scholarly journals Feasibility Analysis of Brewers’ Spent Grain for Energy Use: Waste and Experimental Pellets

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2740
Author(s):  
José Ignacio Arranz ◽  
Francisco José Sepúlveda ◽  
Irene Montero ◽  
Pilar Romero ◽  
María Teresa Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Physical Energy ◽  
Initial Characterization ◽  
Small Industry ◽  
Spent Grain

Waste production is increasing every day as a consequence of human activities; thus, its valorization is becoming more important. For this purpose, the usage of wastes as biofuels is one of the most important aspects of sustainable strategies. This is the case of the main waste generated in brewing industries: brewers’ spent grain (BSG). In this sector, microbreweries are not able to properly manage the wastes that they generate due to lack of space. Consequently, the transformation of BSG to a high-quality biofuel might be an interesting option for this kind of small industry. In this work, we carried out a physical-energy characterization of BSG, as well as pellets from this waste. The initial characterization showed slightly unfavorable results concerning N and ash, with values of 3.76% and 3.37% db, respectively. Nevertheless, the physical characterization of the pellets was very good, with acceptable bulk density (662.96 kg·m−3 wb) and low heating value (LHV; 17.65 MJ·kg−1 wb), among others. This situation is very favorable for any of the intended uses (for energy use or animal feed, among others).

scholarly journals Caracterização CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS DA REGIÃO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL PARA FINS ENERGÉTICOS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
BRUNA BARBARA MACIEL AMORAS ORELLANA ◽  
Ailton Teixeira do Vale ◽  
Jorge Breno Palheta Orellana ◽  
Bruno Sant'Anna Chaves ◽  
Alessandro César de Oliveira Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Timber Construction ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Immediate Analysis

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS DA REGIÃO DO DISTRITO FEDERAL PARA FINS ENERGÉTICOS   BRUNA BARBARA MACIEL AMORAS ORELLANA¹, AILTON TEIXEIRA DO VALE², JORGE BRENO PALHETA ORELLANA³, BRUNO SANT'ANNA CHAVES4, ALESSANDRO CÉZAR DE OLIVEIRA MOREIRA5   ¹Heko Tech Consultoria, SIG, Quadra 4, Lote 25, CEP 70610-440, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil, [email protected] ² Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, s/n, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil, [email protected] ³Heko Tech Consultoria, SIG, Quadra 4, Lote 25, CEP 70610-440, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil, [email protected] 4Laboratório de Bioenergia, Serviço Florestal Brasileiro, SCEN, Trecho 2, CEP 70818-900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil, [email protected] 5Laboratório de Produtos Florestais, Serviço Florestal Brasileiro, SCEN, Trecho 2, CEP 70818-900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil, [email protected]   RESUMO: O Distrito Federal, apesar do seu restrito limite geográfico, tem apresentado potencial de crescimento e desenvolvimento de uma das agriculturas mais tecnológicas do país. As atividades agrícolas geram expressiva quantidade de resíduos que podem se tornar um passivo ambiental se não forem corretamente destinados. Visando contribuir para que o agronegócio da região do DF seja mais eficiente e sustentável, este trabalho objetivou caracterizar alguns resíduos agrícolas para seu aproveitamento energético. Utilizaram-se 10 tipos de resíduos, a fim de determinar o teor de umidade, análise imediata, análise química, granulometria, poder calorífico, densidade a granel e densidade energética. Os resíduos que apresentaram características energéticas mais aceitáveis foram: madeira de madeireira, madeira de construção civil, palha de milho e sabugo de milho. O feijão foi satisfatório, com ressalvas para o teor de cinzas. A quirela de milho e de sorgo não apresentou aptidão como fonte de energia devido ao excesso de amido.   Palavras-chave: agricultura, bioenergia, biomassa, centro-oeste, energias renováveis.   CHARACTERIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES FROM FEDERAL DISTRICT REGION FOR ENERGY PURPOSES   ABSTRACT: The Federal District, although restricted geographical limit, has shown potential for growth and development of one of the most technological agriculture in the country. Agricultural activities generate a significant amount of waste that can become an environmental liability if not properly disposed. Aiming to contribute to the DF region agribusiness be more efficient and sustainable, this paper aims to characterize some agricultural residues for energy use. It was used 10 types of residues, where the moisture content, immediate analysis, chemical analysis, granulometry, heating value, bulk density and energy density were verified. The residues that presented the most acceptable energy characteristics were: timber, construction timber, corn straw and corn cob. The beans were satisfactory, with caveats to the ash content. Quirela of corn and sorghum showed no aptitude as energy source due to excess starch.   Keywords: agriculture, bioenergy, biomass, midwest, renewable energy.

scholarly journals Identification and initial characterization of POLIII-driven transcripts by msRNA-sequencing.

RNA Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zorn ◽  
Danny Misiak ◽  
Michael Gekle ◽  
Marcel Köhn
Keyword(s):  
Initial Characterization

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Microcystis aeruginosa for Feed and Energy Uses

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3013
Author(s):  
Larissa Souza Passos ◽  
Éryka Costa Almeida ◽  
Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira ◽  
Alessandro Alberto Casazza ◽  
Attilio Converti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Degradation Reactions

Cyanobacterial blooms and strains absorb carbon dioxide, drawing attention to its use as feed for animals and renewable energy sources. However, cyanobacteria can produce toxins and have a low heating value. Herein, we studied a cyanobacterial strain harvested during a bloom event and analyzed it to use as animal feed and a source of energy supply. The thermal properties and the contents of total nitrogen, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acids, lipid, and the presence of cyanotoxins were investigated in the Microcystis aeruginosa LTPNA 01 strain and in a bloom material. Microcystins (hepatotoxins) were not detected in this strain nor in the bloom material by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that degradation reactions (devolatilization) initiated at around 180 °C, dropping from approximately 90% to 20% of the samples’ mass. Our work showed that despite presenting a low heating value, both biomass and non-toxic M. aeruginosa LTPNA 01 could be used as energy sources either by burning or producing biofuels. Both can be considered a protein and carbohydrate source similar to some microalgae species as well as biomass fuel. It could also be used as additive for animal feed; however, its safety and potential adverse health effects should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Editorial for Special Issue “Historical Mineral Pigments”

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Carolina Cardell ◽  
Jose Santiago Pozo-Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Glass Enamel ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

The physical–chemical characterization of natural and synthetic historical inorganic and mineral pigments, which may be found embedded in paintings (real or mock-ups), glass, enamel, ceramics, beads, tesserae, etc., as well as their alteration under different decay scenarios, is a demanding line of investigation. This field of research is now both well established and dynamic, as revealed by the numerous publications in high-quality journals of varied scientific disciplines. [...]

scholarly journals Potential of Brewer’s Spent Grain as a Potential Replacement of Wood in pMDI, UF or MUF Bonded Particleboard

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Marius Cătălin Barbu ◽  
Zeno Montecuccoli ◽  
Jakob Förg ◽  
Ulrike Barbeck ◽  
Petr Klímek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Bond ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Brewer’S Spent Grain ◽  
Beer Brewing ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Spent Grain

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the richest by-product (85%) of the beer-brewing industry, that can be upcycled in a plentiful of applications, from animal feed, bioethanol production or for removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The aim of this research is to investigate the mechanical, physical and structural properties of particleboard manufactured with a mixture of wood particles and BSG gradually added/replacement in 10%, 30% and 50%, glued with polymeric diisocyanate (pMDI), urea-formaldehyde (UF) and melamine urea-formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives. The density, internal bond, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, screw withdrawal resistance, thickness swelling and water absorption were tested. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy anaylsis was carried out to analyze the structure of the panels after the internal bond test. Overall, it was shown that the adding of BSG decreases the mechanical performance of particleboard, due to reduction of the bonding between wood and BSG particles. This decrease has been associated with the structural differences proven by SEM inspection. Interaction of particles with the adhesive is different for boards containing BSG compared to those made from wood. Nevertheless, decrease in the mechanical properties was not critical for particleboards produced with 10% BSG which could be potentially classified as a P2 type, this means application in non-load-bearing panel for interior use in dry conditions, with high dimensional stability and stiffness.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Fermented Brewers Spent Grain in the Production of Sourdough Bread

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Frank Vriesekoop ◽  
Annie Haynes ◽  
Niels van der Heijden ◽  
Hao Liang ◽  
Paraskevi Paximada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Western World ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Sourdough Bread ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Type 3

The utilisation of food production by-products back into food production within a circular food economy is one of the driving examples to improve sustainability within the food industry. Brewers spent grain is the most abundant by-product from the brewing industry, with currently most of it being used as animal feed. In this study, we utilised brewers spent grain as a substrate in a solid-state fermentation in order to produce a Type-3 sourdough culture. Sourdough bread is becoming increasingly popular throughout the western world. The use of fermented brewers spent grain in the production of sourdough bread yielded sourdough bread that was acceptable by consumers. We also investigated the production and presence of the main organic acids in sourdough during the proofing process and the baking process. The baking trials showed that there was a reduction in both lactic and acetic acid content during the actual baking process. The reduction in the concentration of both organic acids appears to be at the heart of the observation that for both organic acids, there is typically a lower concentration in the crust compared to the crumb of the sourdough breads, which was observed in our sourdough breads and those commercially available.

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