scholarly journals Application of the Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram to Horses Competing at the Hickstead-Rotterdam Grand Prix Challenge and the British Dressage Grand Prix National Championship 2020 and Comparison with World Cup Grand Prix Competitions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1820
Author(s):  
Sue Dyson ◽  
Danica Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Spearman’S Rho ◽  
The World ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation

The Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram (RHpE) comprising 24 behaviours was developed to facilitate the identification of musculoskeletal discomfort, with scores of ≥8/24 indicating the presence of pain. The median RHpE score for 147 competitors at World Cup Grand Prix events from 2018 to 2020 was three (interquartile range [IQR] 1–4; range 0–7). The aim of the current study was to apply the RHpE to 38 competitors at the Hickstead-Rotterdam Grand Prix Challenge and 26 competitors at the British Dressage Grand Prix National Championship in 2020. The median RHpE scores were four (IQR 3–6; range 0–8) and six (IQR 4–7; range 1–9), respectively, which were both higher (p = 0.0011 and p = 0.0000) than the World Cup competitors’ scores. Ears back ≥ 5 s (p = 0.005), intense stare ≥ 5 s (p = 0.000), repeated tail swishing (p = 0.000), hindlimb toe drag (p = 0.000), repeated tongue-out (p = 0.003) and crooked tail-carriage (p = 0.000) occurred more frequently. These were associated with a higher frequency of lameness, abnormalities of canter, and errors in rein-back, passage and piaffe, canter flying-changes and canter pirouettes compared with World Cup competitors. There was a moderate negative correlation between the dressage judges’ scores and the RHpE scores (Spearman’s rho −0.66, p = 0.0002) at the British Championship. Performance and welfare may be improved by recognition and appropriate treatment of underlying problems.

Comparison of performance at the 2007 and 2015 Cricket World Cups

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-410
Author(s):  
Carl J Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Key Performance Indicators ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation ◽  
Geographical Locations

To assess tactical changes, we compared team performance indicators between the 2015 and 2007 Cricket World Cup Tournaments. Specifically, we determined magnitudes of differences between winning and losing teams and compared round robin and the knockout or Super 8 phases. Magnitude of difference between teams was established with a standardised (Cohen's) effect size with 90% confidence limits. Taking wickets and having a high batting run rate consistently had large to very large effect sizes across both rounds of both tournaments. A higher percentage of runs in singles had a small to moderate negative correlation with winning across both tournaments (ranging from effect size = −0.28 ± 0.07 to −1.18 ± 0.79 90% CL). The main contribution of this paper is that across eight years and across different geographical locations, key performance indicators had similar magnitudes in 50-over World Cup Cricket. Coaches can be confident in the relevant importance of different performance indicators.

P–333 Vaginal and endometrial microbiota: is there any correlation

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Voroshilina ◽  
E Plotko ◽  
D Islamidi ◽  
O Koposova ◽  
D Zornikov
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Weak Positive Correlation ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho

Abstract Study question Is there any correlation between the total bacterial load and the lactobacilli quantities in the vaginal and endometrial microbiomes in reproductive-age women? Summary answer There was no correlation between the vaginal and endometrial total bacterial loads and only a weak positive correlation between the quantities of lactobacilli. What is known already The Lactobacilli-dominated microbiota is considered to be the most favorable type of microbiota in the uterine cavity. It is associated with increased reproductive success in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Whereas the non-Lactobacillus dominated microbial communities are more frequent in women with poor pregnancy outcomes. When analyzing endometrial microbiota, one of the challenges is sampling. Transvaginal sample intake involves the possibility of contaminating the samples with vaginal microbiota. Moreover, it is an invasive procedure leading to the development of infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper genital tract. Thus, researchers are currently searching for predictors of the state of endometrial microbiota. Study design, size, duration It is a cross-sectional study of the vaginal end endometrial micorbiomes from 64 reproductive-age women. Endometrial and vaginal samples were collected simultaneously on days 7–10 of the menstrual cycle. To avoid contamination by vaginal microbiota, Endobrush Standard for Endometrial Cytology (Laboratoire C.C.D.; France) was used for endometrial sampling. Participants/materials, setting, methods The study included women who came to the “Garmonia” Medical Center (Yekaterinburg, Russia) seeking infertility treatment. The average age of the patients was 32.2±5.0. DNA from vaginal and endometrial samples was extracted using PREP-NA-PLUS kit (DNA-Technology, Russia). Vaginal and endometrial microbiota was analyzed using Femoflor real-time PCR kit and DTprime 4M1 thermocycler (DNA-Technology, Russia). Main results and the role of chance Total bacterial load (TBL) in vaginal discharge was 3.8–7.9 lg (median — 7.1, interquartile range — 6.6–7.4). TBL in the endometrial samples was 0–5.1 lg (median — 3.9, interquartile range — 3.6–4.2). There was no correlation between TBL values in vaginal discharge and endometrial samples (Spearman’s rho — 0.247, p = 0.049). Lactobacilli quantities in vaginal discharge were 4.5–8.3 lg (median — 7.2, interquartile range — 6.4–7.6), in endometrial samples — 0–5.1 lg (median — 3.7, interquartile range — 3.1–4.2). There was a weak positive correlation between lactobacilli quantities in vaginal and endometrial samples (Spearman’s rho — 0.362, p = 0.003). The proportion of lactobacilli in vaginal discharge was 1–100% (median — 100%, interquartile range — 95–100%), in the endometrial samples — 0–100% (median — 96%, interquartile range — 25–100%). There was no correlation between lactobacilli proportions in vaginal and endometrial samples (Spearman’s rho — 0.225, p = 0.074). Furthermore, there was no correlation between lactobacilli quantity in the vagina and their proportion in the endometrial microbiota (Spearman’s rho — 0.294, p = 0.018). There was only a weak positive correlation between the quantities of lactobacilli in vaginal and endometrial samples. Vaginal TBL values and lactobacilli proportions did not correlate with lactobacilli quantities and proportions in the endometrial samples. Limitations, reasons for caution The study was conducted on a small sample. Moreover, it is notoriously difficult to interpret the analysis results for endometrial microbiota due to the high risk of contamination and its low microbial biomass. Wider implications of the findxings: Apparently, there is no obvious link between the vaginal and endometrial microbiomes. It is possible that, apart from vaginal microbiota, there are other predictors which could allow us to assume whether lactobacilli are present in the endometrial microbiota. Trial registration number Not applicable

Catastrophizing and Depression Are Associated With a Poorer Quality Of Life In Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1706-1706
Author(s):  
Nitya Bakshi ◽  
Ines Lukombo ◽  
Helen Shnol ◽  
Nonita Mittal ◽  
Saumya Vinod Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing Scale ◽  
Pain Coping ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho

Abstract Background Depression and catastrophizing are critically important variables in understanding the experience of pain in patients with several types of chronic pain. In the PiSCES study, negative correlations were observed between high catastrophizing scores with greater depression and lower quality of life in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). These psychological covariates have not been studied extensively in pediatric patients with SCD. Methods Patients entering a study of quantitative sensory testing (QST) completed baseline psychological covariates which included PROMIS measures of pain intensity, interference, anxiety, depression, sleep, fatigue and peer relationships. Participants also completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-child version, ©Sullivan MJ), Child Somatization Inventory (Walker L et al), Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory*(Varni JW et al) as well as Peds QL Generic*(Varni JW et al) and SCD specific*(Panepinto JA et al) measures of Quality of life. We performed a correlational analysis on psychological covariates with quality of life. Results A total of 24 patients were included in the study, however depression scores were missing in 2 patients and catastrophizing scores were missing in one patient.14 patients (58.3 %) had HbSS, 7 patients (29.1%) had HbSC and 3 patients (12.5%) had HbS-beta+ thalassemia. In the past 3 years prior to the study patients with HbSS experienced a median of 4 (IQR: 3-5), HbSC a median of 3(IQR: 0-9) and HbS-beta+thal a median of 7 (IQR: 3-13) vaso-occlusive crises (VOC). The median hemoglobin level was 10.4 (IQR: 8.8-11.1) for patients with HbSS, 13.3 (IQR: 11.3-13.5) for patients with HbSC and 12.2 (IQR: 11.6-13.3) for patients with HbS-beta+ thalassemia. The median score on the Pain Catastrophizing scale was 29 (IQR: 13-35). The median total score on the Peds QL generic QoL scale was 74.4 (IQR: 57.05-87.01) and the SCD specific QoL was 61.9 (IQR: 50.65-77). The median depression score was 44.35 (IQR: 31.8-53.8) and median anxiety score was 46.15 (IQR: 35-51.8). There was a significant negative correlation between catastrophizing on PCS and the total Peds QL SCD specific (Spearman’s rho= -0.57, p= 0.0043) and generic (Spearman’s rho= -0.41, p=0.047) quality of life scores. A similar significantly negative correlation was seen between the catastrophizing dimension score on the Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory with total scores on the Peds QL SCD specific (Spearman’s rho= -0.65, p=0.0006) and generic (Spearman’s rho= -0.59, p=0.002) quality of life scores. There was also a significant negative correlation between depression (on the PROMIS depression module) with SCD specific (Spearman’s rho= -0.58, p= 0.0046) and generic (Spearman’s rho=-0.71, p=0.0002) quality of life scores. There was no correlation between catastrophizing (PedsQL Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory- Catastrophizing dimension or Pain Catastrophizing Scale) and healthcare utilization as measured by VOC requiring Emergency room visit or hospital admission over a 6 month, one year or three year period. Conclusions Children with SCD have a high median catastrophizing score. Catastrophizing and depression scales have a significant negative correlation with quality of life scores. Thus, pain, depression, and catastrophizing might all be important therapeutic targets in the comprehensive management of SCD in children. *PedsQL™ contact information and permission to use: Mapi Research Trust, Lyon, France. E-mail: [email protected] – Internet: www.Mapi-trust.org andhttp://www.pedsql.org/index.html Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Migrating to Social Networks While Watching Televised Sports: A Case Study of the Effect of Enjoyment on Second-Screen Usage During the World Cup

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vered Elishar-Malka ◽  
Yaron Ariel ◽  
Dana Weimann-Saks
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Second Screen ◽  
The World ◽  
Sport Events

The World Cup is among the most popular televised sport events. This case study examined how enjoyment from and transportation into World Cup broadcasts affected WhatsApp use on a second screen. The authors hypothesized a negative correlation between World Cup enjoyment and WhatsApp use (both match related and unrelated), mediated by transportation into the match. Based on an online survey of 454 participants, they found that the more enjoyment the viewers experienced, the less they used WhatsApp for non-match-related purposes and (contrary to their hypothesis) the more they used it for match-related purposes. It was also found that the more enjoyment viewers experienced, the more transported they were into the match, leading to higher match-related and lower non-match-related WhatsApp use.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence, Relationship Satisfaction And Anger

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Pritamani
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between emotional intelligence, relationship satisfaction and anger was examined among couples who were in a relationship. There were 150 participants (Males = 34; Females = 116) between the ages of 25 and 60. All the participants completed The Assessing Emotions Scale, The Relationship Satisfaction Scale and The Anger Discomfort Scale. To calculate the correlation between the variables, Spearman’s rho was deployed. The results indicated a positive correlation between emotional intelligence and relationship satisfaction and a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and anger and relationship satisfaction and anger. Correlations between the four aspects of emotional intelligence with relationship satisfaction were also drawn; and once again the results showed a positive correlation between the variables.

scholarly journals POS0584 ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE MEDIAN NERVE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS UNDER SUSPICION OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 525.1-525
Author(s):  
S. Tsiami ◽  
E. Ntasiou ◽  
C. Krogias ◽  
R. Gold ◽  
J. Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome

Background:Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common nerve compression syndrome and a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Different causes of CTS are known, among them inflammatory and non-inflammatory pathologies. Electroneurography (ENG) of the median nerve, the method of choice to diagnose CTS, measures impairment of nerve conduction velocity without explaining its underlying cause. However, because the electrical stimulation is often not well tolerated, ENG results may come out inconclusive. Using greyscale ultrasonography (GS-US) provides anatomic information including a structural representation of the carpal tunnel.Objectives:To investigate the performance of nerve GS-US in the diagnosis of CTS in patients with RA.Methods:Consecutive patients with active RA under suspicion of CTS presenting to a large rheumatologic center were included. Both hands were examined by an experienced neurologist including ENG and a GS-US (ML linear probe with 6-15 Hz) of the median nerve. An established grading system for ENG (1), and an established system for GS-US based on cut-offs for the nerve cross sectional area (CSA) [mild: 0,11-0,13cm2, moderate: 0,14-0,15 cm2, severe: > 0,15 cm2 CTS (2)] were used. In addition, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ) was used to assess CTS symptoms (3).Results:Both hands of 58 patients with active RA (n=116) and clinical suspicion of CTS (in 38 cases bilaterally) were included. After clinical examination, CTS was suspicious in 96 hands (82.8%), and 59 of all hands had a final diagnosis of CTS (50.9%). Of the latter, 43 hands (72.9%) had a positive ENG and 16 (27.1%) a positive GS-US finding only, while 30 hands (50.8%) were positive in both examinations.There was a good correlation of the cross-sectional area (CSA) as well as the CSA-ratio to the ENG findings: the larger the CSA, the more severe was the CTS as assessed by ENG (Spearman’s rho=0.554; p<0.001). The more severe the GS-US findings of CTS were, the more definite were the distal motor latency (Spearman’s rho=0.554; p<0.001) and sensible nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve (Spearman’s rho=-0.5411; p<0.001).In the 46 hands positive in GS-US, tenosynovial hypertrophy of the flexor tendons was detected in 19 hands (41.3%), 7 of which (36.8%) also showed an additional cystic mass. In these 19 patients, clinical complains were more severely present than in patients with non-inflammatory CTS, as assessed by the BCTSQ with a total score of 68.8±13.4 vs. 59.3±13.7, respectively (p=0.007).Conclusion:In patients with active RA and clinical complains of CTS, ultrasound examinations provide additional information about inflammation which is helpful for a diagnosis of CTS. Thus, ENG and nerve GS-US should be used complementary for a diagnostic workup of CTS in RA patients with a suspicion of CTS. Power-Doppler may further improve the diagnostic performance of GS-US.References:[1]Padua L et al. Acta Neurol Scand 1997; 96:211–217[2]El Miedany et al., Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004 Jul; 43(7):887-895[3]Levine DW et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1993; 75: 1585-1592Figure 1.BCTSQ scores in patients with diagnosis of CTS and absence or presence of RA-related tenosynovial hypertrophyDisclosure of Interests:None declared

Factors affecting thyroid volume in adolescent students attending a rural middle school in East Hangzhou, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyong Liu ◽  
Yiqian Jiang ◽  
Lijun Shen ◽  
Jiming Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
School Students ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho ◽  
Rural Middle School

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the thyroid volume (Tvol) and to explore factors that affects it among 12 to 15-year-olds attending a rural middle school in east Hangzhou, China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of middle school students attending a rural middle school in east Hangzhou, China was conducted. Height, weight and other physical development related indicators in middle school students were measured. The thyroid size was measured using ultrasound, and the thyroid volume calculated.ResultsThe median (P25, P75) of the thyroid volume in 596 middle school students from a rural middle school in east Hangzhou, China was 6.69 (5.66, 7.98) mL. Our study enrolled 305 male students (51.2%) and 291 female students (48.8%). The height, weight and thyroid volume of middle school students increased with age. Univariate analysis revealed that height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were positive correlated with thyroid volume (p<0.01).The correlation between BSA and thyroid volume was significant (Spearman’s rho=0.473, p<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that BSA was positive and significantly correlated with the thyroid volume (p<0.05). Regression equation was Y=−2.532 + 6.186×BSA.ConclusionThe thyroid volume is not only affected by age, but it is also affected by growth and development. Goiter cannot only be assessed based on age, gender and thyroid volume. However, this study established that BSA not only presented the strongest correlation with thyroid volume (Spearman’s rho=0.473), but also had a strong correlation with physical development, taking into account the growth and development of middle school students, and showed greater stability. Therefore, we recommend inclusion of BSA as a reference standard in the measurement of the thyroid volume.

GOAALLL!: Using sentiment in the world cup to explore theories of emotion

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gale M. Lucas ◽  
Jonathan Gratch ◽  
Nikolaos Malandrakis ◽  
Evan Szablowski ◽  
Eli Fessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Cup ◽  
The World

Collective Decision-making: FIFA from the Perspective of Public Choice

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Follert ◽  
Lukas Richau ◽  
Eike Emrich ◽  
Christian Pierdzioch
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Choice ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Collective Decision ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Public Choice Theory ◽  
World Cup ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractVarious scandals have shaken public confidence in football's global governing body, Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA). It is evident that decision-making within such a collective provides incentives for corruption. We apply the Buchanan-Tullock model that is known from Public Choice theory to study collective decision-making within FIFA. On the basis of this theoretical model, we develop specific proposals that can contribute to combating corruption. Three core aspects are discussed: the selection of the World Cup host, transparency in the allocation of budgets, and clear guidelines for FIFA officials and bodies with regard to their rights and accountability. Our insights can contribute to a better understanding of collective decision making in heterogenous groups.

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