scholarly journals Expression of Renal Vitamin D and Phosphatonin-Related Genes in a Sheep Model of Osteoporosis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Keren E. Dittmer ◽  
Anastasia Chernyavtseva ◽  
Jonathan C. Marshall ◽  
Diana Cabrera ◽  
Frances M. Wolber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
Post Menopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Post Menopausal

Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue around the world, with post-menopausal osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency resulting in approximately ¾ of cases. In this study, 18 aged Merino ewes were ovariectomized, and 10 were controls. Three of the ovariectomized ewes were treated weekly with 400 mg of methylprednisolone for 5 months and three were treated weekly for 2 months, followed by a 3-month recovery period. At 2 months, five control animals and six ovariectomized animals were euthanized. At 5 months, all the remaining ewes were euthanized. Kidney samples were collected postmortem for qPCR analysis of NPT1, PTH1R, NPT2a, NPT2c, Klotho, FGFR1IIIc, VDR, CYP24A1, CYP27B1, TRPV5, TRPV6, CalD9k, CalD28k, PMCA and NCX1. Ovariectomized sheep had significantly greater VDR expression compared with other groups. Ovariectomized sheep treated with glucocorticoids for 2 months followed by euthanasia at 5 months showed significant differences in TRPV5, CYP24A1 and klotho gene expression compared to other groups. Differences in klotho expression were most marked after adjustment for repeated measures (p = 0.1). Klotho is known as the “anti-aging” hormone and is involved in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Klotho may be involved in the recovery of bone mineral density in ovariectomized sheep treated with glucocorticoids for 2 months followed by euthanasia at 5 months. Further research on the role of klotho is recommended.

scholarly journals The effects of discontinuing long term alendronate therapy in a clinical practice setting

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
José Gilberto H. Vieira ◽  
Ilda Sizue Kunii ◽  
Janaína Martins de Lana ◽  
Marise Lazaretti-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Procollagen Type ◽  
Post Menopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Menopausal

OBJECTIVE: To assess bone turnover markers (BTM) and bone mineral density (BMD) after discontinuation of alendronate treatment used for five or more years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 40 patients (pt) with post-menopausal osteoporosis treated with alendronate (10 mg/d) for at least five years (Group 1, G1) had their medication discontinued. Group 2 (G2): 25 pt treated with alendronate for at least one year. Group 3 (G3): 23 treatment-naïve osteoporotic pt. BMD was evaluated in G1 and G2 at baseline and after 12 months. Collagen type I cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) levels were measured in all pt at baseline, and in G1 and G2 every three months for 12 months. Data were analyzed using ANOVA on ranks and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: Mean BMD values in G1 and G2 did not differ during follow-up. However, 16 pt (45.7%) in G1 and one (5.2%) in G2 lost BMD (P < 0.001). BTM at baseline was not different between G1 and G2, and both were lower than G3. A significant increase in BTM levels was detected in G1 pt after three months, but not in G2. CONCLUSION: Observed BMD loss and BTM rise after alendronate withdrawal imply that bone turnover was not over suppressed, and alendronate discontinuation may not be safe.

scholarly journals Regulatory B cells (Bregs) inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent bone loss in osteoporotic mice model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Sapra ◽  
Asha Bhardwaj ◽  
Pradyumna K. Mishra ◽  
Bhupendra K. Verma ◽  
Rupesh K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Regulatory B Cells ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Post Menopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
First Time

AbstractIncreasing evidences in recent years have suggested that regulatory B cells (Bregs) are crucial modulator in various inflammatory disease conditions. However, the role of Bregs in case of postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unknown. Also, no study till date have ever investigated the significance of Bregs in modulating osteoclastogenesis. In the present study, we for the first time examined the anti-osteoclastogenic potential of Bregs under in vitro conditions and we observed that Bregs suppressed RANKL mediated osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow cells in a dose dependent manner. We further elucidated the mechanism behind the suppression of osteoclasts differentiation by Bregs and found that Bregs inhibit osteoclastogenesis via IL-10 production. To further confirm the bone health modulating potential of Bregs we employed post-menopausal osteoporotic mice model. Remarkably, our in vivo data clearly suggest a significant reduction (p < 0.01) in both CD19+IL-10+ and CD19+CD1dhiCD5+IL-10+ B10 Bregs in case of osteoporotic mice model. Moreover, our serum cytokine data further confirms the significant reduction of IL-10 levels in osteoporotic mice. Taken together, the present study for the first time unravels and establish the unexplored role of regulatory B cells in case of osteoporosis and provide new insight into Bregs biology in the context of post-menopausal osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Head-to-head comparisons of bisphosphonates and teriparatide in osteoporosis: a meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. E146-E157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Lin Liu ◽  
Han-Chung Lee ◽  
Chun-Chung Chen ◽  
Der-Yang Cho
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Nonvertebral Fractures ◽  
Post Menopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Menopausal

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of teriparatide vs. bisphosphonates in the management of osteoporosis. Methods: A total of 1,967 patients from eight randomized controlled trials were analyzed; outcomes included bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck, total hip and lumbar spine, vertebral and nonvertebral fractures and any adverse event. A subgroup analysis of treatment effectiveness was performed according to the etiology of osteoporosis; i.e., glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) vs. post-menopausal osteoporosis (PO). Results: Teriparatide increased the BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip to a greater extent than bisphosphonates. Patients treated with teriparatide also had a lower risk of vertebral fractures compared with bisphosphonates; however, no difference in risk of nonvertebral fractures (or adverse events) was found. GIO subgroups showed larger increases in BMD of the lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck in patients treated with teriparatide compared with bisphosphonates. The PO subgroup showed larger increases in BMD of the lumbar spine in patients treated with teriparatide compared with bisphosphonates. Patients in the GIO subgroup (but not the PO subgroup) were less likely to suffer a vertebral fracture on teriparatide as compared with bisphosphonates. In contrast, no significant difference in the percentage of nonvertebral fractures was noted between the two types of treatment for either subgroup. Conclusion: Teriparatide significantly increased the BMD of lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck, particularly in GIO-induced osteoporosis. Teriparatide did not lower the risk of nonvertebral fractures when compared with bisphosphonates.

scholarly journals Role of the Ubiquitin System in Chronic Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiurong Cheng ◽  
Yingdong Deng ◽  
Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Deubiquitinating Enzyme ◽  
Ubiquitin System ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Insight Into

As a significant public health issue, chronic pain, mainly neuropathic pain (NP) and inflammatory pain, has a severe impact. The underlying mechanisms of chronic pain are enigmatic at present. The roles of ubiquitin have been demonstrated in various physiological and pathological conditions and underscore its potential as therapeutic targets. The dysfunction of the component of the ubiquitin system that occurs during chronic pain is rapidly being discovered. These results provide insight into potential molecular mechanisms of chronic pain. Chronic pain is regulated by ubiquitination, SUMOylation, ubiquitin ligase, and deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB), etc. Insight into the mechanism of the ubiquitin system regulating chronic pain might contribute to relevant therapeutic targets and the development of novel analgesics.

Relation between Circulating Vitamin k2 level and Osteoporosis in Post-Menopausal Women

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina M Abdel Aziz ◽  
Hala A Saleh ◽  
Neven M Taha ◽  
Mohga A Elbadawy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Vitamin K2 ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Menopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Post Menopausal

Abstract Objective We aimed to measure the serum level of vitamin k2 in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients to determine its role in the disease. Patients and Methods Our study was designed as a cross sectional study, with 15 postmenopausal osteoporotic patients (with reduced bone mineral density BMD), aged between 54-58 years old compared to 15 healthy controls (with normal BMD at all of lumbar spine, femoral neck and hip) matched in age with the patients. All participants were subjected to full medical history taking, physical examination and functional assessment of the activity of daily livings (ADL). Biochemical assays of thyroid stimulating hormone, parathyroid hormone, total calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Kidney and liver function tests and serum levels of vitamin k2 were performed. Results The patients showed highly significantly lower vitamin k2 levels (P &lt; 0.05) and non-significant correlations between vitamin k2 and the activity of daily living (ADL) nor the other laboratory assessment parameters (P &gt; 0.05) among the patient’s group. Conclusion Vitamin K deficiency is highly prevalent in the majority of our patients and should be considered an associating factor in the etiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Vitamin k2 deficiency could result in a decrease in the bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, so vitamin k2 levels should be checked in post-menopausal osteoporosis and any deficiency must be treated and corrected to improve the bone mineral density.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document