Hybrid Malware Classification Method Using Segmentation-Based Fractal Texture Analysis and Deep Convolution Neural Network Features

As the number of internet users increases so does the number of malicious attacks using malware. The detection of malicious code is becoming critical, and the existing approaches need to be improved. Here, we propose a feature fusion method to combine the features extracted from pre-trained AlexNet and Inception-v3 deep neural networks with features attained using segmentation-based fractal texture analysis (SFTA) of images representing the malware code. In this work, we use distinctive pre-trained models (AlexNet and Inception-V3) for feature extraction. The purpose of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction from two models is to improve the malware classifier accuracy, because both models have characteristics and qualities to extract different features. This technique produces a fusion of features to build a multimodal representation of malicious code that can be used to classify the grayscale images, separating the malware into 25 malware classes. The features that are extracted from malware images are then classified using different variants of support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), and other classifiers. To improve the classification results, we also adopted data augmentation based on affine image transforms. The presented method is evaluated on a Malimg malware image dataset, achieving an accuracy of 99.3%, which makes it the best among the competing approaches.

Download Full-text

Optimizing Error Rate in Intrusion Detection System Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology ◽

10.23956/ijermt.v6i9.102 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 152

Author(s):

S. Vijaya Rani ◽

G. N. K. Suresh Babu

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Artificial Neural Network ◽

Intrusion Detection ◽

Error Rate ◽

Learning Process ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Detection System ◽

Support Vector ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

Artificial Neural

The illegal hackers penetrate the servers and networks of corporate and financial institutions to gain money and extract vital information. The hacking varies from one computing system to many system. They gain access by sending malicious packets in the network through virus, worms, Trojan horses etc. The hackers scan a network through various tools and collect information of network and host. Hence it is very much essential to detect the attacks as they enter into a network. The methods available for intrusion detection are Naive Bayes, Decision tree, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Artificial Neural Networks. A neural network consists of processing units in complex manner and able to store information and make it functional for use. It acts like human brain and takes knowledge from the environment through training and learning process. Many algorithms are available for learning process This work carry out research on analysis of malicious packets and predicting the error rate in detection of injured packets through artificial neural network algorithms.

Download Full-text

Recognition of 3D Objects from 2D Views Features

Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations ◽

10.4018/jeco.2015040105 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 50-58

Author(s):

R. Khadim ◽

R. El Ayachi ◽

Mohamed Fakir

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Support Vector Machine ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Color Image ◽

Recognition Rate ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Support Vector ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

3D Objects ◽

Color Descriptor

This paper focuses on the recognition of 3D objects using 2D attributes. In order to increase the recognition rate, the present an hybridization of three approaches to calculate the attributes of color image, this hybridization based on the combination of Zernike moments, Gist descriptors and color descriptor (statistical moments). In the classification phase, three methods are adopted: Neural Network (NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN). The database COIL-100 is used in the experimental results.

Download Full-text

Application of Machine Learniing For Reservoir Facies Classification in Port Field, Offshore Niger Delta

10.2118/207163-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jerome Asedegbega ◽

Oladayo Ayinde ◽

Alexander Nwakanma

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Machine Learning ◽

Niger Delta ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Support Vector ◽

Data Preparation ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

Blind Test ◽

Facies Classification ◽

Well Data

Abstract Several computer-aided techniques have been developed in recent past to improve interpretational accuracy of subsurface geology. This paradigm shift has provided tremendous success in variety of Machine Learning Application domains and help for better feasibility study in reservoir evaluation using multiple classification techniques. Facies classification is an essential subsurface exploration task as sedimentary facies reflect associated physical, chemical, and biological conditions that formation unit experienced during sedimentation activity. This study however, employed formation samples for facies classification using Machine Learning (ML) techniques and classified different facies from well logs in seven (7) wells of the PORT Field, Offshore Niger Delta. Six wells were concatenated during data preparation and trained using supervised ML algorithms before validating the models by blind testing on one well log to predict discrete facies groups. The analysis started with data preparation and examination where various features of the available well data were conditioned. For the model building and performance, support vector machine, random forest, decision tree, extra tree, neural network (multilayer preceptor), k-nearest neighbor and logistic regression model were built after dividing the data sets into training, test, and blind test well data. Results of metric score for the blind test well estimated for the various models using Jaccard index and F1-score indicated 0.73 and 0.82 for support vector machine, 0.38 and 0.54 for random forest, 0.78 and 0.83 for extra tree, 0.91 and 0.95 for k-nearest neighbor, 0.41 and 0.56 for decision tree, 0.63 and 0.74 for logistic regression, 0.55 and 0.68 for neural network, respectively. The efficiency of ML techniques for enhancing the prediction accuracy and decreasing the procedure time and their approach toward the data, makes it importantly desirable to recommend them in subsurface facies classification analysis.

Download Full-text

A Comparison of the Analysis of Methods for Feature Extraction and Classification by Wavelet Transform in SSVEP BCIs

10.21203/rs.3.rs-82008/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hoda Heidari ◽

Zahra Einalou ◽

Mehrdad Dadgostar ◽

Hamidreza Hosseinzadeh

Keyword(s):

Feature Extraction ◽

Feature Selection ◽

Wavelet Transform ◽

Decision Tree ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Support Vector ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

Iir Filters ◽

Wide Range ◽

New Feature

Abstract Most of the studies in the field of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) based on electroencephalography have a wide range of applications. Extracting Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) is regarded as one of the most useful tools in BCI systems. In this study, different methods such as feature extraction with different spectral methods (Shannon entropy, skewness, kurtosis, mean, variance) (bank of filters, narrow-bank IIR filters, and wavelet transform magnitude), feature selection performed by various methods (decision tree, principle component analysis (PCA), t-test, Wilcoxon, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)), and classification step applying k nearest neighbor (k-NN), perceptron, support vector machines (SVM), Bayesian, multiple layer perceptron (MLP) were compared from the whole stream of signal processing. Through combining such methods, the effective overview of the study indicated the accuracy of classical methods. In addition, the present study relied on a rather new feature selection described by decision tree and PCA, which is used for the BCI-SSVEP systems. Finally, the obtained accuracies were calculated based on the four recorded frequencies representing four directions including right, left, up, and down.

Download Full-text

A New Approach to Fall Detection Based on Improved Dual Parallel Channels Convolutional Neural Network

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19122814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 2814 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaoguang Liu ◽

Huanliang Li ◽

Cunguang Lou ◽

Tie Liang ◽

Xiuling Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Fall Detection ◽

Classification Performance ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Support Vector ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Parallel Channels

Falls are the major cause of fatal and non-fatal injury among people aged more than 65 years. Due to the grave consequences of the occurrence of falls, it is necessary to conduct thorough research on falls. This paper presents a method for the study of fall detection using surface electromyography (sEMG) based on an improved dual parallel channels convolutional neural network (IDPC-CNN). The proposed IDPC-CNN model is designed to identify falls from daily activities using the spectral features of sEMG. Firstly, the classification accuracy of time domain features and spectrograms are compared using linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM). Results show that spectrograms provide a richer way to extract pattern information and better classification performance. Therefore, the spectrogram features of sEMG are selected as the input of IDPC-CNN to distinguish between daily activities and falls. Finally, The IDPC-CNN is compared with SVM and three different structure CNNs under the same conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed IDPC-CNN achieves 92.55% accuracy, 95.71% sensitivity and 91.7% specificity. Overall, The IDPC-CNN is more effective than the comparison in accuracy, efficiency, training and generalization.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Emotional Music on Active ROI in Patients with Depression Based on Deep Learning: A Task-State fMRI Study

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience ◽

10.1155/2019/5850830 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Renzhou Gui ◽

Tongjie Chen ◽

Han Nie

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Correlation Matrix ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Learning Model ◽

Fmri Data ◽

Support Vector ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

The Impact ◽

Deep Learning Model

With the continuous development of science, more and more research results have proved that machine learning is capable of diagnosing and studying the major depressive disorder (MDD) in the brain. We propose a deep learning network with multibranch and local residual feedback, for four different types of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data produced by depressed patients and control people under the condition of listening to positive- and negative-emotions music. We use the large convolution kernel of the same size as the correlation matrix to match the features and obtain the results of feature matching of 264 regions of interest (ROIs). Firstly, four-dimensional fMRI data are used to generate the two-dimensional correlation matrix of one person’s brain based on ROIs and then processed by the threshold value which is selected according to the characteristics of complex network and small-world network. After that, the deep learning model in this paper is compared with support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), a common deep neural network (DNN), and a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for classification. Finally, we further calculate the matched ROIs from the intermediate results of our deep learning model which can help related fields further explore the pathogeny of depression patients.

Download Full-text

Identification of Leukemia Subtypes from Microscopic Images Using Convolutional Neural Network

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics9030104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 104 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ahmed ◽

Yigit ◽

Isik ◽

Alpkocak

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Data Augmentation ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Training Data ◽

Support Vector ◽

K Nearest Neighbor ◽

Data Set ◽

Leukemia Data

Leukemia is a fatal cancer and has two main types: Acute and chronic. Each type has two more subtypes: Lymphoid and myeloid. Hence, in total, there are four subtypes of leukemia. This study proposes a new approach for diagnosis of all subtypes of leukemia from microscopic blood cell images using convolutional neural networks (CNN), which requires a large training data set. Therefore, we also investigated the effects of data augmentation for an increasing number of training samples synthetically. We used two publicly available leukemia data sources: ALL-IDB and ASH Image Bank. Next, we applied seven different image transformation techniques as data augmentation. We designed a CNN architecture capable of recognizing all subtypes of leukemia. Besides, we also explored other well-known machine learning algorithms such as naive Bayes, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and decision tree. To evaluate our approach, we set up a set of experiments and used 5-fold cross-validation. The results we obtained from experiments showed that our CNN model performance has 88.25% and 81.74% accuracy, in leukemia versus healthy and multiclass classification of all subtypes, respectively. Finally, we also showed that the CNN model has a better performance than other wellknown machine learning algorithms.

Download Full-text

Pearson Correlation-Based Feature Selection for Document Classification Using Balanced Training

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20236793 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 6793

Author(s):

Inzamam Mashood Nasir ◽

Muhammad Attique Khan ◽

Mussarat Yasmin ◽

Jamal Hussain Shah ◽

Marcin Gabryel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Feature Selection ◽

Data Augmentation ◽

Feature Fusion ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Document Classification ◽

Document Image ◽

Support Vector ◽

Neural Network Models ◽

The Impact

Documents are stored in a digital form across several organizations. Printing this amount of data and placing it into folders instead of storing digitally is against the practical, economical, and ecological perspective. An efficient way of retrieving data from digitally stored documents is also required. This article presents a real-time supervised learning technique for document classification based on deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), which aims to reduce the impact of adverse document image issues such as signatures, marks, logo, and handwritten notes. The proposed technique’s major steps include data augmentation, feature extraction using pre-trained neural network models, feature fusion, and feature selection. We propose a novel data augmentation technique, which normalizes the imbalanced dataset using the secondary dataset RVL-CDIP. The DCNN features are extracted using the VGG19 and AlexNet networks. The extracted features are fused, and the fused feature vector is optimized by applying a Pearson correlation coefficient-based technique to select the optimized features while removing the redundant features. The proposed technique is tested on the Tobacco3482 dataset, which gives a classification accuracy of 93.1% using a cubic support vector machine classifier, proving the validity of the proposed technique.

Download Full-text