scholarly journals Institutional Drivers of Crowdfunding Volumes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Mari-Liis Kukk ◽  
Laivi Laidroo
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Service Culture ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Institutional Drivers

Crowdfunding improves access to financing, yet cases of crowdfunding’s importance, besides traditional financing, are rare and notably localized. In explaining why global crowdfunding volumes are so heterogeneous, previous academic research has focused mainly on the existence of a legal system that is supportive of crowdfunding, but with conflicting results. We argue that a broader range of institutions must be considered to describe the spread of crowdfunding at its current early stage of development, and provide first empirical evidence on the matter. Using a dataset covering crowdfunding volumes of 122 countries over the years 2015–2016, we confirm that the existence of crowdfunding-specific regulations has a positive association with total crowdfunding volumes per capita. We also find that regulation targeted at a specific type of crowdfunding has an economically stronger association with corresponding transaction volumes. In line with our argument, we find that a significantly broader range of less crowdfunding-specific institutions exhibit strong ties to crowdfunding volumes, with strong e-service culture emerging as an especially robust determinant of all types of crowdfunding volumes. Stronger legal rights, greater financial freedom, and higher democracy levels are also associated with greater total crowdfunding volumes, but exhibit varying relevance across different types of crowdfunding.

scholarly journals Barriers to implementing the International Integrated Reporting Framework

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dumay ◽  
Cristiana Bernardi ◽  
James Guthrie ◽  
Matteo La Torre
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Reporting Framework

Purpose This paper is motivated by the call for feedback by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) from all stakeholders with knowledge of the International Integrated Reporting Framework (<IRF>) and specifically of the enablers, incentives and barriers to its implementation. The paper synthesises insights from contemporary accounting research into integrated reporting (IR) as a general concept and <IR> as espoused by the IIRC in the <IRF> (IIRC, 2013). The authors specifically focus on possible barriers and emphasise the specific issues the authors feel could be rectified to advance the <IRF>, along with the areas that may potentially hinder its wider adoption and implementation. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws upon and synthesises academic analysis and insights provided in the IR and <IR> academic literature as well as various directives, policy and framework pronouncements. Findings The flexibility and lack of prescription concerning actual disclosures and metrics in the <IRF> could allow it to be used for compliance, regardless of the other benefits lauded by the IIRC. Thus the authors see forces, both external and internal, driving <IR> adoption, with one prominent example being the European Union Directive on non-financial reporting. Because of the different ways in which IR is understood and enacted, there are numerous theoretical and empirical challenges for academics. The authors paper highlights potential areas for further robust academic research and the need to contribute to <IR> policy and practice. Research limitations/implications The paper provides the IIRC, academics, regulators and reporting organisations with insights into current practice and the <IRF>. The authors highlight the need for further development and evidence to help inform improvements both from a policy and a practice perspective. A key limitation of the authors’ work is that the authors draw upon a synthesis of the existing literature which is still in an early stage of development. Originality/value The paper provides the IIRC with several insights into the current <IRF> and specifically with the enablers, incentives and barriers to its implementation. Also, it provides academic researchers with a number of important observations and an agenda upon which the authors can build their future research.

Development Strategy in an Early-Stage Economy: Uganda

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Similar Stage ◽  
Strategy I

WHAT are the economic conditions for attaining Uganda's ambitious development goal, the doubling of income per capita in 15 years? My purpose here is to discuss the logic of five major structural changes which may be regarded as necessary for a substantial acceleration of Uganda's rate of economic growth. Since each of these changes would require energetic government policies to bring it about within the time- span considered, they can also be thought of as key elements of development strategy. I hope that the logic of these structural changes may be suggestive also for other countries at a somewhat similar stage of development, particularly in Africa.

scholarly journals Strategic Environmental Assessment in Brazilian Academic Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo Gallardo ◽  
Débora Mendonça Monteiro Machado ◽  
Cláudia Terezinha Kniess
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Theses And Dissertations ◽  
Local Research

Abstract The Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an instrument for integrating the environmental issue into strategic planning with increasing the emphasis on impact assessment research in the world. Although it is not mandatory in Brazil, there are applications and initiatives for its formalization. The objective is to explore the Brazilian academic research on SEA through quantitative and qualitative analysis of papers, theses, and dissertations. The results reveal that since 2000 to 2020, local research has been represented by 75 dissertations and theses from 20 universities and, since 2005 to 2020, by 61 articles from 114 authors, published in 30 journals. While the research is in an early stage of development, it covers a broad diagnosis of the application of SEA, contributions to a Brazilian system, has little methodological discussion, and encompasses comprehensive analysis of the quality of the reports. We recommend that future research aims at fostering and building a legal framework for SEA for Brazilian planning.

Nanoscale Rubber Reinforcement: A Route to Enhanced Intercalation in Rubber-Silicate Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Al-Yamani ◽  
Lloyd A. Goettler
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Silicate Nanocomposites ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Dispersion Agent ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rubber Nanocomposites

Abstract Addition of organo-modified layered silicates (e.g., montmorillonite clay) to polymer matrices can produce effective polymer nanocomposites by intercalation of macromolecules into the interlayer galleries. Flexible rubber nanocomposites represent an untapped application of this technology that is still in an early stage of development. This research focuses on the enhancement of rubber matrices through the incorporation of different types of layered silicates along with a dispersion agent, hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM). Styrene-co-butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrile-co-butadiene rubber (NBR) nanocomposites were prepared via a straightforward rubber compounding process and investigated through wide angle x-ray diffraction to determine the resulting clay morphology. The mechanical evaluation of the rubber nanocomposites was by tensile and tear testing. The dispersing agent affected both the morphology, registered as an increase in the gallery height, and mechanical properties, which showed significant additional reinforcement with the optimal combination of organoclay and rubber type. This work thus demonstrates the positive benefit of such a dispersion agent.

scholarly journals Smart Cities’ Applications to Facilitate the Mobility of Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6395
Author(s):  
Nelson Pacheco Rocha ◽  
Rute Bastardo ◽  
João Pavão ◽  
Gonçalo Santinha ◽  
Mário Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Smart Mobility

This study aimed to identify: (i) the relevant applications based on information technologies and requiring smart cities’ infrastructure to facilitate the mobility of older adults in URBAN SPACES; (ii) the type of data being used by the proposed applications; (iii) the maturity level of these applications; and (iv) the barriers TO their dissemination. An electronic search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases, combining relevant keywords. Then, titles and abstracts were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the full texts of the eligible articles were retrieved and screened for inclusion. A total of 28 articles were included. These articles report smart cities’ applications to facilitate the mobility of older adults using different types of sensing devices. The number of included articles is reduced when compared with the total number of articles related to smart cities, which means that the mobility of older adults it is still a not significant topic within the research on smart cities’. Although most of the included studies aimed the implementation of specific applications, these were still in an early stage of development, without the assessment of potential end-users. This is an important research gap since it makes difficult the creation of market-oriented solutions. Another research gap is the integration of knowledge generated by other research topics related to smart cities and smart mobility. Consequently, important issues (e.g., user privacy, data standardization and integration, Internet of Things implementation, and sensors’ characteristics) were poorly addressed by the included studies.

Overview of brand personality research with bibliometric indicators

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo R. Llanos-Herrera ◽  
Jose M. Merigo
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Brand Personality ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Bibliometric Indicators ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Number Of Citations

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a global view of the research that has been conducted regarding brand personality by using the Core Collection of the Web of Science (WoS) as a reference. The main bibliometric indicators considered are number of articles, number of citations, main authors, principal journals, institutions, countries and keywords. Design/methodology/approachThrough a bibliometric investigation, this paper performs an analysis of investigations of brand personality that have been conducted to date. In particular, the analysis focuses on the papers that have generated the greatest impact in the scientific community, the journals that have given the most attention to this concept and the authors who have most strongly influenced the academic world in this field. The analysis reveals a series of relationships between the bases of knowledge considered for different authors and journals and the structure of those relationships based on the keywords considered in each contribution. FindingsThis analysis allows to obtain a general and impartial view of brand personality research, and it reveals the most relevant contributions to the academic world in terms of authors, journals, institutions, countries and keywords. The analysis shows that the concept under study seems to still be in an early stage of development and there may well be an important amount of development ahead. Although there have been important contributions to this field, work is still required to consolidate this knowledge. Research limitations/implicationsThe information provided pertains to a relatively specific subject but is still general when considered within the context of this topic and thus leaves aside elements that could greatly enrich the analysis. However, this work presents some important guidelines for conducting in-depth academic research and publication. Practical implicationsThis work identifies the most productive and influential authors, journals, institutions and countries regarding this important topic, as well as the leading trends in this field. Applying those concepts would be helpful to improve the effectiveness of the promotion of brands and products. Originality/valueThe work developed in this article provides an overview of the academic research on brand personality that has been conducted as of April 2018. Another differential characteristic is that this research deeply investigates this concept, considering all the articles published in WoS worldwide.

The Application of UX Research in New Energy Vehicle Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menghan TAO ◽  
Ning XIAO ◽  
Xingfu ZHAO ◽  
Wenbin LIU
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Energy Vehicle ◽  
The One ◽  
New Energy Vehicles ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

New energy vehicles(NEV) as a new thing for sustainable development, in China, on the one hand has faced the rapid expansion of the market; the other hand, for the new NEV users, the current NEVs cannot keep up with the degree of innovation. This paper demonstrates the reasons for the existence of this systematic challenge, and puts forward the method of UX research which is different from the traditional petrol vehicles research in the early stage of development, which studies from the user's essence level, to form the innovative product programs which meet the needs of users and being real attractive.

Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage Diagnosis and Management

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P34-P35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Morris
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Vascular Trauma ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Operative Field ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Vascular Physiology ◽  
Vascular Spasm

Objective 1) Better recognize pathophysiology of postoperative tonsillectomy hemorrhage. 2) Be able to better differentiate the different types of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage based upon understanding the vascular physiology and adjust management accordingly. Methods Post-tonsillectomy complications in children and adults were reviewed. 7 cases of hemorrhage, including 5 deaths, were carefully reviewed. Patients ranged between 2–40 years of age. This represents the largest series of post-tonsillectomy deaths reported to date. All postoperative deaths were due to bleeding and cardiopulmonary arrest. Post-mortem analysis was undertaken on those patients. CT angiography was reviewed in one surviving patient and the utility of this type of scanning is discussed. Results Post-tonsillectomy bleeding is one of the most worrisome otolaryngology concerns. Patients with bleeding on postoperative days 2–3 reported episodic bleeding stopping spontaneously. In these patients, the episode of unobserved bleeding signaled a vascular spasm with a likehood of recurrence. When the bleeding recurred it was massive and occured in a uncontrolled setting, leading to a poor outcome. Vascular trauma and spasm is likely. Conclusions Postoperative tonsillectomy bleeding is better managed by differentiating those patients with early stage bleeding on postoperative days 2–3. Direct examination of the operative field is imperative. Ancillary testing including CT angiograpy is helpful in the evaluation.

scholarly journals Learning health systems in primary care: a systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Nash ◽  
Zohra Bhimani ◽  
Jennifer Rayner ◽  
Merrick Zwarenstein
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Integrated Health ◽  
Google Search

Abstract Background Learning health systems have been gaining traction over the past decade. The purpose of this study was to understand the spread of learning health systems in primary care, including where they have been implemented, how they are operating, and potential challenges and solutions. Methods We completed a scoping review by systematically searching OVID Medline®, Embase®, IEEE Xplore®, and reviewing specific journals from 2007 to 2020. We also completed a Google search to identify gray literature. Results We reviewed 1924 articles through our database search and 51 articles from other sources, from which we identified 21 unique learning health systems based on 62 data sources. Only one of these learning health systems was implemented exclusively in a primary care setting, where all others were integrated health systems or networks that also included other care settings. Eighteen of the 21 were in the United States. Examples of how these learning health systems were being used included real-time clinical surveillance, quality improvement initiatives, pragmatic trials at the point of care, and decision support. Many challenges and potential solutions were identified regarding data, sustainability, promoting a learning culture, prioritization processes, involvement of community, and balancing quality improvement versus research. Conclusions We identified 21 learning health systems, which all appear at an early stage of development, and only one was primary care only. We summarized and provided examples of integrated health systems and data networks that can be considered early models in the growing global movement to advance learning health systems in primary care.

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