Hybridizations involving more distantly related species also show large X-effects, although the autosomes may also play a role. In the only hybridization yet subjected to such analysis, we show that hybrid male and female sterility result from the action of different X-linked loci. Our results accord with genetic studies of other taxa, and support the view that both Haldane's rule (heterogametic F1 sterility or inviability) and the large effect of the X chromosome on reproductive isolation result from the accumulation by natural selection of partially recessive or underdominant mutations. We also describe a method that allows genetic analysis of reproductive isolation between species that produce completely sterile or inviable hybrids. Such species pairs, which represent the final stage of speciation, cannot be analyzed by traditional methods. The X chromosome also plays an important role in postzygotic isolation between these species.

scholarly journals VARIATION OF THE EXTERIOR IN THE BULGARIAN SCREW-HORNED LONGHAIRED GOAT FROM TWO DISTRIBUTION AREAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
A. Vuchkov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Western Border ◽  
High Degree

The Bulgarian Screw-horned longhaired goat is a local breed, distributed in the mountainous regions of Bulgaria. The largest compact herds with preserved breed type of the animals are differentiated into two main habitats. I. The region of Southwestern Bulgaria - mainly in the southern and western border mountains of the Blagoevgrad region (the slopes of Southern Pirin, Slavyanka, Ograzhden, Malashevska mountains). II. The region of Western Stara Planina (settlements along the northern slopes) - mainly the Vratsa and Teteven regions. Exactly from these two areas (Teteven region and settlements in the border regions of Blagoevgrad region) in the 1968 year Professor Altman selects animals for conservation work with this breed in the GDR (1). Initial monitoring of the population shows some variation in the exterior signs of specimens in the two native distribution areas. This requires a detailed study and comparative analysis of the exterior in specimens from the respective areas. For the purposes of the study, complete measurements and descriptions of the exterior were performed in 50 goats and 20 bucks, respectively, from each areal. The Bulgarian Screw-horned longhaired goat from the area of Northwestern Stara Planina was larger and more massive than the animals from the area of Southwestern Bulgaria. The heigh at withers for the goats from the Vratsa region was 74.42 cm and 66.06 cm in goats from the Sandanski region. This sign in the bucks also shows a difference of almost 10 cm - 83.75 and 72.45, respectively for male animals from the two regions. The differences were proven with a high degree of probability. The goats from the area of ​​Northwestern Stara Planina has a longer and broader head, the ears were proven to be longer, than in the animals from Southwestern Bulgaria. The horns of both male and female specimens from the Vratsa region were extremely rough and massive. The differences were proven with a high degree of probability.

Sex Differences and Attitudes towards Permanent Part-time Work in Education

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-74
Author(s):  
Jack M. Wood ◽  
Joan A. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Time Basis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Part Time Work

The typical stereotype of the part-time teacher is that they are: married females who are currently employed as casual teachers, without job security; married females employed on a full-time basis wishing to work on a part-time basis; or unemployed married females seeking to enter teaching who are unable to obtain full-time teaching positions. The composition of the part-time workforce is diversifying away from this stereotype in many fields. Many single and married males now express a preference to work on a permanent part-time basis. This study examined the comparative perceptions of a random sample of male and female primary teachers regarding the costs and benefits that would be associated with the introduction of permanent part-time teaching (PPTT). The most important finding was the high degree of support for PPTT among male primary teachers. These findings challenge the widely held stereotype that only females want to work on a PPTT basis. Such results also demonstrate the magnitude of social and economic change that is occurring in education labour markets.

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