scholarly journals Reconstructive Archaeology: In Situ Visualisation of Previously Excavated Finds and Features through an Ongoing Mixed Reality Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7803
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Dilena ◽  
Marie Soressi
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Freely Moving

Archaeological excavation is a demolishing process. Rather few elements outlast extractive operations. Therefore, it is hard to visualise the precise location of unearthed finds at a previously excavated research area. Here, we present a mixed reality environment that displays in situ 3D models of features that were formerly extracted and recorded with 3D coordinates during unearthing operations. We created a tablet application that allows the user to view the position, orientation and dimensions of every recorded find while freely moving around the archaeological site with the device. To anchor the model, we used physical landmarks left at the excavation. A series of customised forms were created to show (onscreen) the different types of features by superimposing them over the terrain as perceived by the tablet camera. The application permits zooming-in, zooming-out, querying for specific artefacts and reading metadata associated with the archaeological elements. When at the office, our environment enables accurate visualisations of the 3D geometry concerning previously unearthed features and their spatial relationships. The application operates using the Swift programming language, Python scripts and ARKit technology. We present here an example of its use at Les Cottés, France, a palaeolithic site where thousands of artefacts are excavated out of six superimposed layers with a complex conformation.

Is it possible to determine formation processes of organic deposits through polysaccharides? Pilot study from the prehistoric site in Brandýs nad Labem, Czech Republic

The Holocene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1273-1280
Author(s):  
Klement Rejšek ◽  
Jan Turek ◽  
Valerie Vranová ◽  
Roman Hadacz ◽  
Lenka Lisá
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Organic Deposits

This paper deals with a possible interpretation value of biochemical methods in comparison with the classic tools of geoarchaeology for the evaluation of formation processes. Organic rich layers from the archaeological site Brandýs nad Labem-Vrábí were tested with the aim to determine the origin of several different types of soil organic material by analyzing the content of different sugars. The studied soil body showed signs of cultural layer, redeposited soils, and in situ developed soil. The analysis of different sugars was highlighted: soil samples taken from these layers were analyzed to assess the ratios of mannose + galactose to arabinose + xylose, and of rhamnose + fucose to arabinose + xylose, content of Corg and different nitrates, as well as different rates of absorbance. The results show that the interpretation values of polysaccharides evaluation didn’t bring significant results itself, but in combination with classical tools of geoarchaeology may bring interpretable and new results.

scholarly journals Augmented reality in the dynamic world of virtual tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 942 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
Š Mudička ◽  
J Kello
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Virtual Tourism ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Visual Properties

Abstract The issue of virtual tourism penetrates the consciousness of many current explorers and visitors to interesting sites and local attractions. Is it really necessary to physically travel to the chosen location, sacrifice time, money and increase your carbon footprint? The article deals with the issue of creating an application using augmented reality for the presentation of 3D models of cultural monuments. The application is designed for mobile devices, on which museum visitors can view digital copies of selected objects of interest. They can also take a virtual tour of the museum through their mobile devices from the comfort of their home. The introductory part of the article describes surveying of shape and visual properties in situ using photogrammetry and laser scanning. The sequent chapters are an analysis of the creation of 3D models in real scale with photorealistic textures and their presentation in a mixed reality environment. In our case, we will specifically focus on the augmented reality application and its development in the Unity multiplatform game engine. The article aims to describe the development of a mobile marker-based AR application briefly, to demonstrate the possibilities of augmented reality and to indicate the potential benefits resulting from the integration of X-reality into our lives. Specifically, we will focus on the application of AR to cartographic works and the enrichment of the content of classical 2D map works and plans with virtually designed 3D models on their surface.

scholarly journals PRECISION POTENTIAL OF UNDERWATER NETWORKS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION THROUGH TRILATERATION AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Skarlatos ◽  
F. Menna ◽  
E. Nocerino ◽  
P. Agrafiotis
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Ground Control Points

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Given the rise and wide adoption of Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multi View Stereo (MVS) in underwater archaeology, this paper investigates the optimal option for surveying ground control point networks. Such networks are the essential framework for coregistration of photogrammetric 3D models acquired in different epochs, and consecutive archaeological related study and analysis. Above the water, on land, coordinates of ground control points are determined with geodetic methods and are considered often definitive. Other survey works are then derived from by using those coordinates as fixed (being ground control points coordinates considered of much higher precision). For this reason, equipment of proven precision is used with methods that not only compute the most correct values (according to the least squares principle) but also provide numerical measures of their precisions and reliability. Under the water, there are two options for surveying such control networks: trilateration and photogrammetry, with the former being the choice of the majority of archaeological expeditions so far. It has been adopted because of ease of implementation and under the assumption that it is more reliable and precise than photogrammetry.</p><p>This work aims at investigating the precision of network establishment by both methodologies by comparing them in a typical underwater archaeological site. Photogrammetric data were acquired and analysed, while the trilateration data were simulated under certain assumptions. Direct comparison of standard deviation values of both methodologies reveals a clear advantage of photogrammetry in the vertical (Z) axis and three times better results in horizontal precision.</p>

New Discoveries at the Middle Pleistocene Acheulian Site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Goren-Inbar ◽  
S. Belitzky ◽  
K. Verosub ◽  
E. Werker ◽  
M. Kislev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Excellent Opportunity ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Initial Results

AbstractThe Gesher Benot Ya'aqov archaeological site in the northern Dead Sea Rift of Israel contains Acheulian artifacts and middle Pleistocene fossils. Initial results of a new interdisciplinary study have shown that fluviolacustrine sediments of the Benot Ya'aqov Formation, which contains several archaeological occupations, were deposited in an embayment of the Hula Basin. They were subsequently deformed by tectonic activity associated with the Dead Sea Rift. Biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and K-Ar dating serve to constrain the age of the Benot Ya'aqov Formation to between 240,000 and 730,000 yr B.P. Archaeological excavation of three areas and two trenches at the new study area have produced abundant basalt, flint, and limestone artifacts, mammalian and avian fossils, and considerable plant material. The lithic materials provide an excellent opportunity to study large assemblages of in situ Acheulian artifacts, a rare phenomenon in the middle Pleistocene Levantine record. In addition, the organic materials will facilitate paleoenvironmental reconstructions from an ecological-floral perspective.

High-resolution nucleic acid sequence mapping via in situ hybridization at the Electron Microscope level

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 752-753
Author(s):  
B.A. Hamkalo ◽  
S. Narayanswami ◽  
A.P. Kausch
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Interphase Nucleus ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Fundamental Interest ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Dna And Rna

The availability of nonradioactive methods to label nucleic acids an the resultant rapid and greater sensitivity of detection has catapulted the technique of in situ hybridization to become the method of choice to locate of specific DNA and RNA sequences on chromosomes and in whole cells in cytological preparations in many areas of biology. It is being applied to problems of fundamental interest to basic cell and molecular biologists such as the organization of the interphase nucleus in the context of putative functional domains; it is making major contributions to genome mapping efforts; and it is being applied to the analysis of clinical specimens. Although fluorescence detection of nucleic acid hybrids is routinely used, certain questions require greater resolution. For example, very closely linked sequences may not be separable using fluorescence; the precise location of sequences with respect to chromosome structures may be below the resolution of light microscopy(LM); and the relative positions of sequences on very small chromosomes may not be feasible.

Pb Electrodeposition in the Presence of Chlorine Ions on Cu(100): An in Situ Optical Reflectivity Difference Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gray ◽  
W. Schwarzacher ◽  
X.D. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oblique Incidence ◽  
Opposite Sign ◽  
Bulk Phase ◽  
Phase Layer ◽  
Optical Reflectivity ◽  
Scan Rate ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chlorine Ions ◽  
High Overpotentials

AbstractWe studied the initial stages of the electrodeposition of Pb in the presence of chlorine ions on Cu(100), using an oblique-incidence optical reflectivity difference (OIRD) technique. The OI-RD results reveal that immediately following the underpotential deposition (UPD) of the first Pb monolayer, two different types of bulk-phase films grow depending upon the magnitude of overpotential and cyclic voltammetry (CV) scan rate. At low overpotentials and/or slow scan rates, we propose that a bulk-phase Pb film grows on top of the UPD monolayer. At high overpotentials and/or fast scan rates, either a PbO, PbCl2, or a rough Pb bulk-phase layer grows on top of the UPD layer such that the reflectivity difference signal from such a film has an opposite sign.

A Study on Utilization of Three-Dimensional Sensor Lip Image for Developing a Pronunciation Recognition System

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 50402-1-50402-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing-Jr Ding ◽  
Chong-Min Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Geometrical Characteristics ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Disabled

Abstract The acoustic-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) technique has been a matured technique and widely seen to be used in numerous applications. However, acoustic-based ASR will not maintain a standard performance for the disabled group with an abnormal face, that is atypical eye or mouth geometrical characteristics. For governing this problem, this article develops a three-dimensional (3D) sensor lip image based pronunciation recognition system where the 3D sensor is efficiently used to acquire the action variations of the lip shapes of the pronunciation action from a speaker. In this work, two different types of 3D lip features for pronunciation recognition are presented, 3D-(x, y, z) coordinate lip feature and 3D geometry lip feature parameters. For the 3D-(x, y, z) coordinate lip feature design, 18 location points, each of which has 3D-sized coordinates, around the outer and inner lips are properly defined. In the design of 3D geometry lip features, eight types of features considering the geometrical space characteristics of the inner lip are developed. In addition, feature fusion to combine both 3D-(x, y, z) coordinate and 3D geometry lip features is further considered. The presented 3D sensor lip image based feature evaluated the performance and effectiveness using the principal component analysis based classification calculation approach. Experimental results on pronunciation recognition of two different datasets, Mandarin syllables and Mandarin phrases, demonstrate the competitive performance of the presented 3D sensor lip image based pronunciation recognition system.

scholarly journals A Review of Photoelectrocatalytic Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198
Author(s):  
Stuart McMichael ◽  
Pilar Fernández-Ibáñez ◽  
John Anthony Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis ◽  
Semiconducting Materials ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Electrical Bias

The photoexcitation of suitable semiconducting materials in aqueous environments can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can inactivate microorganisms and degrade a range of chemical compounds. In the case of heterogeneous photocatalysis, semiconducting materials may suffer from fast recombination of electron–hole pairs and require post-treatment to separate the photocatalyst when a suspension system is used. To reduce recombination and improve the rate of degradation, an externally applied electrical bias can be used where the semiconducting material is immobilised onto an electrically conducive support and connected to a counter electrode. These electrochemically assisted photocatalytic systems have been termed “photoelectrocatalytic” (PEC). This review will explain the fundamental mechanism of PECs, photoelectrodes, the different types of PEC reactors reported in the literature, the (photo)electrodes used, the contaminants degraded, the key findings and prospects in the research area.

scholarly journals Selected In Situ Hybridization Methods: Principles and Application

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Dominika Veselinyová ◽  
Jana Mašlanková ◽  
Katarina Kalinová ◽  
Helena Mičková ◽  
Mária Mareková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Individual

We are experiencing rapid progress in all types of imaging techniques used in the detection of various numbers and types of mutation. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the primary technique for the discovery of mutation agents, which are presented in a variety of cells. The ability of DNA to complementary bind is one of the main principles in every method used in ISH. From the first use of in situ techniques, scientists paid attention to the improvement of the probe design and detection, to enhance the fluorescent signal intensity and inhibition of cross-hybrid presence. This article discusses the individual types and modifications, and is focused on explaining the principles and limitations of ISH division on different types of probes. The article describes a design of probes for individual types of in situ hybridization (ISH), as well as the gradual combination of several laboratory procedures to achieve the highest possible sensitivity and to prevent undesirable events accompanying hybridization. The article also informs about applications of the methodology, in practice and in research, to detect cell to cell communication and principles of gene silencing, process of oncogenesis, and many other unknown processes taking place in organisms at the DNA/RNA level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document