scholarly journals Apatite-Forming Ability of Flowable vs. Putty Formulations of Newly Developed Bioactive Glass-Containing Endodontic Cement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8969
Author(s):  
Naoki Edanami ◽  
Razi Saifullah Ibn Belal ◽  
Shoji Takenaka ◽  
Kunihiko Yoshiba ◽  
Nagako Yoshiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Phosphate Ion ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Ability Levels ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Media

This study compared the apatite-forming ability (AFA) levels of flowable and putty formulations of Nishika Canal Sealer BG Multi (F-NBG and P-NBG, respectively) and attempted to clarify the cause of differences in the AFA levels of F-NBG and P-NBG. NBG samples were aged in simulated body fluid (SBF) or 1-, 5-, or 10-g/L bovine serum albumin-containing SBF (BSA-SBF) and analyzed in terms of their ultrastructures, elemental compositions, and Raman spectra to identify apatite formation. The phosphate ion consumption rates of NBG samples in the media were evaluated as an indicator of apatite growth. The original elemental composition, calcium ion release, and alkalizing ability levels of F-NBG and P-NBG were also evaluated. Apparent apatite formation was detected on all NBG samples except F-NBG aged in 10-g/L BSA-SBF. P-NBG consumed phosphate ions faster than F-NBG. As-prepared P-NBG showed more silicon elements on its surface than as-prepared F-NBG. P-NBG released more calcium ions than F-NBG, although their alkalizing ability levels did not differ statistically. In conclusion, the AFA of P-NBG was greater than that of F-NBG, probably because of the greater ability of P-NBG to expose silanol groups on the surface and release calcium ions.

scholarly journals Influence of Silicate and Calcium Ions to Transport of Phosphate Ion through Polymeric Inclusion Membrane (PIM)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Barlah Rumhayati ◽  
Qonitah Fardiyah ◽  
Himayatul Musyarofi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Molybdenum Blue ◽  
Visible Spectrophotometry ◽  
Phosphate Ion ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Feed Phase

<p>Measurement of phosphate ions by molybdenum blue method is influenced by the presence of interfering ions, such as silicate and calcium ions. To obtain an accurate measurement, interference ions should be separated from the phosphate ion. Separation could be carried out with extractions using PIM method. The effectiveness of separation based on PIM method depends to the transport efficiency of targeted ion from feed phase to stripping phase. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of silicate and calcium ions to phosphate ion transport through PIM. PIM was prepared by mixing PVC as polymer, 1,10-dekanadiol as a plasticizer, and Aliquat 336-Cl as extractant in the solvent THF. Extraction was performed by using a diffusion cell, The cell was consisted by two containers, <em>i.e </em> feed phase container and stripping phase container which was separated by PIM. Feed phase was a mixture of phosphate 100 mg / L and SiO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> at 5; 10; 15; 20 and 25 mg/L for studying the effect of silicate ion. Investigation of calcium ion effect was conducted by using a mixture of phosphate solution of 100 mg / L and Ca<sup>2+</sup> of 1.13x10<sup>-4</sup>; 2.26x10<sup>-4</sup> and 4.52x10<sup>-4</sup> mg/L in the feed phase. The stripping phase was the solution of NaCl 0.1 M. Both containers were stirred for 3 hours at 180 rpm. The solution in the both containers  was taken for 1 mL every 30 minutes. Phosphate ion was measured by visible spectrophotometry at 690 nm with molybdenum blue method. Silicate ion was determined by visible spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 410 nm with molybdenum blue method. Calcium ion was determined by AAS. The results showed that the higher concentration of calcium ions, the lower the phosphate ion transport efficiency. Only 34.46% of phosphate ions transported in the presence of calcium ions up to 4,52x10<sup>-4</sup> mg/L. Meanwhile, PIM was more selective to silicate ion than ion phosphate at the silicate ion concentration up to 15 mg/L. At higher concentration of silicate ions, PIM was more selective to phosphate ion.</p>

scholarly journals Ion release and recharge from a fissure sealant containing amorphous calcium phosphate

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241272
Author(s):  
Mahtab Memarpour ◽  
Neda Afzali Baghdadabadi ◽  
Azade Rafiee ◽  
Mehrdad Vossoughi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Phosphate Ion ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Release Capacity ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

To assess- the release of calcium and phosphate ions from a fissure sealant containing amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), and to determine the re-release capacity of these ions when charged with a solution containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). Nine blocks of ACP resin-based sealant were prepared and immersed in three solutions at different pH (4.0, 5.5, 7.0), and calcium and phosphate ion release was measured with ion chromatography at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after immersion. Sixty days after immersion, each block was charged with CPP-ACP solution in three 7-day cycles to investigate the re-release of these ions, which was measured on days 1, 3, and 7. No difference was observed in initial calcium ion release at pH 4.0 and pH 5.5. At both values, ion release was significantly higher than at pH 7.0 (p<0.001). Initial phosphate release was significantly different among the three pH values (p<0.001). After re-charging the specimens, calcium ion re-release was greater than phosphate ion release. Initial ion release from ACP resin-based sealant was greatest at the lowest pH. Ion release decreased with time. As the number of recharge cycles increased, ion re-release also improved. Phosphate ion re-release required more recharge cycles than calcium ion re-release.

Study of Bio-Mineralization of BCP with Compensation of Calcium and Phosphate Ions

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1391-1394
Author(s):  
Hua De Zheng ◽  
Ying Jun Wang ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Cheng Yun Ning ◽  
Xiao Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Apatite Layer ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Phosphate Ions

In the present study, an Intelligent Multi-parameter Simulated Evaluation in vitro （IMSE system） was used to study the deposition properties of apatite formation on the surface of biphasic calcium phosphate porous ceramic (BCP) from static and dynamic r-SBF. Results showed that apatite formed on the surface of BCP from static and dynamic r-SBF differed between each other. In static r-SBF, ions were transferred by diffusion, which could not compensate the consuming of calcium ions, and mist apatite layer was formed on the surface of samples. But in the dynamic r-SBF, simulated fluid was adjusted precisely and flowed forcedly, the concentrations of ions were homogeneous; with the compensation of ions, calcium and phosphate were supersaturated, and the free energy of apatite formation was negative, bone-like apatite sheets were formed on the surface of samples.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LACTIC ACID AND ARTIFICIAL SALIVA SOLUTION IMMERSION TO THE RELEASE OF CALCIUM IONS ON BIOACTIVE RESIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Dewi Puspitasari ◽  
Nurah Tajjalia ◽  
Diana Wibowo ◽  
Agung Satria Wardhana
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Lactic Acid Solution ◽  
Solution Increase

Background: Bioactive resin can release calcium ions when contact with solution media, even in acid condition. In the oral cavity, pH may change into acid condition due to the metabolic results of Streptococcus mutans. The bacteria metabolize carbohydrates into organic acids, one of which is lactic acid. Purpose: Analyze the effect of lactic acid solution and artificial saliva on the number of the release of calcium ions of bioactive resin. Methods: Forty-two specimens (diameter 15 mm x thickness 1 mm; n= 7/group fabricated with Activa™ Bioactive Restorative (Pulpdent). The specimens that meet the criteria were divided into 6 groups. The specimen was immersed for 1 and 7 days in the incubator at 37oC. The number of calcium ion release is measured using titration method. Results: Two Way Anova test and Post Hoc Bonferonni test showed there were significant differences among all group for lactic acid 1 day (4.040 ± 0.360) µg, artificial saliva 1 day (0.640 ± 0.338) µg, distilled water 1 day (1.040 ± 0.504) µg, lactic acid 7 days (5.400 ± 0.312), artificial saliva 7 days (1.640 ± 0.215) µg, distilled water 7 days (3.520± 0.356 µg). Conclusion: There was an influence of lactic acid and artificial saliva on the number of calcium ion releases of bioactive resin. Immersion of bioactive resin in the lactic acid solution increase the calcium ion releases and artificial saliva decrease the calcium ion release compared to distilled water. Keywords: artificial saliva, bioactive resin, calcium ion release, lactic acid

scholarly journals Tri-Functional Calcium-Deficient Calcium Titanate Coating on Titanium Metal by Chemical and Heat Treatment

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Yamaguchi ◽  
Phuc Thi Minh Le ◽  
Morihiro Ito ◽  
Seine A. Shintani ◽  
Hiroaki Takadama
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Calcium Titanate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
High Bone

The main problem of orthopedic and dental titanium (Ti) implants has been poor bone-bonding to the metal. Various coatings to improve the bone-bonding, including the hydroxyapatite and titania, have been developed, and some of them have been to successfully applied clinical use. On the other hand, there are still challenges to provide antibacterial activity and promotion of bone growth on Ti. It was shown that a calcium-deficient calcium titanate coating on Ti and its alloys exhibits high bone-bonding owing to its apatite formation. In this study, Sr and Ag ions, known for their promotion of bone growth and antibacterial activity, were introduced into the calcium-deficient calcium titanate by a three-step aqueous solution treatment combined with heat. The treated metal formed apatite within 3 days in a simulated body fluid and exhibited antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli without showing any cytotoxicity in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. Furthermore, the metal slowly released 1.29 ppm of Sr ions. The Ti with calcium-deficient calcium titanate doped with Sr and Ag will be useful for orthopedic and dental implants, since it should bond to bone because of its apatite formation, promote bone growth due to Sr ion release, and prevent infection owing to its antibacterial activity.

Comparison of Apatite Formation on Polyamide Films Containing Carboxyl and Sulfonic Groups in a Solution Mimicking Body Fluid

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 477-480
Author(s):  
Chikara Ohtsuki ◽  
Takahiro Kawai ◽  
Masanobu Kamitakahara ◽  
Masao Tanihara ◽  
Toshiki Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Polyamide Film

Apatite formation on polyamide films containing either carboxyl or sulfonic groups was compared in 1.5SBF, whose ion concentrations are 1.5 times those of a simulated body fluid (SBF). The sulfonic groups induced the apatite nucleation earlier than the carboxyl groups. In contrast, the rate of crystal growth depended not on the kind of functional group, but on the degree of supersaturation of the surrounding solution. The more ready association of sulfonic groups with calcium ions may lead to earlier apatite nucleation than that of carboxyl groups. Adhesive strength of the apatite layer to polyamide film containing sulfonic groups was significantly lower than that with carboxyl groups depending on the chemical interactions as well as on the mechanical properties of the polyamide film.

scholarly journals Apatite Formation on Various Silica Gels in a Simulated Body Fluid Containing Excessive Calcium Ion

1996 ◽  
Vol 104 (1209) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Baek CHO ◽  
Fumiaki MIYAJI ◽  
Tadashi KOKUBO ◽  
Kazuki NAKANISHI ◽  
Naohiro SOGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Silica Gels ◽  
Apatite Formation

scholarly journals Smear layer removal and chelated calcium ion quantification of three irrigating solutions

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Augusto Franco Marques ◽  
Melissa Andréia Marchesan ◽  
Celso Bernardo de Sousa-Filho ◽  
Yara Teresinha Correa Silva-Sousa ◽  
Manoel D. Sousa-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), smear layer removal and quantify, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the amount of calcium ion present in the chelating solutions after their use. Sixteen extracted canines were instrumented using the step-back technique and were assigned to 3 groups according to the irrigating solution used: G1: 1 mL 17% EDTAC between each file; G2: 1 mL 17% CDTA; G3: 1 mL 17% EGTA. The solutions were collected after use. The teeth were cleaved longitudinally, evaluated under SEM and assessed for smear layer by blinded examiners and scored from 1 to 4. In order to quantify calcium ion release, the collected solutions were examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Freidman's test was used for statistical analysis of SEM values and showed that canals irrigated with 17% EDTAC and 17% CDTA had significantly less smear layer throughout the canals than 17% EGTA (p<0.01). For analysis of the collected solutions, Tukey's test was used and showed that EDTAC and CDTA had a greater amount of calcium ions (22.8±7.54 and 60.6±20.67 µg/mL, respectively) compared to EGTA (70.5±14.2 µg/mL) (p<0.01). The association both methodologies may contribute to the understanding of how these solutions act in the root canal.

scholarly journals Apatite Formation on Electrochemically Treated Titanium

1999 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tsuru ◽  
S. Takemoto ◽  
S. Hayakawa ◽  
A. Osaka
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Cathodic Polarization ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Hydrated Silica ◽  
Spontaneous Deposition ◽  
Artificial Materials ◽  
Titania Gel ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractApatite formation on artificial materials in a body environment is the prerequisite condition for showing bioactivity i.e. bone-bonding ability. A specific hydrated silica or titania gel has the ability of apatite deposition in body environment. We electrochemically prepared such a bioactive titanium oxide layer on titanium(Ti) with a cell consisting of Ti as the working electrode, Pt as the counter one, Ag/AgCl as the reference one, and an aqueous solution of 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO3)2 as the electrolyte solution. Ti was kept at 9.5V for 1 hour for oxidation(denoted as Ca9.5). Ti was subject to cathodic polarization at −3.0V for 10 min(Ca-3.0).: calcium ions were expected to be adsorbed on its surface. On treatment Ca9.5–3.0 Ti was first oxidated at 9.5V for 1 hour and subsequently kept at −3.0V for 10 min. The specimens of Ca9.5–3.0 and Ca-3.0 were found so bioactive as to deposit apatite within 12 hours and 1 day, respectively, in a simulated body fluid(Kokubo solution) whereas those due to Ca9.5 could not deposit apatite within 7 days. Calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate detected on the bioactive surface caused no harmful effects on spontaneous deposition of apatite in the fluid.

The High Affinity Calcium Ion Bending Sites of Fibrinogen

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Ross ◽  
Graham D Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Specific Binding Sites ◽  
Scatchard Plots ◽  
Systems Studies ◽  
Flow Dialysis

There is considerable evidence that fibrinogen contains a number of strongly bound calcium ions and these appear to have a significant role in the structure and properties of the molecule. Most of the evidence suggests that there are three such strongly bound calcium ions in fibrinogen and each of the two fragments D contains one of these. It has been suggested that the section of the (A) α chain which is the region of the molecule first attacked by plasnin is involved in binding calcium ions. Should this constitute the third site it follows that this calcium ion must link the two (A) α chains and the site may well be destroyed by minimal plasnin attack. The figure of three calcium ions bound, however, must be open to sane doubt due to the difficulty in evaluating data from Scatchard plots prepared from. a system, such as fibrinogen, which contains a number of identical ligands with more than one binding affinity. Accordingly we have developed methods to prepare fibrinogen in as intact a form as possible, and used such fibrinogen in flow dialysis systems. Studies of calcium ion release during proteolytic degradation of fibrinogen lead us to conclude that there are probably only two high affinity, calcium ion specific binding sites in fibrinogen.

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