scholarly journals Smart Cities’ Applications to Facilitate the Mobility of Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6395
Author(s):  
Nelson Pacheco Rocha ◽  
Rute Bastardo ◽  
João Pavão ◽  
Gonçalo Santinha ◽  
Mário Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Smart Mobility

This study aimed to identify: (i) the relevant applications based on information technologies and requiring smart cities’ infrastructure to facilitate the mobility of older adults in URBAN SPACES; (ii) the type of data being used by the proposed applications; (iii) the maturity level of these applications; and (iv) the barriers TO their dissemination. An electronic search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases, combining relevant keywords. Then, titles and abstracts were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the full texts of the eligible articles were retrieved and screened for inclusion. A total of 28 articles were included. These articles report smart cities’ applications to facilitate the mobility of older adults using different types of sensing devices. The number of included articles is reduced when compared with the total number of articles related to smart cities, which means that the mobility of older adults it is still a not significant topic within the research on smart cities’. Although most of the included studies aimed the implementation of specific applications, these were still in an early stage of development, without the assessment of potential end-users. This is an important research gap since it makes difficult the creation of market-oriented solutions. Another research gap is the integration of knowledge generated by other research topics related to smart cities and smart mobility. Consequently, important issues (e.g., user privacy, data standardization and integration, Internet of Things implementation, and sensors’ characteristics) were poorly addressed by the included studies.

Mobility Assistants to Support Multi-Modal Routes in Smart Cities: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Nelson Pacheco Rocha ◽  
Gonçalo Santinha ◽  
Mário Rodrigues ◽  
Carlos Rodrigues ◽  
Alexandra Queirós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Inclusion Results

Objectives - This study aimed to identify: (i) the current research trends related to mobility assistants to support multi-modal routes in smart cities; (ii) the types of smart cities’ data being used; (iii) the methods applied to assess the proposed solutions; and iv) the major barriers for their dissemination. Methods - An electronic search was conducted in several databases, combining relevant keywords. Then titles and abstracts were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, the full texts of the eligible articles were retrieved and screened for inclusion. Results - A total of 19 articles were included. These articles either propose algorithms to optimize routes planning or presenting specific applications that make use of a broad range of smart cities’ data. Conclusion - The number of included articles is very reduced when compared with the total number of articles related to smart cities, which means that the mobility assistants to support multi-modal routes are still not significant within the smart cities’ research. Moreover, most of the included articles report applications in an early stage of development, which is a major barrier for the respective dissemination.

scholarly journals Street life and pedestrian activities in smart cities: opportunities and challenges for computational urban science

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangyuan Fan ◽  
Becky P.Y. Loo
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Smartphone Applications ◽  
Street Life ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Smart Data ◽  
Urban Science ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Gps Devices

AbstractOngoing efforts among cities to reinvigorate streets have encouraged innovations in using smart data to understand pedestrian activities. Empowered by advanced algorithms and computation power, data from smartphone applications, GPS devices, video cameras, and other forms of sensors can help better understand and promote street life and pedestrian activities. Through adopting a pedestrian-oriented and place-based approach, this paper reviews the major environmental components, pedestrian behavior, and sources of smart data in advancing this field of computational urban science. Responding to the identified research gap, a case study that hybridizes different smart data to understand pedestrian jaywalking as a reflection of urban spaces that need further improvement is presented. Finally, some major research challenges and directions are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Institutional Drivers of Crowdfunding Volumes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Mari-Liis Kukk ◽  
Laivi Laidroo
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Service Culture ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Institutional Drivers

Crowdfunding improves access to financing, yet cases of crowdfunding’s importance, besides traditional financing, are rare and notably localized. In explaining why global crowdfunding volumes are so heterogeneous, previous academic research has focused mainly on the existence of a legal system that is supportive of crowdfunding, but with conflicting results. We argue that a broader range of institutions must be considered to describe the spread of crowdfunding at its current early stage of development, and provide first empirical evidence on the matter. Using a dataset covering crowdfunding volumes of 122 countries over the years 2015–2016, we confirm that the existence of crowdfunding-specific regulations has a positive association with total crowdfunding volumes per capita. We also find that regulation targeted at a specific type of crowdfunding has an economically stronger association with corresponding transaction volumes. In line with our argument, we find that a significantly broader range of less crowdfunding-specific institutions exhibit strong ties to crowdfunding volumes, with strong e-service culture emerging as an especially robust determinant of all types of crowdfunding volumes. Stronger legal rights, greater financial freedom, and higher democracy levels are also associated with greater total crowdfunding volumes, but exhibit varying relevance across different types of crowdfunding.

Nanoscale Rubber Reinforcement: A Route to Enhanced Intercalation in Rubber-Silicate Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Al-Yamani ◽  
Lloyd A. Goettler
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Silicate Nanocomposites ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Dispersion Agent ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rubber Nanocomposites

Abstract Addition of organo-modified layered silicates (e.g., montmorillonite clay) to polymer matrices can produce effective polymer nanocomposites by intercalation of macromolecules into the interlayer galleries. Flexible rubber nanocomposites represent an untapped application of this technology that is still in an early stage of development. This research focuses on the enhancement of rubber matrices through the incorporation of different types of layered silicates along with a dispersion agent, hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM). Styrene-co-butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrile-co-butadiene rubber (NBR) nanocomposites were prepared via a straightforward rubber compounding process and investigated through wide angle x-ray diffraction to determine the resulting clay morphology. The mechanical evaluation of the rubber nanocomposites was by tensile and tear testing. The dispersing agent affected both the morphology, registered as an increase in the gallery height, and mechanical properties, which showed significant additional reinforcement with the optimal combination of organoclay and rubber type. This work thus demonstrates the positive benefit of such a dispersion agent.

scholarly journals Smart Cities and Healthcare: A Systematic Review

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pacheco Rocha ◽  
Dias ◽  
Santinha ◽  
Rodrigues ◽  
Queirós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Population Surveillance ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Conceptual Nature

Objectives: The study reported in this article aimed to identify: (i) the most relevant applications supported by smart city infrastructure with an impact on the provision of healthcare; (ii) the types of technologies being used; (iii) the maturity levels of the applications being reported; and (iv) major barriers for their dissemination. Methods: A systematic review was performed based on a literature search. Results: A total of 44 articles were retrieved. These studies reported on smart city applications to support population surveillance, active ageing, healthy lifestyles, disabled people, response to emergencies, care services organization, and socialization. Conclusions: Most of the included articles were either of a descriptive and conceptual nature or in an early stage of development, which means that a major barrier for their dissemination is their lack of concreteness.

The Application of UX Research in New Energy Vehicle Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghan TAO ◽  
Ning XIAO ◽  
Xingfu ZHAO ◽  
Wenbin LIU
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Energy Vehicle ◽  
The One ◽  
New Energy Vehicles ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

New energy vehicles(NEV) as a new thing for sustainable development, in China, on the one hand has faced the rapid expansion of the market; the other hand, for the new NEV users, the current NEVs cannot keep up with the degree of innovation. This paper demonstrates the reasons for the existence of this systematic challenge, and puts forward the method of UX research which is different from the traditional petrol vehicles research in the early stage of development, which studies from the user's essence level, to form the innovative product programs which meet the needs of users and being real attractive.

Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage Diagnosis and Management

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P34-P35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Morris
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Vascular Trauma ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Operative Field ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Vascular Physiology ◽  
Vascular Spasm

Objective 1) Better recognize pathophysiology of postoperative tonsillectomy hemorrhage. 2) Be able to better differentiate the different types of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage based upon understanding the vascular physiology and adjust management accordingly. Methods Post-tonsillectomy complications in children and adults were reviewed. 7 cases of hemorrhage, including 5 deaths, were carefully reviewed. Patients ranged between 2–40 years of age. This represents the largest series of post-tonsillectomy deaths reported to date. All postoperative deaths were due to bleeding and cardiopulmonary arrest. Post-mortem analysis was undertaken on those patients. CT angiography was reviewed in one surviving patient and the utility of this type of scanning is discussed. Results Post-tonsillectomy bleeding is one of the most worrisome otolaryngology concerns. Patients with bleeding on postoperative days 2–3 reported episodic bleeding stopping spontaneously. In these patients, the episode of unobserved bleeding signaled a vascular spasm with a likehood of recurrence. When the bleeding recurred it was massive and occured in a uncontrolled setting, leading to a poor outcome. Vascular trauma and spasm is likely. Conclusions Postoperative tonsillectomy bleeding is better managed by differentiating those patients with early stage bleeding on postoperative days 2–3. Direct examination of the operative field is imperative. Ancillary testing including CT angiograpy is helpful in the evaluation.

scholarly journals Brain Health: Attitudes towards Technology Adoption in Older Adults

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Nadir G. Abdelrahman ◽  
Raza Haque ◽  
Molly E. Polverento ◽  
Andrea Wendling ◽  
Courtney M. Goetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Health Related

(1) Background: There is increasing scholarly support for the notion that properly implemented and used, technology can be of substantial benefit for older adults. Use of technology has been associated with improved self-rating of health and fewer chronic conditions. Use of technology such as handheld devices by older adults has the potential to improve engagement and promote cognitive and physical health. However, although, literature suggests some willingness by older adults to use technology, simultaneously there are reports of a more cautious attitude to its adoption. Our objective was to determine the opinions towards information technologies, with special reference to brain health, in healthy older adults either fully retired or still working in some capacity including older adult workers and retired adults living in an independent elderly living community. We were especially interested in further our understanding of factors that may play a role in technology adoption and its relevance to addressing health related issues in this population; (2) Methods: Two focus groups were conducted in an inner-city community. Participants were older adults with an interest in their general health and prevention of cognitive decline. They were asked to discuss their perceptions of and preferences for the use of technology. Transcripts were coded for thematic analysis; (3) Results: Seven common themes emerged from the focus group interviews: physical health, cognitive health, social engagement, organizing information, desire to learn new technology, advancing technology, and privacy/security; and (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that in order to promote the use of technology in older adults, one needs to consider wider contextual issues, not only device design per se, but the older adult’s rationale for using technology and their socio-ecological context.

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