scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Selected Pathogenic Bacteria: In Vitro Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Nikola Puvača ◽  
Jovana Milenković ◽  
Tamara Galonja Galonja Coghill ◽  
Vojislava Bursić ◽  
Aleksandra Petrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
E Coli

The worldwide problem of infectious diseases has appeared in recent years, and antimicrobial agents are crucial in reducing disease emergence. Nevertheless, the development and distribution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Citrobacter koseri, has become a major society health hazard. Essential oils could serve as a promising tool as a natural drug in fighting the problem with these bacteria. The current study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effectiveness of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus obliqua L’Hér.), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill) essential oils. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils were screened against four pathogenic bacteria, E. coli, S. aureus, S. Tyhpi, and C. koseri, and two reference bacterial strains, while for the testing, the agar well diffusion method was used. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (GC–MSD) analyses were performed on essential oils. The obtained results showed that M. alternifolia essential oil is the richest in terpinen-4-ol, R. officinalis and E. oblique essential oils in 1,8-cineole, and L. angustifolia essential oil in α-terpinyl acetate. In addition, the main bioactive compounds present in the essential oil of tea tree are rich in α-pinene (18.38%), limonene (7.55%) and γ-terpinene (14.01%). The essential oil of rosemary is rich in α-pinene (8.38%) and limonene (11.86%); eucalyptus essential oil has significant concentrations of α-pinene (12.60%), p-cymene (3.24%), limonene (3.87%), and γ-terpinene (7.37%), while the essential oil of lavender is rich in linalool (10.71%), linalool acetate (9.60%), α-terpinyl acetate (10.93%), and carbitol (13.05%) bioactive compounds, respectively. The obtained results from the in vitro study revealed that most of the essential oils exhibited antimicrobial properties. Among the tested essential oils, tea tree was discovered to demonstrate the strongest antimicrobial activity. The recorded MIC of S. Typhi was 6.2 mg/mL, 3.4 mg/mL of C. koseri, 3.1 mg/mL of E. coli, and 2.7 mg/mL of E. Coli ATCC 25922, compared to M. alternifolia. Similarly, only S. aureus ATCC 25923 showed antimicrobial activity towards R. officinalis (1.4 mg/mL), E. oblique (2.9 mg/mL), and L. angustifolia (2.1 mg/mL). Based on the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that tea tree essential oil might be used as an ecological antimicrobial in treating infectious diseases caused by the tested pathogens.

scholarly journals Selection of the optimal composition of vegetable oil and chlorophyllipt oil components

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
R. M. Sachuk ◽  
Ya. S. Stravsky ◽  
YU. V. Horyuk ◽  
O. A. Katsaraba ◽  
S. V. Zhyhalyuk
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Siberian Pine ◽  
Oily Solution

Investigate the antimicrobial properties of various concentrations of vegetable essential oils in combination with an oil solution of chlorophyllipt as possible ingredients for ointments for wounds. Microbiological tests were performed according to standard methods using E. coli test cultures, S. aureus, Str. agalactiae and P. fluorescens. The results of studies of antibacterial activity of both individual ingredients and their combinations are presented, namely: 4 % essential oil of Siberian pine, 2 % essential oil of eucalyptus, 1.5 % essential oil of cloves, 1.5 % of essential oil of cedar, 2.0 % tea tree essential oil and 1.0 % chlorophyllipt oil solution. Bacteria, which are usually typical agents of wound infections, have been found to be quite sensitive to the drugs tested. High activity of essential oils and oily solution of chlorophyllipt with respect to E. coli and S. aureus was revealed. In particular, a 1.0 % oily solution of chlorophyllipt caused staphylococcal growth retardation zones whose diameters were 1.4 times larger than the antibiotic clindamycin. It was determined that representatives of gram-negative microflora were more sensitive to the investigated essential oils and chlorophyll. The optimal composition of the experimental drug called “Ointment for wounds” is offered. The results of preclinical testing showed a sufficiently high efficiency compared to traditional means. The results obtained with regard to antimicrobial activity indicate the prospect of using preparations based on the essential oil of Siberian pine, eucalyptus, carnation, cedar, tea tree and oil solution of chlorophyllipt for the treatment of skin diseases in animals. This data will help to develop new effective and safe veterinary treatments for wound care.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of fruit essential oils of Myrica gale, a neglected non-wood forest product

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Ložienė ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Vaida Vaičiulytė ◽  
Jurgita Švedienė ◽  
Vita Raudonienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chiral Phase ◽  
Myrica Gale ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Fruit Samples

The study aimed to establish the chemical composition of fruit essential oils of M. gale and test their activities against the selected pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii), yeasts (Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis), fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus) and dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes). Fruit samples from natural (Western Lithuania) and anthropogenic (Eastern Lithuania) M. gale populations were studied separately. Essential oils were isolated from dried fruits by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC/FID and GC/MS methods; enantiomeric composition of α-pinene was established by chiral-phase capillary GC. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) of essential oils were determined using the broth microdilution method. Plants from the natural population with a humid marine climate accumulated significantly higher amounts of fruit essential oils (3.34±0.05%) than those from the anthropogenic population with a more continental climate (2.71±0.22%). In total, 39 volatiles including α-pinene (23.52–27.17%), 1,8-cineole (17.19–18.84%) and α-phellandrene (9.47–10.03%) as main compounds were identified. Chiral analysis demonstrated that (1S)-(–)-α-pinene prevailed over (1R)-(+)-α-pinene and amounted to 94.09–95.28% of all fraction of this monoterpene. The antimicrobial study in vitro indicated that C. parapsilosis, dermatophytes and Aspergillus fungi were more susceptible to fruit essential oils of M. gale, whereas E. coli and C. albicans were weakly inhibited even at the highest essential oil concentration. The strongest growth-inhibitory and bactericidal effect of sweet gale essential oil was established on S. aureus. This could be attributed to the major essential oil compounds with known antimicrobial activity, such as α-pinene, 1,8-cineole and a-phellandrene. Keywords: Myrica gale; essential oil; chemical compounds; terpenes; enantiomers; antimicrobial.

scholarly journals The Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Liquidambar formosana Oleoresin

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjanette DeCarlo ◽  
Tao Zeng ◽  
Noura S. Dosoky ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

The oleoresin essential oils of Liquidambar formosana have potential therapeutic benefits. However, current research on L. formosana oleoresin essential oil is still in its early stages, and its chemotypic characterization is undefined. For better leveraging of plant resources and application of the essential oil, we collected 25 L. formosana oleoresin essential oil samples of individual trees from different geographical areas of Southern China. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC–FID). The major components of the essential oils were (E)-caryophyllene (3.3%-64.4%), α-pinene (0.6%-34.5%), β-pinene (0.6%-26.0%), camphene (0.3%-17.3%), and limonene (0.2%-7.9%). A chiral GC–MS analysis was carried out on the essential oil samples and (–)-α-Pinene, (–)-β-pinene, (–)-camphene, and (–)-limonene were the dominant enantiomers in L. formosana essential oil. The chemical categories of L. formosana oleoresin essential oils were clarified by agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA). The multivariate analyses demonstrated that a total of four chemical groups can be delineated for L. formosana. The L. formosana essential oils were screened for antimicrobial activity against a panel of potentially pathogenic bacteria and fungi and showed promising antimicrobial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 625 μg/mL. These results highlight the economic value of L. formosana oleoresin essential oil, the importance of L. formosana sustainability, and the potential therapeutic benefits of its oleoresin essential oils.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and fruits supplement in reduced nitrite salts condition

2017 ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Dragan Vujadinovic ◽  
Bojan Golic ◽  
Vladimir Tomovic ◽  
Vesna Gojkovic ◽  
Milan Vukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Aqueous Emulsion ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fruit Powder

Because of the growing negative perception of consumers related to the use of meat products produced by conventional curing methods, organic and natural products are increasingly accepted by consumers. Such products contain a large number of natural products derived from plants, spices, as well as their derivatives in form of essential oils, extracts, concentrates, and so on. These derivatives contain large number of active substances which are known to inhibit the metabolic processes of bacteria, yeasts and molds. Therefore, the goal of this paper was to investigate the synergistic antimicrobial activity of the models with a reduced presence of nitrite salt in aqueous solution, emulsions of essential oils in varying concentrations in vivo via antibiogram tests on pathogenic microorganisms. The effect of the six model groups was analyzed. Two groups were fruit powder solutions in concentrations of 0.2% to 1.2% (Acerola powder and fruit powder mix), while the other four groups were models of aqueous emulsion of essential oil in concentrations ranging from 0.05% to 1.2% (tea tree, clove, oregano, and cinnamon essential oils). In all models reduced amount of the sodium salt of 1.80%, 0.0075% nitrite salt and the liquid derivative as a natural source of the nitrate salt of 3% were used. Antibiogram tests were performed on five pathogenic bacteria (C. perfringens, E. coli, S. enterica, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus). All antibiogram tests were performed according to Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion protocol. Results of antibiograms showed that without the presence of additional antimicrobial agents, in model systems with reduced content of salts, inhibition zones were not detected. Additionally, models with essential oils of tea tree oil and oregano had the widest inhibition zone diameters, ranging from 17.76?0.48mm for E. coli up to 42.50?0.13mm for S. aureus.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Some Galium (Rubiaceae) Species Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1330
Author(s):  
Filiz Yağız ◽  
Rifat Battaloğlu ◽  
Sedef İlk ◽  
Ahmet Savran
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Effect

In this work, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Galium incanum, Galium dieckii ve Galium aladaghense were firstly reported. The essential oils were obtained from the all parts of the plant by hydrodistillation and analyzed by using GC-MS. Antimicrobial activity of synthezied essential oils was carried out against 5 pathogen bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (P. syringae) DC300, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhmurium (S. typhmurium) SL 1344 and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) ATCC 25175. According to the results, it was determined that isolated essential oils comprised of 61 compounds. Compounds of essential oils included that structure monoterpene (8.2%), monoterpenoid (14.75%) and sesquiterpene (14.75%). Unclassified compounds have been identified as other compounds. From the antimicrobial activity was observed that the isolated essential oil from Galium incanum, Galium dieckii ve Galium aladaghense exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against all gram negative and gram positive bacteria with diameter of inhibition zones ranging from 4.3 to 12.3 mm. Essential oil of Galium aladaghense indicated that high antimicrobial activity on all bacteria than Galium incanum and Galium dieckii.

Acetate Kinase (AcK) is Essential for Microbial Growth and Betel-derived Compounds Potentially Target AcK, PhoP and MDR Proteins in M. tuberculosis, V. cholerae and Pathogenic E. coli: An in silico and in vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (31) ◽  
pp. 2731-2740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Tiwari ◽  
Debmalya Barh ◽  
M. Imchen ◽  
Eswar Rao ◽  
Ranjith K. Kumavath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Acetate Kinase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Novel Target

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae, and pathogenic Escherichia coli are global concerns for public health. The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of these pathogens is creating additional challenges in controlling infections caused by these deadly bacteria. Recently, we reported that Acetate kinase (AcK) could be a broad-spectrum novel target in several bacteria including these pathogens. Methods: Here, using in silico and in vitro approaches we show that (i) AcK is an essential protein in pathogenic bacteria; (ii) natural compounds Chlorogenic acid and Pinoresinol from Piper betel and Piperidine derivative compound 6-oxopiperidine-3-carboxylic acid inhibit the growth of pathogenic E. coli and M. tuberculosis by targeting AcK with equal or higher efficacy than the currently used antibiotics; (iii) molecular modeling and docking studies show interactions between inhibitors and AcK that correlate with the experimental results; (iv) these compounds are highly effective even on MDR strains of these pathogens; (v) further, the compounds may also target bacterial two-component system proteins that help bacteria in expressing the genes related to drug resistance and virulence; and (vi) finally, all the tested compounds are predicted to have drug-like properties. Results and Conclusion: Suggesting that, these Piper betel derived compounds may be further tested for developing a novel class of broad-spectrum drugs against various common and MDR pathogens.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oil Modified Resin Composite against Oral Pathogens

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4383
Author(s):  
Barbara Lapinska ◽  
Aleksandra Szram ◽  
Beata Zarzycka ◽  
Janina Grzegorczyk ◽  
Louis Hardan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Modifying the composition of dental restorative materials with antimicrobial agents might induce their antibacterial potential against cariogenic bacteria, e.g., S.mutans and L.acidophilus, as well as antifungal effect on C.albicans that are major oral pathogens. Essential oils (EOs) are widely known for antimicrobial activity and are successfully used in dental industry. The study aimed at evaluating antibacterial and antifungal activity of EOs and composite resin material (CR) modified with EO against oral pathogens. Ten EOs (i.e., anise, cinnamon, citronella, clove, geranium, lavender, limette, mint, rosemary thyme) were tested using agar diffusion method. Cinnamon and thyme EOs showed significantly highest antibacterial activity against S.mutans and L.acidophilus among all tested EOs. Anise and limette EOs showed no antibacterial activity against S.mutans. All tested EOs exhibited antifungal activity against C.albicans, whereas cinnamon EO showed significantly highest and limette EO significantly lowest activity. Next, 1, 2 or 5 µL of cinnamon EO was introduced into 2 g of CR and microbiologically tested. The modified CR showed higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to unmodified one. CR containing 2 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against S.mutans and C.albicans, while CR modified with 1 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against L.acidophilus.

Phytochemical composition and in vitro screening of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils on oral pathogenic bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Tardugno ◽  
Federica Pellati ◽  
Ramona Iseppi ◽  
Moreno Bondi ◽  
Giacomo Bruzzesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Composition

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of the volatile phase of essential oils and their constituents on Legionella pneumophila

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Lucia Bićanić ◽  
Silvestar Mežnarić ◽  
Ivana Gobin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Pontiac Fever

Abstract Pathogenic bacteria of the genus Legionella cause atypical pneumonia known as Legionnaires’ disease and flu – like disease known as Pontiac fever. As pathogens of the respiratory system, these bacteria represent a public health problem and there is a need for examine new alternative ways to inactivate them. These bacteria live naturally in water and are transmitted by infectious aerosols. To purify the air, essential oils that show antimicrobial properties are widely used. The anti-Legionella activity of five exotic essential oils and five Mediterranean essential oils characteristic for coastal Croatia was examined. Model organism used in experiments was L. pneumophila (strain 130b). This experiment was conducting with modified version of sealed plate method using a BCYE medium. The exotic essential oil with highest anti-Legionella activity was Niaouli essential oil, and the best anti-Legionella activity among Mediterranean essential oils showed Immortelle essential oil. Anti- Legionella activity of four main chemical compounds was examined and compound that show significant highest anti-Legionella activity was α – pinene. Volatile components of essential oils have a great potential as anti-Legionella agents and further research are needed.

scholarly journals Essential Oils from Indigenous Iranian Plants: A Natural Weapon vs. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Pajohi Alamoti ◽  
Behnaz Bazargani-Gilani ◽  
Razzagh Mahmoudi ◽  
Anna Reale ◽  
Babak Pakbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mentha Longifolia

Aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of herbal plant essential oils (EOs) from selected Iranian plant species such as Ferulago angulata, Zataria multiflora, Cuminum cyminum, and Mentha longifolia against antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. For this purpose, the Escherichia coli strains, isolated from raw cow’s milk and local dairy products (yogurt, cream, whey, cheese, and confectionery products) collected from different areas of Hamedan province, Iran, were investigated for their resistance to antibiotics (i.e., streptomycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and cefixime). Thus, the E. coli strains were tested for their susceptibility to the above-mentioned essential oils. Regarding antibiotics, the E. coli strains were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin. In relation to essential oils, the most effective antibacterial activity was observed with Zataria multiflora; also, the bacteria were semi-sensitive to Cuminum cyminum and Mentha longifolia essential oils. All strains were resistant to Ferulago angulata essential oil. According to the results, the essential oil of Zataria multiflora can be considered as a practical and alternative antibacterial strategy to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant E. coli of dairy origin.

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