scholarly journals Pointing Out Some Issues Regarding Reproduction Management in Murciano-Granadina Goats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Nemesio Fernández ◽  
M. Carmen Beltrán ◽  
Gema Romero ◽  
M. Amparo Roca ◽  
Martín Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
Reproduction Management

Two of the most important problems in high-yielding dairy goat farms are early and accurate pregnancy diagnosis and the appropriate dry off of lactating does before the next kidding. The hypothesis posits that it could be possible to identify pregnant does through maximum progesterone milk levels at any time during the pregnancy, and that there is an optimal time to apply a lactation inhibitor to help dry off lactating does. Therefore, 114 Murciano-Granadina breed goats were used, from which 74 goats were inseminated at week 20 of lactation and samples of milk from pregnant and non-pregnant goats were taken at two-week intervals. The average maximum progesterone milk levels were higher outside the natural breeding season (40° latitude) than in the breeding season (11.6 ± 1.13 vs. 8.6 ± 1.02 ng/mL), although the levels from pregnant and non-pregnant goats were similar (10.85 ± 1.3 vs. 9.74 ± 1.6 ng/mL), except in the case of pregnancy with four foetuses (12.5 ± 1.3 ng/mL). Milk yield at mating does not affect fertility until a value of at least 3250 mL/day. Pregnancy started to affect milk yield up to the +7th week and was 59.9% lower in the +10th week after mating, so the use of lactation inhibitors could be more effective from this latter week. In conclusion, the results show that it is not possible to detect gestation in goats reliably through the maximum concentration of progesterone in milk at any time during lactation, except in the case of goats gestating four foetuses, that the milk yield of goats at mating does not affect fertility until a value of at least 3250 mL/day, and that from the 10th week post-mating, the application of lactation inhibitors would be optimal.

scholarly journals PSX-3 Antioxidant system characteristics in Saanen goats depending on performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 461-462
Author(s):  
Polina D Bokhan ◽  
Alesya A Bakhta ◽  
Larisa Y Karpenko ◽  
Anna I Kozitcyna ◽  
Anna B Balykina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
System Characteristics

Abstract Dairy goat breeding is widespread worldwide. Goat milk and other derivative products are an important part of nutrition. Dairy products are the most important part of goat breeding; therefore, lactation performance is a relevant issue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant system characteristics in Saanen goats depending on lactation performance. The experiment was conducted in the north-western region of Russian Federation, in the laboratories of the biochemistry and physiology departments at FSBEI of Higher Education «SPbSAVM». The three experimental groups included 30 Saanen goats each, 2nd–3rd lactations, selected using matched pairs method. 1st group included low milk producing ability goats (< 600 kg of milk yield per year), 2nd group included average milk producing ability goats (600–800 kg of milk yield per year), 3rd group included high milk producing ability goats (>800 kg of milk yield per year). The blood samples were taken once: at peak lactation performance (45 days after parturition). The blood levels of lipid peroxygenation markers (malondialdehyde, dienketone and conjugated dienes) and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were assessed by standard methods. Results presented as mean±standard error of the mean. Student’s t-test was used after proving normal distribution. Level of significance is labeled as P < 0.05. The results are displayed in table 1 and 2. After analyzing the received data of antioxidant system characteristics, we found a high intensity of free-radical oxidation in high milk producing ability goats. This results in oxidative stress development. Activity of anti-oxidizing enzymes was elevated; therefore, free-radical oxidation is intensive. Consequently, these data allow us to take into consideration exogenous anti-oxidizing agents administration in high milk producing ability goats in order to reduce oxidative stress.

Reasons for keeping dairy goats in Tanzania, and possible goals for a sustainable breeding program

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. C. Nziku ◽  
G. C. Kifaro ◽  
L. O. Eik ◽  
T. Steine ◽  
T. Ådnøy
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Breeding Goals ◽  
And Performance

This research aimed at describing reasons for keeping dairy goats in Tanzania, and possible goals for a sustainable breeding program. Three districts, each representing a unique dairy goat breed population, were selected for the study. The Saanen, Toggenburg and Norwegian were the main dairy goat breeds in Arumeru, Babati, and Mvomero districts, respectively. A total of 125 dairy goat farmers were interviewed. A holistic approach of both quantitative and qualitative research methods was used to study the perceptions of farmers. More milk yield, sale of breeding stock and manure were the highest ranked reasons for keeping dairy goats. The reasons were coherent to the production systems. The three most preferred traits for improvement were milk yield, adaptability and twinning ability. These preferences were absolutely important in the context of the referred production system. Selection of replacement stock, animal identification and performance recording were the main challenges emphasised by farmers. The present study views these challenges as a result of knowledge gaps in animal breeding that require solutions. Based on result findings it is suggested that the milk yield and survival traits should be the primary dairy goat breeding goals. Generally, there are possibilities for developing sustainable dairy goat breeding programs in the surveyed areas given relevant breeding goals are incorporated. The design of simple and manageable dairy goat breeding schemes is necessary.

Udder skin surface temperature variation pre- and post- milking in dairy cows as determined by infrared thermography

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhe Yang ◽  
Gan Li ◽  
Xiaojun Zhang ◽  
Xianhong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Significant Difference

The objectives of the research reported in this Research Communication were to compare the variation of hind quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking in dairy cows and to determine the optimal time to capture images by infrared thermography for improving the sensitivity and specificity of mastitis detection in dairy cows. Hind quarter infrared images of 102 Holstein dairy cows were captured from the caudal view by an infrared camera pre-milking and post-milking. The udder skin surface temperature was measured with the help of the image processing software. No significant difference was found between the left and right quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking. The hind quarter skin surface temperature pre-milking was not significantly influenced by milk yield, but exhibited a rising trend along with the increase of milk yield. The hind quarter skin surface temperature post-milking was significantly influenced by milk yield. This leads us to conclude that the sensitivity and specificity of IRT in mastitis detection may be influenced by milk yield and it may be better to capture the infrared images of cow udders pre-milking.

The effect of management history and time of mating on ovulation and lambing rates in mule ewes

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
Linda M Mitchell ◽  
Margaret E King ◽  
R.P. Aitken ◽  
Jacqueline M Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Endogenous Rhythm ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Management History ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Natural Breeding

There is increasing interest in the development of later lambing systems for crossbred ewes which more closely match ewe nutritional requirements with herbage growth (Stone, 1988; Mitchell, 1990). It has long been recognised however that at extremes of the natural breeding season fecundity is reduced, a possible consequence of seasonal variations in ovulation rate, fertilisation and/or embryo survival (Hammond, 1944). Daylength is the factor which entrains the endogenous rhythm of reproduction in sheep (Donovan, O’Callaghan, Karsh, Boland and Roche, 1992) and daylength changes per se may be responsible for variations in reproductive response throughout the breeding season. Associated environmental and management factors may also be of importance. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of management history and month of mating on ovulation and lambing rates in Mule ewes.

The effect of daylength and nutrition on the oestrous and ovulatory activity of Greyface ewes

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Ducker ◽  
J. S. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Repeated Observations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Natural Breeding

SUMMARYThe onset and duration of oestrous and ovulatory activity in 26 Greyface ewes receiving natural daylength changes were determined. Precise ovulation data were obtained by endoscopy and repeated observations of the ovaries of all ewes were made on 10 occasions from 15 July 1971 to 27 June 1972. The natural breeding season for these Greyface ewes was, on average, 22 September 1971 to 18 February 1972. There were significant seasonal changes in the mean ovulation rate of the ewes which appeared to be inversely related to seasonal changes in natural daylength.An abrupt decrease in artificial daylength of 11 -43 hr applied on 22 June 1971 to 28 similar Greyface ewes advanced their mean onset of oestrous activity by 23 days. The decrease in artificial daylength also advanced the occurrence of ovulation in these ewes. The highest mean ovulation rate of the ewes receiving the decrease in artificial daylength was at least as high as the peak mean ovulation rate measured in the control ewes.At most stages of the experiment, the plane of nutrition had no significant effect on either oestrous or ovulatory activity in the ewes.

A DdeI PCR-RFLP detecting genetic variation of goat POU1F1 gene

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Y. Lan ◽  
C. Y. Pan ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
C. Z. Lei
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Pou1f1 Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Silent Allele

We described a DdeI PCR-RFLP method for detecting silent allele at goat POU1F1 locus: p.S241S. Frequencies of D1 allele varied from 0.600 to 1.000 in eight Chinese native breeds. Association of DdeI RFLP genotypes with milk yield of dairy goat was significant (P < 0.05). Key words: Goat, POU1F1 gene, polymorphism, association, milk yield

Influence of lambing date on subsequent ovarian cyclicity and ovulation rate in ewes

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Mitchell ◽  
M. E. King ◽  
R. P. Aitken ◽  
J. M. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
Seasonal Decline ◽  
Ovarian Cyclicity ◽  
Ovarian Cycles ◽  
Subsequent Onset

AbstractThe effect of lambing date on the subsequent onset and duration of ovarian cyclicity in Mule (Bluefaced Leicester × Scottish Blackface) ewes was investigated. Nineteen ewes which had lambed in January (16 January 1993 (s.e. 3 days)) and been weaned in February-March and 22 comparable ewes which had lambed in May (14 May 1993 (s.e. 2 days)) and been weaned on 23 August were maintained at pasture as two isolated groups. A raddled vasectomized ram was continually present with each group from 14 July 1993 to 26 May 1994 and marked (oestrous) ewes were recorded twice weekly. Ovarian activity was assessed by measuring peripheral progesterone concentrations in blood samples collected twice weekly and by laparoscopic viewing of the ovaries of all ewes during October, January and March. The onset and duration of ovarian activity were significantly affected by the previous lambing date. For January and May lambing ewes, mean dates of onset were 5 September 1993 (s.e. 2 days) v. 25 September 1993 (s.e. 4 days) (P < 0·001) and of cessation were 5 April 1994 (s.e. 5 days) v. 10 April 1994 (s.e. 3 days). Mean durations of ovarian activity were 212 (s.e. 6) and 195 (s.e. 5) days (P < 0·05) during which 12·4 (s.e. 0·29) and 11·5 (s.e. 0·38) ovarian cycles respectively were recorded. Ovulation rate was not affected by previous lambing date but was significantly lower in March compared with October (January lambing ewes 1·7 (s.e. 0·1) v. 2·3 (s.e. 0·1) (P < 0·001); May lambing ewes 1·6 (s.e. 0·1) v. 2·1 (s.e. 0·1) (P < 0·01)). Results demonstrate that (i) Mule ewes have a potential breeding season of up to 8 months duration; (ii) the onset and duration of ovarian activity can be influenced by previous lambing date; and (Hi) a seasonal decline in ovulation rate may, in practical terms, result in a lower lambing percentage for animals bred towards the end of their natural breeding period.

The effect of melatonin implants on breeding activity and litter size in commercial sheep flocks in the UK

1990 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Haresign ◽  
A. R. Peters ◽  
L. D. Staples
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Subcutaneous Implant

ABSTRACTTwo trials were undertaken to investigate the effects of treating seasonally anoestrous ewes with melatonin implants on date of first oestrus and other aspects of reproductive performance.Trial 1 involved a total of 368 Mule ewes and 79 Scottish Blackface ewes on five farms, approximately half of which were treated with a single subcutaneous implant of melatonin (Regulin®), containing 18 mg melatonin, between 23 July and 6 August 1986 and the remainder acted as untreated controls. Treatment had no significant effect on the date of first oestrus or conception rate in Mule ewes, although it increased the number of Scottish Blackface ewes mating (92% v. 73%) and the number of mated ewes conceiving (69% v. 54%) in a 5-week mating period, resulting in significantly more treated ewes lambing (63% v. 37%; P < 0·01). Litter size was higher in 4/5 flocks, although this only reached statistical significance in one Mule flock and the Scottish Blackface flock.A total of 2116 ewes from 17 commercial flocks were used in trial 2, approximately half of which were Suffolk/Suffolk-cross ewes and the remainder Mule/Mule-cross ewes. Implantation with melatonin occurred between 22 June and 24 July 1987. Flocks with over 100 ewes were divided into three equal-sized groups and treated with either 18 mg melatonin (one implant of Regulin, 36 mg melatonin (two implants of Regulin given at the same time) or acted as untreated controls. Flocks with less than 100 ewes contained only the 18 mg melatonin and untreated control groups. Treatment with melatonin significantly advanced the date of first oestrus in most flocks of both breeds (P < 0·05) but the magnitude of this effect was variable. Significant (P < 0·05 at least) increases in ‘potential’ (from scanning) mean litter size (+0·13 to +0·18) and actual mean litter size (+0·11 to +0·14) resulting from treatment with melatonin were apparent in ewes of both breeds when the data were pooled across all flocks, but only in 4/17 of the individual flocks.These results indicate that treatment with melatonin implants may be a simple and effective way of advancing the breeding season and enhancing litter size of early lambing flocks under commercial farming conditions in the United Kingdom, but treatment must be given >60 days before the start of the natural breeding season for benefits in date of first oestrus to be manifest.

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