scholarly journals High-Density Wi-Fi Based Sensor Network for Efficient Irrigation Management in Precision Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Manuel Jiménez-Buendía ◽  
Fulgencio Soto-Valles ◽  
Pedro José Blaya-Ros ◽  
Ana Toledo-Moreo ◽  
Rafael Domingo-Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
High Density ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Heterogeneous Sensors ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Real Time Visualization ◽  
Semi Arid

The application of deficit irrigation techniques is essential in arid or semi-arid areas of the southeast of Spain, where water is a scarce and very costly resource. However, to apply these techniques, it is necessary to carry out preliminary tests on the specific crop in order to develop the models that allow the optimization of water use while achieving acceptable yields. The system proposed in this article demonstrates the feasibility of using wireless technologies available in most facilities (Wireless Fidelity) to deploy a high-density network of nodes with a variety of heterogeneous sensors to collect data from the soil, plant, and atmosphere. The data are sent and stored in a cloud server for real-time visualization from any mobile device and further analysis. The nodes have been developed using low-cost processors and are equipped with batteries and solar panels, allowing their autonomy to be virtually unlimited, as shown by the consumption studies and tests carried out.

scholarly journals IoT-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: An Overview on the Recent Trends on Sensors and IoT Systems for Irrigation in Precision Agriculture

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura García ◽  
Lorena Parra ◽  
Jose M. Jimenez ◽  
Jaime Lloret ◽  
Pascal Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Current State ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Agriculture Irrigation ◽  
Recent Trends

Water management is paramount in countries with water scarcity. This also affects agriculture, as a large amount of water is dedicated to that use. The possible consequences of global warming lead to the consideration of creating water adaptation measures to ensure the availability of water for food production and consumption. Thus, studies aimed at saving water usage in the irrigation process have increased over the years. Typical commercial sensors for agriculture irrigation systems are very expensive, making it impossible for smaller farmers to implement this type of system. However, manufacturers are currently offering low-cost sensors that can be connected to nodes to implement affordable systems for irrigation management and agriculture monitoring. Due to the recent advances in IoT and WSN technologies that can be applied in the development of these systems, we present a survey aimed at summarizing the current state of the art regarding smart irrigation systems. We determine the parameters that are monitored in irrigation systems regarding water quantity and quality, soil characteristics and weather conditions. We provide an overview of the most utilized nodes and wireless technologies. Lastly, we will discuss the challenges and the best practices for the implementation of sensor-based irrigation systems.

scholarly journals Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on physiology, yield and fruit quality in apricot trees under Mediterranean conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pérez-Sarmiento ◽  
José M. Mirás-Avalos ◽  
Rosalía Alcobendas ◽  
Juan J. Alarcón ◽  
Oussama Mounzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Semi Arid

Scarce water resources mainly in arid and semi-arid areas have caused an increasing interest for applying irrigation protocols aiming to reduce water spends. The effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on the performance of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L. cv. “Búlida”) were assessed in Murcia (SE Spain), during three consecutive growing seasons (2008-2010). The hypothesis was that RDI would not restrict yield but increase fruit quality while saving water. Two irrigation treatments were established: i) control, irrigated to fully satisfy crop water requirements (100% ETc) and ii) RDI, that reduced the amount of applied water to: a) 40% of ETc at flowering and stage I of fruit growth; b) 60% of ETc during the stage II of fruit growth and c) 50% and 25% of ETc during the late postharvest period (from 60 days after harvest). Stem water potential, gas exchanges, trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), fruit diameter, yield and fruit quality traits were determined. Vegetative growth was decreased by the use of RDI (12% less TCSA on average for the three years), whereas yield was unaffected. In addition, some qualitative characteristics of the fruits, such as the level of soluble solids, sweetness/acidity relation and fruit colour, were improved by the use of RDI. These results and average water savings of approximately 30%, lead us to conclude that RDI strategies are a possible solution for irrigation management in areas with water shortages, such as arid and semi-arid environments.

IoT based e-Healthcare System to Enable Remote Patient Care based on Cloud Server

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
P.Venu Gopala Rao ◽  
Eslavath Raja ◽  
Ramakrishna Gandi ◽  
G. Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
System Data ◽  
Remote Patient

IoT (Internet of Things) has become most significant area of research to design an efficient data enabled services with the help of sensors. In this paper, a low-cost system design for e-healthcare service to process the sensitive health data is presented. Vital signs of the human body are measured from the patient location and shared with a registered medical professional for consultation. Temperature and heart rate are the major signals obtained from a patient for the initial build of the system. Data is sent to a cloud server where processing and analysis is provided for the medical professional to analyze. Secure transmission and dissemination of data through the cloud server is provided with an authentication system and the patient could be able to track his data through a smart phone on connecting to the cloud server. A prototype of the system along with its design parameters has been discussed.

Modeling maize production under growth stage-based deficit irrigation management with RZWQM2

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 106767
Author(s):  
Huihui Zhang ◽  
Liwang Ma ◽  
Kyle R. Douglas-Mankin ◽  
Ming Han ◽  
Thomas J. Trout
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Maize Production

scholarly journals Maize Seedling Establishment, Grain Yield and Crop Water Productivity Response to Seed Priming and Irrigation Management in a Mediterranean Arid Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
AbdAllah M. El-Sanatawy ◽  
Ahmed S. M. El-Kholy ◽  
Mohamed M. A. Ali ◽  
Mohamed F. Awad ◽  
Elsayed Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Regimes

Water shortage is a major environmental stress that destructively impacts maize production, particularly in arid regions. Therefore, improving irrigation management and increasing productivity per unit of water applied are needed, especially under the rising temperature and precipitation fluctuations induced by climate change. Laboratory and field trials were carried out in the present study, which were aimed at assessing the possibility of promoting maize germination, growth, grain yield and crop water productivity (CWP) using seed priming under different irrigation regimes. Two seed priming treatments, i.e., hydro-priming and hardening versus unprimed seeds, were applied under four irrigation regimes, i.e., 120, 100, 80 and 60% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The obtained results indicated that increasing irrigation water from 100% up to 120% ETc did not significantly increase grain yield or contributing traits, while it decreased CWP. Deficit irrigation of 80 and 60% ETc gradually decreased grain yield and all attributed traits. Seed priming significantly ameliorated seedlings’ vigor as indicated by earlier germination, higher germination percentage, longer roots and shoots, and heavier fresh and dry weight than unprimed seeds with the superiority of hardening treatment. Additionally, under field conditions, seed priming significantly increased grain yield, yield contributing traits and CWP compared with unprimed treatment. Interestingly, the results reflect the role of seed priming, particularly hardening, in mitigating negative impacts of drought stress and enhancing maize growth, grain yield and attributed traits as well as CWP under deficit irrigation conditions. This was demonstrated by a significant increase in grain yield and CWP under moderate drought and severe drought conditions compared with unprimed treatment. These results highlight that efficient irrigation management and seed priming can increase maize yield and water productivity in arid environments.

scholarly journals Criteria for HydroSOS Quality Index. Application to Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Processed Table Olives

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Sánchez-Bravo ◽  
Jacinta Collado-González ◽  
Mireia Corell ◽  
Luis Noguera-Artiaga ◽  
Alejandro Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Table Olives ◽  
The Impact

Water, especially in arid and semiarid regions, is increasingly a disputed commodity among different productive sectors; the pressure for a more sustainable use of water in agriculture will grow. The main strategy to cope with water scarcity is the use of improved, innovative, and precise deficit irrigation management practices which are able to minimize the impact on fruit yield and quality. The aim of this paper was to develop a certification index or hydroSOS quality index for extra virgin olive oil and processed table olives. The hydrosSOS fruits and vegetables are those cultivated under regulated deficit irrigation (RDI). Different indicators in three quality areas ((i) fatty acids, (ii) phenolic compounds, and (iii) sensory attributes) were identified as showing characteristic or typical responses under RDI conditions. Marks or scores were assigned to each one of these indicators to calculate the proposed index. It can be concluded that an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) or processed table olives are hydroSOStainable foods, if they meet 2 conditions: (i) fulfill the conditions established in the hydroSOS “irrigation” index, and (ii) fulfill the requirements of the hydroSOS “quality” index. HydroSOS quality index will be specific to each crop and variety and will depend on functional and sensory factors.

scholarly journals Modelling the Impact on Root Water Uptake and Solute Return Flow of Different Drip Irrigation Regimes with Brackish Water

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fairouz Slama ◽  
Nessrine Zemni ◽  
Fethi Bouksila ◽  
Roberto De Mascellis ◽  
Rachida Bouhlila
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Root Water Uptake ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Semi Arid

Water scarcity and quality degradation represent real threats to economic, social, and environmental development of arid and semi-arid regions. Drip irrigation associated to Deficit Irrigation (DI) has been investigated as a water saving technique. Yet its environmental impacts on soil and groundwater need to be gone into in depth especially when using brackish irrigation water. Soil water content and salinity were monitored in a fully drip irrigated potato plot with brackish water (4.45 dSm−1) in semi-arid Tunisia. The HYDRUS-1D model was used to investigate the effects of different irrigation regimes (deficit irrigation (T1R, 70% ETc), full irrigation (T2R, 100% ETc), and farmer’s schedule (T3R, 237% ETc) on root water uptake, root zone salinity, and solute return flows to groundwater. The simulated values of soil water content (θ) and electrical conductivity of soil solution (ECsw) were in good agreement with the observation values, as indicated by mean RMSE values (≤0.008 m3·m−3, and ≤0.28 dSm−1 for soil water content and ECsw respectively). The results of the different simulation treatments showed that relative yield accounted for 54%, 70%, and 85.5% of the potential maximal value when both water and solute stress were considered for deficit, full. and farmer’s irrigation, respectively. Root zone salinity was the lowest and root water uptake was the same with and without solute stress for the treatment corresponding to the farmer’s irrigation schedule (273% ETc). Solute return flows reaching the groundwater were the highest for T3R after two subsequent rainfall seasons. Beyond the water efficiency of DI with brackish water, long term studies need to focus on its impact on soil and groundwater salinization risks under changing climate conditions.

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