scholarly journals Impact of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Administered in ovo on the Immune Response against Experimental Antigens in Chicken Broilers

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Stefaniak ◽  
Jan P. Madej ◽  
Stanisław Graczyk ◽  
Maria Siwek ◽  
Ewa Łukaszewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Air Chamber

The effect of the in ovo application of selected prebiotics and synbiotics on the humoral immune response against T-dependent (SRBC) and T-independent (dextran) antigens and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to phytohemagglutinin was studied. On the 12th day of incubation, 800 eggs (Ross 308) were divided into five groups and injected into the egg air chamber with prebiotic inulin (Pre1), Bi2tos (Pre2), a synbiotic composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1), a synbiotic composed of Bi2tos and L. lactis subsp. cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2), and physiological saline (control group; C). The chickens were immunized twice at the 7th and 21st day of life with SRBC and dextran. A DTH test was performed on the 7th, 21st, and 35th day. The application of prebiotics and synbiotics had no significant effect on the humoral immune response. SRBC-immunized in ovo Pre1- and Pre2-treated chickens showed significantly higher serum IgG levels than the control. A significant effect on the DTH reaction was detected on the 7th (Pre1 < C) and 21st (Pre2 > Syn2) day. However; Bi2tos may transiently stimulate the cellular immune response on the 21st day. It may be concluded that the application of inulin in an egg air chamber on the 12th day of incubation may stimulate the secondary immune response. The inulin-treated group exhibited a lower mortality rate than the control group.

scholarly journals Systemic COVID-19 vaccination also enhances the humoral immune response after SARS CoV-2 infection in the population of an oncology hospital in Poland. Criteria for COVID-19 re-immunization are needed.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kosiorek ◽  
Dorota Kazberuk ◽  
Anna Hryniewicz ◽  
Robert Milewski ◽  
Samuel Stróż ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Hospital Laboratory ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay

Abstract Systemic vaccination of the BNT162b2 mRNA stimulates humoral response. Our study aimed to compare the intensity of humoral immune response, measured by SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralization S-RBD IgG antibodies level, post COVID-19 vaccination versus post-SARS COV-2 infection. We analysed 1060 people in the following groups: convalescents, healthy vaccinated, vaccinated with COMIRNATY, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, and vaccinated SARS CoV-2 convalescents. A concentration of SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralizing S-RBD IgG was estimated in hospital laboratory by chemiluminescent immunoassay - CLIA, MAGLUMI. Results: 1. We observed a rise of antibodies response in both convalescent SARS CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccinated groups 2. The level of all antibodies’ concentrations in vaccinated COVID-19 convalescents was significantly higher. 3. We differentiated asymptomatic SARS CoV-2 convalescents from the control group. Based on our analysis, we suggest that it is essential to monitor SARS CoV-2 antibodies concentrations as an indicator of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection and equivalent to the effectiveness of humoral response in convalescents and vaccinated people. Considering the time-limited nature of the effects of post-infection SARS CoV-2 recovery or vaccination, among others physiological half-life, we suggested monitoring IgG antibodies level as a criterium for the next vaccination.

scholarly journals Differences in systemic humoral immune response among Balb/c mice administered with probiotic, LPS Escherichia coli, and probiotic-LPS E. coli

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurniawan Taufiq Kadafi ◽  
Satrio Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the systemic humoral immune responses, including IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM levels in Balb/c mice administered a probiotic, LPS derived from Escherichia coli (E.coli), and probiot- ic-LPS derived from E. coli. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Balb/c mice, 10-12 weeks of age with body weight ranging from 30-40 g were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=8). The treatment regimens were as follows: Group 1, mice did not receive LPS or probiotic (control group); Group 2, mice received only LPS on the first day; Group 3, mice received probi- otic for 7 days; Group 4, mice received LPS on the first day, and then continued, with probiotic for 7 days. The mice were observed for 8 days, and then, euthanized the next day (day 9). The serum was collected, and the levels of IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM were measured using ELISA. Results: The humoral immune response was higher in the presence of a probiotic compared to that in the control; IgE (9.02 ± 0.58 units/ml, p=0.000), IgA (3.26 ± 0.99 units/ml, p=0.316), IgG (7.29 ± 0.24 units/ml, p=0.000), and IgM (4.01 ± 2.98 units/ml, p=0.505). When administered with LPS E. coli along with probiotic, the humoral immune response was the highest; IgE (10.68 ± 1.63 units/ml, p=0.000), IgA (8.34 ± 1.47 units/ml, p=0.000), IgG (9.96 ± 0.98 units/ml, p=0.000), and IgM (4.31 ± 1.05 units/ml, p=0.319) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Probiotic-LPS derived from E. coli treatment induced a higher humoral immune response (highest IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM levels) compared to treatment with probiotic only.

scholarly journals Humoral immune response of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis sonicated antigens in rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0E) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Ekram A. Al-Samarrae
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
The Third ◽  
Infected Goat

Salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis were isolated from infected goat andprepared an antigens of whole cell sonicated antigen of S.typhimurium(WCS.Ag.S.typhimurium ),whole cell sonicated antigen of S.enteritidis (WCS.Ag.S.entertidis) and combination of whole cell sonicated antigen (Salmonella typhimurium andSalmonella enteritidis) (CWS.Ag) . Their efficacy was evaluated by using tube agglutinationtest and enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Twenty rabbits were randomlydivided into four groups; the 1st group was immunized by WCS. Ag - Salmonella enteritidis,2nd group immunized by (WCS Ags .typhimurium), 3rd group immunized by CWCS.Agcompound and 4th left as control group which injected by physiological buffer saline (pH7.2). The antibody titer was increased in after the day 12, first, second and third months ofimmunization by agglutination test. IgG concentration was done by ELISA at the same time;which were recorded a higher significant differences (p˂ 0.01) at the first month in the groupimmunized by CWS Ag (449.65 ±38.6 1ng/ml IgG and 952± 20.85 antibodies titer )compared with other immunized groups ( WCS – Ag – S. enteritidis andWCS.Ag.S.typhimurium ). Also, the IgG concentration and antibodies titer are still higher inthe second and the third months in the immunized group by CWCS.Ag. 218.90± 6.69ng/ml,528± 68.58 and 89.55± 2.63ng/ml, 280± 49.98 respectively with significant differences (p˂0.01) compared with the immunized groups (WCS.Ag.S. entertidis and WCS. Ag.S.typhimurium) and also, they are significant (p˂ 0.01) when compared with the control groupResearch

scholarly journals Systemic COVID-19 vaccination also enhances the humoral immune response after SARS CoV-2 infection in the population of an oncology hospital in Poland. Criteria for COVID-19 re-immunization are needed.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kosiorek ◽  
Dorota Kazberuk ◽  
Anna Hryniewicz ◽  
Robert Milewski ◽  
Samuel Stróż ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽  
Oncology Center

Abstract Systemic vaccination of the BNT162b2 mRNA stimulates humoral response. The aim of our study was to compare the intensity of humoral immune response, measured by SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralization S-RBD IgG antibodies level, post COVID-19 vaccination versus post SARS COV-2 infection. We analysed 1060 people in the following groups: convalescents, healthy vaccinated, vaccinated with COMIRNATY, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Johnson&Johnson and vaccinated SARS CoV-2 convalescents. A concentration of SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralizing S-RBD IgG was estimated in Bialystok Oncology Center laboratory by chemiluminescent immunoassay- CLIA, MAGLUMI. Results: 1. We observed a raise of antibodies response in both, convalescent SARS CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccinated groups 2. The level of all antibodies’ concentrations in vaccinated COVID-19 convalescents was significantly higher. 3. We differentiated an asymptomatic SARS CoV-2 convalescents from control group. Based on our analysis we suggest that it is important to monitor SARS CoV-2 antibodies concentrations as an indicator of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, and as an equivalent of effectiveness of humoral response in convalescents and vaccinated people. Taking into consideration the time-limited nature of the effects of post infection SARS CoV-2 recovery or vaccination, among others physiological half-life, we suggested monitoring IgG antibodies level as a criterium for next vaccination.

scholarly journals Systemic COVID-19 vaccination also enhances the humoral immune response after SARS CoV-2 infection. An approach to criteria for COVID-19 re-immunization is needed. Do we need a third dose?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kosiorek ◽  
Dorota Kazberuk ◽  
Anna Hryniewicz ◽  
Robert Milewski ◽  
Samuel Stróż ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Chemiluminescent Immunoassay ◽  
Oncology Center

Abstract Systemic vaccination of the BNT162b2 mRNA stimulates humoral response. The aim of our study was to compare the intensity of humoral immune response, measured by SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralization S-RBD IgG antibodies level, post COVID-19 vaccination versus post SARS COV-2 infection. We analysed 1060 people in the following groups: convalescents, healthy vaccinated, vaccinated with COMIRNATY, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Johnson&Johnson and vaccinated SARS CoV-2 convalescents. A concentration of SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralizing S-RBD IgG was estimated in Bialystok Oncology Center laboratory by chemiluminescent immunoassay- CLIA, MAGLUMI. Results: 1. We observed a raise of antibodies response in both, convalescent SARS CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccinated groups 2. The level of all antibodies’ concentrations in vaccinated COVID-19 convalescents was significantly higher. 3. We differentiated an asymptomatic SARS CoV-2 convalescents from control group. Based on our analysis we suggest that it is important to monitor SARS CoV-2 antibodies concentrations as an indicator of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, and as an equivalent of effectiveness of humoral response in convalescents and vaccinated people. Taking into consideration the time-limited nature of the effects of post infection SARS CoV-2 recovery or vaccination, among others physiological half-life, we suggested monitoring IgG antibodies level as a criterium for next vaccination.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Passive Immunity Induced by Immunisation Using Two Inactivated gE-deleted Marker Vaccines against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) in Calves

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Stefano Petrini ◽  
Cecilia Righi ◽  
Carmen Iscaro ◽  
Giulio Viola ◽  
Paola Gobbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Glycoprotein E ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Newborn Calves

Different types of vaccines against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) are commercially available. Among these, inactivated glycoprotein E (gE)-deleted marker vaccines are commonly used, but their ability to induce passive immunity is poorly known. Here, we evaluated the passive immunity transferred from dams immunised with commercial inactivated gE-deleted marker vaccines to calves. We vaccinated 12 pregnant cattle devoid of neutralising antibodies against Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and divided them into two groups with 6 animals each. Both groups were injected with a different inactivated gE-deleted marker vaccine administrated via intranasal or intramuscular routes. An additional 6 pregnant cattle served as the unvaccinated control group. After calving, the number of animals in each group was increased by the newborn calves. In the dams, the humoral immune response was evaluated before calving and, subsequently, at different times until post-calving day 180 (PCD180). In addition, the antibodies in colostrum, milk, and in serum samples from newborn calves were evaluated at different times until PCD180. The results indicated that inactivated glycoprotein E (gE)-deleted marker vaccines are safe and produce a good humoral immune response in pregnant cattle until calving and PCD180. Moreover, results showed that, in calf serum, passive immunity persists until PCD180.

Circulating MUC1 Levels (CA15.3) in Myeloproliferative Disorders (MPD)

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 5237-5237
Author(s):  
Aurelia Rughetti ◽  
Angelo Fama ◽  
Silvia von Mensdorff-Pouilly ◽  
Federica Taurino ◽  
Hassan Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Apoptosis Resistance ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ca 15.3 ◽  
Humoral Immune

Abstract MUC1 is a glycoprotein expressed on the luminal surface of simple epithelia. In carcinoma, MUC1 overexpression is associated with malignancy. In breast cancer patients, increased levels of circulating MUC1 (CA 15.3 tumor marker) are associated with poor prognosis (Tumour Biol.2005; 26:217–20). In myeloma, MUC1 overexpression correlates with apoptosis resistance. We have previously shown (Br J Haematol.2003; 120:344–52) that MUC1 is selectively found in differentiating erythroid cells suggesting a possible role as cross-talk molecule between erythroblasts and bone marrow microenvironment during erythropoiesis. In CD34+ cells cultured in the presence of EPO and SCF, MUC1 is expressed before Glycophorin A (GlyA) during the erythroid differentiation process, and disappears following GlyA up-regulation. Aiming to evaluate the role of MUC1 in the erythroid counterpart present in neoplastic haemopoiesis, we studied MUC1 serum circulating levels in patients affected by Ph-negative Myeloproliferative Chronic Disorders (MPD). We analysed serum samples from 42 MPD patients affected by Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF) (N 25, 14, and 3, respectively). CA15.3 (soluble MUC1) levels were determined using the commercially available ADVIA Centaur CA 15.3 assay (Bayer Corporation, NY) and cut off level was set at 25 U/mL. As control group serum samples from healthy donors, matched for sex and age, were also analyzed. Evaluation of the humoral immune response to MUC1 protein core was performed in ELISA. Results indicated that CA15.3 levels were statistically higher in MPD patients than in the control group (p&lt;0.005), this difference was more evident in PV patients (p&lt;0.001) and in female cases (p&lt;0.001). The JAK2V617F mutation status was not associated with CA15.3 values; similarly, neither the clinical or hematological features nor the clinical complications (thrombosis) were influenced byCA15.3 levels. Analysis of the humoral immune response to MUC1 core protein showed no substantial changes in serum anti-MUC1 IgG titers in PV patients, suggesting that in PV increase of soluble MUC1 does not induce immune responses against this self-antigen. Further studies are ongoing to investigate the significance of MUC1 in the development and onset of myeloproliferative disorders. In conclusion, MUC1 levels seem to be increased in PV patients, suggesting that further evaluations on large series of cases should include this test in the diagnostic work-up to PV patients.

scholarly journals Humoral immune response in beef heifers supplemented with mineral salt with or without the addition of rumen-protected methionine

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3057
Author(s):  
Matheus Gomes Lopes ◽  
José Henrique Echenique Dominguez ◽  
Cristina Mendes Peter ◽  
Ederson Santos ◽  
Paula Almeida Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Mineral Supplementation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the humoral immune response in beef heifers supplemented with mineral supplementation with or without the addition of rumen-protected methionine. Forty-eight Brangus nulliparous heifers were distributed into four experimental groups with three replications each: control group without supplementation and without vaccination (CG01), control group without supplementation and with vaccination (CG02), treatment group with mineral supplementation and vaccination (TG01), and treatment group with mineral supplementation added with protected methionine and vaccination (TG02). The animals were maintained under native pasture with access to water ad libitum and the supplementation was available in high-consumption covered troughs. A supplementation period of 60 days prior to vaccinations was adopted until the first dose of a monovalent experimental vaccine inactivated for BoHV-5 was applied as a method of stimulating the immune response to evaluate the supplementation effects. After a 21-day interval, blood samples were collected to evaluate the humoral response and the second vaccine booster dose was applied following the 21-day interval for new blood samples in order to evaluate the immune response against the two-vaccination protocol. From the beginning of the experiment, the animals were weighed on the days ?60, ?10, 0, 21, and 42 in relation to the vaccine protocol. The experimental groups did not differ for body weight, mean daily weight gain, and body condition score after 102 days of supplementation regardless of the treatment. No animals belonging to CG01 seroconverted throughout the experiment, proving that there was no introduction of the agent (BoHV) in the studied area. When vaccinated animals were compared to the CG01 control group, statistically higher levels of neutralizing antibodies (P ? 0.0001) and IgG (P ? 0.0001) were verified 21 days after the second vaccine dose. Among the animals of the three vaccinated groups, there was no difference in seroconversion and IgG production. Therefore, no benefits of mineral supplementation or enriched with protected methionine were observed for the humoral immune response of the studied animals.

scholarly journals Humoral immune response and delayed-type hypersensitivity in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma equiperdum

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Di Febo ◽  
Ivanka Krasteva ◽  
Barbara Bonfini ◽  
Manuela Tittarelli ◽  
Osvaldo Matteucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Protein Extract ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Trypanosoma Equiperdum

Abstract Trypanosoma equiperdum is the causative agent of dourine, a parasitic venereal disease of equids. In this work, rabbits were infected with T. equiperdum strain OVI; serological tests (complement fixation test, ELISA and immunoblotting), used for the diagnosis of dourine in horses, were applied to study rabbit humoral immune response and to characterise T. equiperdum antigen pattern recognised by antibodies from infected rabbits. Moreover a protein extract of T. equiperdum strain OVI was produced and tested in skin tests on infected rabbits to detect the cell-mediated response induced by T. equiperdum, in order to evaluate its use in the field diagnosis of dourine. Sera of infected rabbits recognized in immunoblotting Trypanosoma protein bands with molecular weight below 37 kDa, providing a serological response comparable with that already observed in dourine infected horses. Moreover the trypanosome protein extract was capable to produce in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity (DHT Type IV) in rabbits and proved itself to be non-toxic and non-sensitizing.

scholarly journals Role of Humoral Mechanisms in Etiology of Lichen Planus

PRILOZI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
Mirjana Popovska ◽  
Kristina Mitik ◽  
Ladislava Grchevska ◽  
Aneta Atanasovska-Stojanovska ◽  
Biljana Kapushevska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Humoral Immune

AbstractAim: To examine the role of IgA, CIC and component C3 as indicators of humoral immune response in the etiopathogenesis of oral erosive lichen planus (OELP).Material and method: The study comprised 19 patients with OELP whose samples of blood, saliva and tissue were obtained after carefully taken medical history and clinical examination. Samples of oral mucosa were taken from the site of lesion, i.e. exclusively from buccal mucosa (1 cm in width and length), and from the deep epithelium as well as a segment from the lamina propria. Determination of immunoglobulins in serum and saliva, and determination of component C3, was done using the micro-elisa technique by Rook & Cameron, Engvall and Ulman. Determination of CIC in serum and mixed saliva was done with the PEG (polyethylene glycol) method. Determination of immunoglobulin A and component C3 in biopsy material was done with direct immunofluorescence.Results: Levels of immunoglobulin A in serum in OELP during exacerbation were decreased (1.04 ± 0.49 gr/l) and during remission increased (5.92 ± 0.62) in comparison with the control group (p < 0.001). Levels of CIC during exacerbation and remission were increased (p < 0.001), and component C3 levels were increased in both examined phases in the examined group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Deposits of IgA were registered in one (5.88%) patient with OELP and component C3 was registered in 3 (17.64%) patients.Conclusion: Changes in IgA values, as well as CIC and component C3, may correlate with changes in oral mucosa emphasizing the role of humoral immune response in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.

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