scholarly journals Anatomical Characteristics of the Masseter Muscle in Mandibular Prognathism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4444
Author(s):  
Ji Ho Yang ◽  
Dong Sun Shin ◽  
Jeong-Hun Yoo ◽  
Hun Jun Lim ◽  
Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
The Difference

Mandibular prognathism causes functional and esthetic problems. Therefore, many studies have been conducted to understand its etiology. Following our previous study, which revealed that the major characteristic of the mandible with prognathism is the volume/length ratio of the mandibular body and condyle, we analyzed the volume and orientation of the masseter muscle, which inserts into the mandibular body, expecting that the difference in the size of the masseter muscle causes the difference in the mandibular size. This study compared the masseter muscle of the participants in the prognathic group to those in the normal group on the volume/length ratio and orientation. The masseter muscle ratios (volume/length); the angle between the superficial and deep head of the masseter muscle; and the three planes (the palatal, occlusal, and mandibular) were analyzed. A total of 30 participants constituted the normal group (male: 15, female: 15) and 30 patients, the prognathic group (male: 15, female: 15). The results showed that the volume/length ratio of the masseter of the normal group was greater than that of the prognathic group (p < 0.05). In addition, the orientation of both the superficial and deep head of the masseter of the participants in the normal group was more vertical with respect to the mandibular plane than that of the prognathic group (p < 0.05). We concluded that the mechanical disadvantage of the masseter muscle of the prognathic group is attributed to mandibular prognathism.

scholarly journals Anatomical Characteristics of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle in Mandibular Prognathism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7970
Author(s):  
Hwikang Kim ◽  
Dongsun Shin ◽  
Jaehyun Kang ◽  
Seewoon Kim ◽  
Hunjun Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
The Relationship

Mandibular prognathism is one of the most concerning subjects in the oral and maxillofacial fields. In our previous studies, we attempted to clarify the etiology of mandibular prognathism. They revealed that one of the major characteristics of mandibular prognathism was the lower volume/length ratio of the mandibular condyle and body compared to normal, and the masseter muscle showed parallelism with this. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mandibular prognathism and the lateral pterygoid muscle by measuring the orientation and volume/length ratio of the lateral pterygoid muscle. Computed tomography was used to calculate the volume/length ratio of the lateral pterygoid muscle in 60 Korean individuals. Mimics 10.0 and Maya version 2018 were used to reconstruct the surface area and surface planes. The results showed that the prognathic group showed smaller lateral pterygoid volume/length ratios compared to the normal group (p < 0.05). In addition, the normal group displayed a larger horizontal angle (p < 0.05) to the mandibular and palatal planes than the prognathic group. This demonstrated that the mechanical drawback of the lateral pterygoid in the prognathic group is associated with mandibular prognathism.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to compare the biochemical parameters in low normal versus high normal plasma glucose levels in euglycemic individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Jhavar ◽  
Neha Kirti ◽  
Sumit Kumar Vishwakarma ◽  
Umesh Kumar Chandra ◽  
Vinod Verma
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Since a long time ago, the experts have realized that determination of cut-off point for diagnosing diabetes will be revised over time with the lower blood glucose level as the more sensitive diagnosis for detecting the occurring complication and biochemical changes.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of medicine, M.G.M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital Indore from July, 2016 to August, 2017 in 200 individuals and patients having euglycemic status attending General Medicine OPD.Results: In the low and high normal group 2 (2.0%) and 8 (8.0%) were having abnormal total cholesterol (TC) level respectively. The mean total cholesterol in the low normal group was 117.16±26.94mg/dl and it was 154.74±28.38mg/dl in the high normal group. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.000). In the low and high normal group, 4 (4.0%) and 17 (17.0%) were having abnormal triglyceride (TG) levels respectively. The mean TG levels in the low and high normal group were 96.93±22.64mg/dl and 110.55±32.37mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.001). In the low and high normal group, 6 (6.0%) and 14 (14.0%) patient was having abnormal uric acid levels respectively. The mean uric acid levels in the low and high normal group was 4.88±1.10mg/dl and 5.31±1.31mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.013).Conclusions: Higher levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides were found more commonly in high normal euglycemic group compared to low normal euglycemic group. Mean cholesterol and mean triglyceride levels were higher in high normal euglycemic group.

Post-embryonic development of Lithobius curtipes C. L. Koch (Chilopoda: Lithobiidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe variation during development in the following characters of Lithobills curtipes is described: body-length, head-length, ratio head-length/body-length and head-length/headwidth, number of coxal pores, ocelli, antennal articles and teeth on forcipular coxosternite, projections on tergites 9, 11 and 13, spinulation of the last pair of legs (DampP on all legs), accessory apical claws on the 15th pair of legs, genitalia and male secondary sex character. Also the difference between male and female and the correlation with size within each post-larval stadium are given. The boundary between juvenile and adult stadia, the number of post-larval stadia and some geographical variation concerning Swedish and German material are dicussed. Useful characters for identifying L. curtipes and L. crassipes are also discussed.

Post-embryonic development of Lithobius calcaratus C. L. Koch (Chilopoda: Lithobiidae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cephalic Shield

AbstractThe variation during development in the following characters of Lithobius calcaratus is described: body-length, head-length, ratio head-length/body-length and head-length/ head-width, number of coxal pores, ocelli, antennal articles and teeth on forcipular coxosternite, projections on tergites 9, 11 and 13, spinulation on the last pair of legs, accessory apical claws on the 15th pair of legs, genitalia, male secondary sex character and the pattern on the cephalic shield. Also the difference between male and female and the correlation with size within each post-larval stadium are given. The boundary between juvenile and adult stadia and the number of post-larval stadia are discussed.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Citra Diri dan Kesukaan Makanan Tertentu pada Siswa-Siswi Gizi Lebih dan Normal

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Annisa Arifiana Lestari ◽  
Merryana Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Overweight Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Weight Data ◽  
Favourite Food

Latar Belakang: Citra diri dapat memprediksi munculnya depresi, gangguan makan dan kepercayaan diri. Menyukai suatu makanan secara berlebih dapat mempengaruhi status gizi individu.Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan citra diri dan kesukaan makanan tertentu pada siswa-siswi gizi lebih dan normal di SMP Muhammdiyah 5 Pucang Surabaya.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi case control dan melibatkan 42 responden yang dibagi menjadi 21 siswa-siswi dengan gizi lebih dan 21 murid dengan status gizi normal. Dilakukan pengukuran berat badan menggunakan digital body scale dan tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise untuk menilai status gizi. Wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner kepada responden untuk mengetahui karakteristik, citra diri dan kesukaan makanan tertentu. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Mann Whitney dengan p<0,05.Hasil: Pada kelompok gizi lebih terdapat 10 responden yang merasa citra dirinya obesitas dan ingin menurunkan berat badan (47,62%). Lalu, pada kelompok status gizi normal terdapat 16 responden yang merasa citra dirinya adalah normal (76,19%), menginginkan penurunan berat badan sebanyak 5 responden (31,25%), 8 responden (50%) ingin memiliki berat badan tetap dan 3 responden (18,75%) ingin menaikkan berat badannya dengan nilai p = 0,000. Untuk kesukaan makanan pada bahan makanan tertentu, kelompok gizi lebih dan normal lebih menyukai minuman berpemanis (38,1% dan 61,9%) dengan nilai p = 0,037.Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan citra diri dan kesukaan makanan tertentu pada kelompok gizi lebih dan normal.ABSTRACTBackground: Body image could express such as depression, eating disorder and self esteem. If someone like to ate some specific food too much it can affected to nutrition status.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze of the difference of body image and favourite food between students with overweight and normal at SMP Muhammadiyah 5 Pucang Surabaya.Methods: The design of this study was case control involving 42 samples with 21 case sampels for overweight and 21 control sampels for normal student. The questioners were about body height and weight, data identity, body image and food preferences. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney with p < 0,005.Results: There were 10 sampels in overweight group who felt they were obese and wanted to lose weight. In normal group there were 16 sampels who felt their body image was normal and 5 sampels in this group wanted to lose weight too, and the score for the p value = 0,000. As for food preferences, the overweight groups was more like to ate fried food (28,6%), while the normal group more preferred to ate sweetened foods and drinks (61,9%) with p value = 0,037.Conclusions: In conclusion there were differences of body image and favourite food between two groups

scholarly journals Correlation between the size of the maxillary sinus and vertical growth patterns: a 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yili ◽  
Huang Yingyi ◽  
Fan Jiaqian ◽  
Liu Fan ◽  
Yonghua Lei
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Volume ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Mandibular Body

Abstract Background The maxillary sinus has been considered as an important factor that affects the development of craniomaxillofacial bone. However, the correlation between the maxillary sinus and skeletal malocclusion is controversial. This study aimed to compare the dimensions of the maxillary sinus in patients with different vertical growth patterns and investigated the correlation between the maxillary sinus and craniofacial parameters.Methods This descriptive study included 90 patients from age 15 to 20 years old. According to the vertical growth patterns that were classified by MP-FH (angle between the mandibular plane and Frankfort horizontal plane), they were equally divided into three groups: high-, low- and normal-angle, and the gender ratio was 1:1. Cephalometric tracings were conducted from CBCT images, which were also used to measure the dimensions and volume of the maxillary sinus. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple comparison LSD.Results The variables of the maxillary sinus, including the volume, length, and width, among different groups, were significant(p<0.05). The variables of mandibular body length were significantly correlated with the volume of the maxillary sinus (p<0.01), and the coefficient was 0.425.Conclusions The maxillary sinus volume, length, and width were larger in low-angle patients. The mandibular body length had a significantly positive correlation with the maxillary sinus volume.

Platelet Survival Time in Angina Pectoris Treated with Clofibrate or Placebo

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. C. Jonker ◽  
W. Schopman ◽  
L. H. M. v. Riel ◽  
J. C. v. d. Steur ◽  
W. Stoets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference

With platelet survival time (PST) determinations we observed in a group of 20 normal volunteers a platelet half life time (T½) of 99.05 hours. In a group of 35 patients with angina pectoris (A. P.) we obtained a T½ of 84.6 hours (p < 0.05).In a second trial on the effect of Clofibrate in patients with E. C. G. proven A. P., we obtained in 46 patients a T½ of 84.9 hours.The difference with the “normal” group was again significant (p < 0.02). When looking at patients with A. P. + hyperliporoteinaemie (HLP), we found in comparison with the “normal” group in A. P. + HLP type IIA: acc. to Frederickson: T½ = 96,7 (ns); in A. P. + HLP type IIB: T½ = 88.3 (p < 0.2), in A. P. + HLP type IV: T½ = 82.2 (p < 0,02).After 6 months treatment with Clofibrate or Placebo there was in the 27 A. P. treated with Clofebrate a significant increase in T½ of 106.8 hours (p < 0.01). In the group A. P. + HLP type IIB T½ = 90 (ns) and in the group A. P. + HLP type IV T½ = 94,3 (ns).In the 27 Clofibrate treated patients cholesterol level decreased from 257 mg% to 217 mg% (p < 0.001), the fibrinogen level from 397 mg% to 247 mg% (p < 0.001) and the ESR from 22 mm to 14,7 mm (p < 0.01). Results and possible explanations will be discussed.

Selecting for nutritive value in Digitaria milanjiana. 3. Relation of chemical composition and morphological and anatomical characteristics to the difference in digestibility of divergently selected full sibs, and comparison with D. eriantha ssp. pentzii

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Masaoka ◽  
JR Wilson ◽  
JB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
The Difference

Comparisons were made of the dry matter digestibility (DMD) and yield of plant fractions harvested from long-established swards of 6 genotypes of Digitaria milanjiana selected from 3 F1 families for high and low leaf digestibility, and D. eriantha ssp. pentzii (pangola grass). Defined leaf blade, sheath and stem internode fractions were collected at different sward development stages and analysed for DMD, chemical composition, and tissue morphological and anatomical characteristics. The leaf blade of each high-digestibility genotype was consistently superior (1.9-4.5 percentage units) in DMD to that of its low digestibility counterpart, and to pangola grass, at both vegetative and reproductive -- stages. For leaf sheath and stem, the superiority in DMD of the high digestibility group was not evident or was less pronounced. The high DMD selections had green leaf dry matter yields comparable to those of the low DMD group but higher than those of pangola grass. The gain in DMD for leaf blade of the high over the low digestibility selection was consistently correlated with a decrease in cell wall content, acid detergent fibre or lignin, and poorly correlated with other chemical and leaf morphological characteristics. High and low DMD genotypes did not differ in the proportion of cell types in leaf or stem, or in other measured anatomical characteristics.

scholarly journals Dental Arch Widths and Mandibular-Maxillary Base Width in Class III Malocclusions with Low, Average and High MP-SN Angles

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengshan Chen ◽  
Kazuto Terada ◽  
Liping Wu ◽  
Isao Saito
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Base Width

Abstract Objective: To analyze the development of the dental arches and skeletal mandibular-maxillary bases in untreated Class III malocclusions with low averages and high mandibular plane angles in subjects aged 10 to 14. Materials and Methods: The records of 50 untreated Japanese girls with Class III malocclusions at age 10 were selected from the files of patients pending orthodontic surgery. The patients included those with low (≤27°), average (27° through 37°) and high (&gt;37°) mandibular plane angles. The maxillary skeletal base width, biantegonial width, and maxillary and mandibular intermolar width were determined on posteroanterior cephalograms obtained at annual intervals when subjects were between 10 and 14 years of age. The difference between the maxillary and mandibular intermolar width was also calculated and reported. Results: All skeletal and dental transverse widths in the high-angle group were significantly smaller than those in the low-angle group (P &lt; .05) from ages 10 to 14. On the other hand, the maxillary to mandibular molar difference was the same for the three groups (P &gt; .05) at each age. The deviations in molar differences did increase from age 10 to age 14 in all three groups. Conclusion: Mandibular plane angles might play a stronger role in the transverse skeletal growth of the maxilla and the mandible than the transverse dental growth of the maxilla and the mandible.

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