scholarly journals First Integrative Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto in the Mediterranean Sea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Blondine Agus ◽  
Pierluigi Carbonara ◽  
Riccardo Melis ◽  
Rita Cannas ◽  
Laura Carugati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Web

An integrative approach based on morphological and genetic analyses was undertaken for the first time to confirm the species identification of Mediterranean samples belonging to the genus Tremoctopus. Sequences of two mtDNA genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COI) and 16S) were generated for the first time from Mediterranean samples. Both the similarity-based identifications and tree-based methods indicated that three females can be identified as Tremoctopus violaceus sensu stricto in agreement with their morphological classifications. All Mediterranean sequences clustered with the sequences of Tremoctopus violaceus from the Gulf of Mexico and were clearly differentiated from the sequences attributed to T. gracilis and T. robsoni. The chromatic pattern of the web and some features of gill filaments, arms formula, stylets, radulae, beaks, and stomach contents were given for all the samples; 105,758, 20,140, and 11,237 oocytes were estimated in the mature, immature, and developing samples, respectively. The presence of four spermatangia inside the cavity of the maturing female suggested the ability of this species to mate before reaching full maturity with more partners. Age investigation using beaks, performed for the first time in T. violaceus and within the genus gave results consistent with the different sizes and maturity conditions of the samples.

TBE in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
First Time

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was isolated for the first time in Sweden in 1958 (from ticks and from 1 tick-borne encephalitis [TBE] patient).1 In 2003, Haglund and colleagues reported the isolation and antigenic and genetic characterization of 14 TBEV strains from Swedish patients (samples collected 1991–1994).2 The first serum sample, from which TBEV was isolated, was obtained 2–10 days after onset of disease and found to be negative for anti-TBEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas TBEV-specific IgM (and TBEV-specific immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid [IgG/CSF] activity) was demonstrated in later serum samples taken during the second phase of the disease.

The optimum cut-off value to differentiate Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto from other species of E. granulosus sensu lato using larval rostellar hook morphometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Soriano ◽  
N.B. Pierangeli ◽  
L.A. Pianciola ◽  
M. Mazzeo ◽  
L.E. Lazzarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
First Time

AbstractCystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato is one of the most important helminth zoonoses in the world; it affects both humans and livestock. The disease is endemic in Argentina and highly endemic in the province of Neuquén. Considerable genetic and phenotypic variation has been demonstrated in E. granulosus, and ten different genotypes (G1–G10) have been identified using molecular tools. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato may be considered a species complex, comprised of E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3), E. equinus (G4), E. ortleppi (G5) and E. canadensis (G6–G10). In endemic areas, the characterization of cystic echinococcosis molecular epidemiology is important in order to apply adequate control strategies. A cut-off value for larval large hook total length to distinguish E. granulosus sensu stricto isolates from those produced by other species of the complex was defined for the first time. Overall, 1780 larval hooks of 36 isolates obtained from sheep (n= 11, G1), goats (n= 10, G6), cattle (n= 5, G6) and pigs (n= 10, G7) were analysed. Validation against molecular genotyping as gold standard was carried out using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The optimum cut-off value was defined as 26.5 μm. The proposed method showed high sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (91.1%). Since in most endemic regions the molecular epidemiology of echinococcosis includes the coexistence of the widely distributed E. granulosus sensu stricto G1 strain and other species of the complex, this technique could be useful as a quick and economical tool for epidemiological and surveillance field studies, when fertile cysts are present.

The Ornithodoros capensis group (Acari: Argasidae): a morphological diagnosis and molecular characterization of O. capensis sensu stricto from Queimada Grande Island, Brazil 

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Muñoz-Leal ◽  
Ricardo A. Dias ◽  
Carlos R. Abrahão ◽  
Marcelo B. Labruna
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
First Time

Ornithodoros capensis sensu lato (s. l.) is a worldwide-distributed group of soft ticks that parasitize birds in insular and continental lands. It is currently composed of 11 morphologically closely related species. Several viral and bacterial pathogens, and particularly Coxiella-like endosymbiont organisms have been described coexisting with ticks of this group. Since it last report in 1983, the presence of O. capensis s. l. in Brazil has remained undocumented. By a morphological analysis of larvae and a molecular characterization of ticks and Coxiella genes we describe for the first time O. capensis sensu stricto in Brazil from specimens collected on Queimada Grande Island, in São Paulo state.

scholarly journals Natural Infection of Southern Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum Interspecific Hybrids) by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 2598-2605
Author(s):  
Dario Di Genova ◽  
Kippy J. Lewis ◽  
Jonathan E. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Southern Highbush ◽  
Southern Georgia ◽  
First Time

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is an emerging insect-vectored, xylem-limited bacterium that can cause disease on several economically important fruit and tree crops including almond, blueberry, citrus, grapevine, peach, and pecan. On blueberry, Xf causes bacterial leaf scorch (BLS), which is prevalent in the southeastern United States. This disease, previously reported to be caused by Xf subsp. multiplex (Xfm), can result in rapid plant decline and death of southern highbush (SHB) blueberry cultivars. In 2017, a survey of blueberry plantings in southern Georgia (U.S.A.) confirmed the presence of Xf-infected plants in eight of nine sites examined, and seven isolates were cultured from infected plants. Genetic characterization of these isolates through single-locus and multilocus sequence analysis revealed that three isolates from two sites belonged to Xf subsp. fastidiosa (Xff), with significant similarity to isolates from grapevine. After these three isolates were artificially inoculated onto greenhouse-grown SHB blueberries (cv. ‘Rebel’), symptoms typical of BLS developed, and Xff infection was confirmed through genetic characterization and reisolation of the bacterium to fulfill Koch’s postulates. Because all previously reported Xf isolates from blueberry have been characterized as Xfm, this is the first time that isolation of Xff has been reported from naturally infected blueberry plantings. The potential impact of Xff isolates on disease management in blueberry requires further exploration. Furthermore, given that isolates from both Xfm and Xff were obtained within a single naturally infected blueberry planting, blueberry in southern Georgia may provide opportunities for intersubspecific recombination between Xff and Xfm isolates.

Genetic characterization of human hydatid cysts shows coinfection by Echinococcus canadensis G7 and Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto G1 in Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 2599-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Florencia Debiaggi ◽  
Silvia Viviana Soriano ◽  
Nora Beatriz Pierangeli ◽  
Lorena Evelina Lazzarini ◽  
Luis Alfredo Pianciola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Echinococcus Canadensis ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Stricto

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Equine Piroplasms Using Multiplex PCR and First Genetic Characterization of Theileria haneyi in Egypt

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Bassma S. M. Elsawy ◽  
Ahmed M. Nassar ◽  
Heba F. Alzan ◽  
Raksha V. Bhoora ◽  
Sezayi Ozubek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Babesia Caballi ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
First Time

Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) is an infectious disease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, and the recently identified species T. haneyi. Hereby, we used a multiplex PCR (mPCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene of T. equi and B. caballi for the simultaneous detection of EP in Egyptian equids and examined the presence of T. haneyi infections in Egypt. Blood samples from 155 equids (79 horses and 76 donkeys) collected from different governorates of Egypt were examined by mPCR and PCR targeting T. hayeni. The mPCR method revealed a prevalence of T. equi of 20.3% in horses and of 13.1% in donkeys and a prevalence of B. caballi of 1.2% in horses. B. caballi was not detected in donkeys in the current study. The mPCR method also detected coinfections with both species (2.5% and 1.3% in horses and donkeys, respectively). Additionally, we report the presence of T. haneyi in Egypt for the first time in 53.1% of the horse and 38.1% of the donkey tested samples. Coinfection with T. haneyi and T. equi was found in 13.5% of the samples, while infection with the three EP species was found in 1.9% of the samples.

scholarly journals Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia R. Galea ◽  
Davide Maggioni
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

This study reports on 25 species of hydroids occurring in the collections gathered during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions carried out in the SE of New Caledonia in 2016, and off the western coast of the island in 2017, respectively. Of these, 19 have not been dealt with in earlier reports on these collections. Two new genera and four new species are described, viz, Actinopluma mirifica Galea gen. et sp. nov., provisionally assigned to the family Kirchenpaueriidae Stechow, 1921, Schizoplumularia helicoidalis sp. nov., belonging to the Plumulariidae McCrady, 1859, and Corhiza patula Galea sp. nov. and Thamnopteros uniserius Galea gen. et sp. nov., both placed in the family Halopterididae Millard, 1962. The gonotheca and the medusoid gonophore of Plumularia contraria Ansín Agís et al., 2014 are described for the first time, allowing a genus transfer to Dentitheca Stechow, 1919, as D. contraria comb. nov. Plumularia conjuncta Billard, 1913, known earlier from a minute portion of colony, is redescribed based on a complete, though infertile, specimen. Similarly, complete specimens corresponding to the hydroid previously referred to as Antennella megatheca Ansín Agís et al., 2009 are documented, allowing a provisional reallocation to Corhiza Millard, 1962 and a description of its so far unknown gonothecae. Fertile material assignable to the poorly-known Monostaechas fisheri Nutting, 1905 allows the recognition of this hydroid as a valid species, distinct from M. quadridens (McCrady, 1859). Most taxa are illustrated to validate the reliability of their identifications. Finally, phylogenetic reconstructions of the families Aglaopheniidae, Plumulariidae, and Halopterididae, based on the 16S rRNA, allowed a first genetic characterization of some of the species dealt with in this work.

Genetic characterization of Spermophagus niger (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae: Amblycerini) pest associated to seeds of Sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Burkina Faso

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 07-14
Author(s):  
Jean Christophe Koussoubé ◽  
Fatimata Mbaye ◽  
Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia ◽  
Mbacké Sembène ◽  
Antoine Sanon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

In Burkina Faso, the seeds of sorrel, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. are attacked by a pest identified morphologically as Spermophagus niger which is maintained all year on seeds and causing considerable damages. In the current study, for the first time, genetic characterization for S. niger was performed to determine its genetic identity and place it in its phyletic group. Mitochondrial gene, the Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) of the pest was partially sequenced after extraction and amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Then the variability of genetic parameters namely the number of polymorphic and monomorphic sites, the frequencies of the different nucleotides and amino acid composition were determined. The nucleotide sequence of S. niger ob-tained was submitted in Genbank and the accession number is KU710716. Nucleotide sequences of S. niger obtained and those of different species of Spermophagus and Z. subfasciatus available in the GenBank database, we determined the percentage of similarity on the one hand and kinship through Phylogenetics reconstructions on the other hand. The results showed the absence of polymorphic sites for 406 sites obtained with 36.5% of thymine, 17.5% of cytosine, adenine 31% and 15% of guanine. Leucine was the majority amino acid (14.50%); the lysine was minority amino acid (0.76%) and cysteine was absent. The percentage of similarity obtained and phylogenetics reconstructions showed that S. niger is very close to the different species of Spermophagus particularly S. drak and different from Z. sub-fasciatus.

The genus Phyllophorella (Phyllophoraceae, Rhodophyta) on the central coast of Peru, range extensions and anatomical description of the female gametophyte and carposporophyte

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 443 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
NATALIA ARAKAKI ◽  
MELISSA PEREZ-ALANIA ◽  
FLORENCE TELLIER ◽  
PATRICIA GIL-KODAKA ◽  
MARIA ELIANA RAMIREZ
Keyword(s):  
Female Gametophyte ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
The Family ◽  
Carpogonial Branch ◽  
First Time

Phyllophorella was recently described from two localities on the central coast of Peru (12°S), based on the endemic species Phyllophora (Ph.) peruviana. The genus currently accommodates three species, Phyllophorella (P.) peruviana, P. humboldtiana and P. limaensis. Recent field surveys for Phyllophorella on the central coast of Peru led to the discovery of collections outside the originally reported ranges. Morphological, anatomical, and genetic characterization of the specimens confirms range extensions for P. peruviana to 9° S and 15° S, and P. humboldtiana to 12° S and 15° S. A combined phylogenetic analysis of rbcL and COI-5P gene sequences supports the taxonomic status of these two species and reasserts the genus as monophyletic. Anatomically, the two species differ in nemathecial structure. Phyllophorella peruviana displays dome-shaped and well-defined circular nemathecia, whereas in P. humboldtiana they are irregular and diffuse in form. Mature cystocarps were observed for the first time in Phyllophorella, in P. humboldtiana from Lima and Ica, Peru. Phyllophorella, as well as the other genera classified to the family Phyllophoraceae, have a procarpic sexual system, with a carpogonial branch of three cells; the cystocarp develops a thickened cortex, is immersed in the medulla, and lacks a pericarp and an ostiole. This study demonstrates that field work, together with morphological, developmental, and genetic analyses, are useful methods for improving our understanding of seaweed distributions and systematics.

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