scholarly journals Antifouling Membranes Based on Cellulose Acetate (CA) Blended with Poly(acrylic acid) for Heavy Metal Remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4354
Author(s):  
Ibtissem Ounifi ◽  
Youssef Guesmi ◽  
Claudia Ursino ◽  
Sergio Santoro ◽  
Selim Mahfoudhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Heavy Metal Remediation ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Hydrophilic Character ◽  
Uf Membranes ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Fouling has been widely recognized as the Achilles’ heel of membrane processes and the growing perception about the relevance of this critical issue has driven the development of advanced antifouling strategies. Herein, novel fouling-resistant ultrafiltration (UF) membranes for Cadmium (Cd) remediation were developed via a blending method by combining the flexibility of cellulose acetate (CA) with the complex properties of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). A systematic characterization, based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), confirmed the homogeneity of the blend favored by hydrogen interconnections between CA and PAA polymeric chains. The concentration of PAA with respect to CA played a key role in tuning the morphology and the hydrophilic character of the novel UF membranes prepared via non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS). UF experiments revealed the tremendous advantages of the blend since CA/PAA membranes showed superior performance with respect to the neat CA membrane in terms of (i) water permeability; (ii) Cd rejection; and (iii) antifouling resistance to humic acid (HA). Concisely, the increasing of the concentration of PAA in the casting solution was found to be beneficial to improve the flux recovery ratio (FRR) coupled with the decline of the total fouling ratio (Rt). Overall, PAA is an effective additive to prepare CA membranes with enhanced antifouling properties exploitable for the remediation of water bodies contaminated by heavy metals via UF process.

Ultrasonic Synthesis and Properties of Sodium Lignosulfonate-grafted Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Superabsorbent Polymer

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Hao ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Zilong Zhou ◽  
Xiaowei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

In this paper, a green and high-efficiency method (ultrasound synthesis) has been applied in the preparation of a sodium lignosulfonate-grafted poly(acrylic acid-co-vinyl alcohol) superabsorbent polymer (SL-P(AA-co-VA)). By Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry, the successful preparation was confirmed. An L16(4)5 orthogonal experiment was carried out to optimize synthetic conditions for SL-P(AA-co-VA). Under the optimized synthetic conditions, maximum water absorbency (949 g g–1) and physiological saline absorbency (62 g g–1) were achieved. Adjusting pH reduces the water absorbency of SL-P(AA-co-VA), as does the presence of metal ions. However, a rise in temperature does not have a significant influence on it. In general, both the water absorbency and physiological saline absorbency of SL-P(AA-co-VA) were significantly improved versus P(AA-co-VA) superabsorbent.

Synthesis and characterization of organogel from poly(acrylic acid) with cellulose acetate

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Rivas-Orta ◽  
Rocío Antonio-Cruz ◽  
José Luis Rivera-Armenta ◽  
Ana Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
Roberto Ramírez-Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Potassium Persulphate ◽  
Crystal Forms ◽  
Separation Characteristic ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Secondary Reactions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

AbstractIn the last decade, the interest in physical organogels has grown rapidly with the discovery and synthesis of a very large number of diverse molecules, which used organic solvents at low concentrations. New organogels based on poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) and cellulose acetate (CA) were prepared as thin films to study properties and swelling behavior. In organogels synthesis different crosslinking agent and initiator concentrations were studied. The swelling for PAA/CA organogels was carried out with acetone at 3 different temperatures (30°, 40° and 50 °C) and pH of 6.5 (pHacetone= 6.5). The higher swelling for PAA/CA organogels was 770% for 25PAA/75CA composition ratio with 3%wt N,N´-methylene-bis acrylamide (MBA) and 1%wt potassium persulphate (KPS) at 30 °C. The films were analyzed by FTIR and the presence of functional groups of each polymer was confirmed without secondary reactions. The DSC analysis indicated two glass transition temperatures (Tg); at 106 °C corresponding to PAA and 86 °C, corresponding to CA, respectively, indicative of phase separation, characteristic of gels. Surface morphology was analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showing smooth surface and small crystal forms.

scholarly journals Thermal analysis studies on the compatibility of furosemide with solid state and liquid crystalline excipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Marilena Vlachou ◽  
Natassa Pippa ◽  
Angeliki Siamidi ◽  
Aimilia Kyrili
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

In the context of the present study, the thermal behavior of furosemide and the solid state excipients, sodium alginate, poly(ethylene oxide), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), lactose mono-hydrate and magnesium stearate, using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), was probed. It was found that the thermal behavior of these solid-state pharmaceutical excipients and furosemide correlates nicely with the literature relevant data. Regarding the furosemide-excipients mixtures, the DSC scans appear as a compilation of the thermal curves of each excipient. This suggests that the formulations containing these mixtures, may retain their stability over time. This information, which arises from the cooperativity of materials, their thermal stability and behavioris very helpful for the research and development of safe and effective pharmaceutical formulations. DSC experiments were also carried out with chimeric bilayers (called ?liposomes?), composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and poly(n-butylacrylate)-b-poly(acrylic acid) block copolymer with 70 % content of poly(acrylic acid (PnBA-b-PAA 30/70) with the addition of furosemide at the molar ratio of 9:0.1:1.0 in the system HSPC:PnBA-b-PAA 30/70:furosemide. Chimeric liposomal systems were characterized as ?fluid-like? by their DSC curves, which may be potentially translated as an easy way for release of furosemide from the advanced delivery system.

Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Blended with Natural Rubber-Graft- Poly(Acrylic Acid)

2020 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Thamolwan Udomkitpanya ◽  
Kawee Srikulkit
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was grafted onto natural rubber (NR) to improve the compatibility of NR and poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Polymer blend between PLA and NR-g-PAA was prepared by an internal mixer. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), tensile testing, impact testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to determine the functional group, mechanical properties and thermal properties of blends, respectively. Results showed that the addition of NR-g-PAA significantly improved the elongation, impact strength and thermal stability of blends. The P70N30 was the optimum composition to obtain improved mechanical properties of PLA.

Swelling Properties and Kinetics of Starch-g-Poly(acrylic acid) Hydrogels

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1316-1320
Author(s):  
Ji Yan Shi ◽  
Li Ren Fan ◽  
Ji Qing Song ◽  
Wen Bo Bai
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hygroscopic Swelling ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Starch-g-poly(acrylic acid) (CSt-g-PAA) hydrogels were prepared from cassava starch and acrylic acid by graft polymerization. The hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). Additionally, the water absorbency and hygroscopic swelling properties of the hydrogels were investigated respectively. The two processes were simulated using mathematical modes. The results revealed that the crystal structure of starch was destroyed. At 40°C and relative humidity 90% (90% RH), the samples (starch mass15%, 50%) have a better performance of the moisture absorption. Hygroscopic rate declined with the increase of relative humidity.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Bamboo-like Multiwall Carbon Nanotube–Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-Itaconic Acid)/NaOH Composite Hydrogel and its Potential Application for Electrochemical Detection of Cadmium(II)

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Luis F. Chazaro-Ruiz ◽  
Miguel Olvera-Sosa ◽  
Gabriela Vidal ◽  
J. Rene Rangel-Mendez ◽  
Gabriela Palestino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Multiwall Carbon ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

A poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid) (PAA-co-IA)/NaOH hydrogel containing bamboo-type multiwall carbon nanotubes (B-MWCNTs) doped with nitrogen (PAA-co-IA/NaOH/B-MWCNTs) was synthesized and characterized by SEM, absorption of water, point of zero charges, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The possible use of the PAA-co-IA/NaOH/B-MWCNT hydrogel as an electrode modifier and pre-concentrator agent for Cd(II) sensing purposes was then evaluated using carbon paste electrodes via differential pulse voltammetry. The presence of the B-MWCNTs in the hydrogel matrix decreased its degree of swelling, stabilized the structure of the swollen gel, and favored the detection of 3 ppb Cd(II), which is comparable to the World Health Organization’s allowable maximum value in drinking water. A calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 2.67 × 10−8 to 6.23 × 10−7 M (i.e., 3 and 70 ppb) to determine a limit of detection (LOD) of 19.24 μgL−1 and a sensitivity of 0.15 μC ppb−1. Also, the Zn(II), Hg(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions interfered moderately on the determination of Cd(II).

Decolourization performance in C. I. Vat Yellow 1 aqueous suspension using hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid)

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1638-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chen ◽  
M. C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Hydrophobically Modified ◽  
Fluid Behavior ◽  
Nmr Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbance Data ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

A series of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(2-phenoxyethyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (poly(PHEA-co-AA)), have been synthesized and characterized by Ubbelohde type viscometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectrometry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The shear thinning Non-Newtonian fluid behavior of their aqueous solution and the dependence on pH and hydrophobic group contents were found through apparent viscosity and rheological property investigating. Decolourization performance in C. I. Vat Yellow 1 aqueous suspension was evaluated through visible absorbance data. Decolourization performance of hydrophobically associated polymer indicates two times better than that of PAA. The quantitative relationship was mainly studied.

scholarly journals Using Carbomer-Based Hydrogels for Control the Release Rate of Diclofenac Sodium: Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Muhammad Suhail ◽  
Pao-Chu Wu ◽  
Muhammad Usman Minhas
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Research Work ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Amorphous Network ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

The aim of the current research work was to prepare Car934-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels by the free-radical polymerization technique. Various concentrations of carbopol, acrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were employed for the fabrication of Car934-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) studies were performed to know the structural arrangement, thermal stability, physical appearance and amorphous network of developed hydrogels. FTIR analysis revealed that carbopol reacted with acrylic acid during the process of polymerization and confirmed the grafting of acrylic acid over the backbone of carbopol. TGA and DSC studies showed that developed hydrogels were thermally stable. Surface morphology was analyzed by SEM, which confirmed a porous network of hydrogels. PXRD analysis indicated that crystallinity of the drug was reduced by the amorphous network of hydrogels. Furthermore, swelling studies for all developed hydrogels were performed at both media, i.e., pH 1.2 and 7.4, and higher swelling was exhibited at pH 7.4. Sol–gel analysis was performed to evaluate the soluble unreacted part of the fabricated hydrogels. Similarly, an in-vitro study was conducted for all hydrogel formulations at both acidic (pH 1.2) and basic (pH 7.4) mediums, and a greater drug release was observed at pH 7.4. Different kinetics such as zero-order, first-order, the Higuchi model and the Korsmeyer–Peppas model were applied to know the mechanism of release order of drugs from the hydrogels.

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