scholarly journals The Effect of Antagonist Abiotic Stress on Bioactive Compounds from Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9282
Author(s):  
Lucian Copolovici ◽  
Andreea Lupitu ◽  
Cristian Moisa ◽  
Monica Taschina ◽  
Dana M. Copolovici
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Volatiles Compounds

Drought and flooding are some of the most common stressful conditions for plants. Due to the recent climate changes, they can occur one after another. This study is focused on the effect of antagonistic abiotic stress such as drought and flooding on the different metabolites from Ocimum basilicum leaves. Six-week-old plants of Ocimum basilicum were exposed to drought or flooding stress for 15 days, followed by antagonist stress for 14 days. The assimilation rates decrease drastically for plants under consecutive stresses from 18.9 to 0.25 µmol m−2 s−1 starting at day 3 of treatment. The stomatal conductance to water vapor gs was also reduced from 86 to 29 mmol m−2 s−1. The emission of green leaf volatiles compounds increases from 0.14 to 2.48 nmol m−2 s−1, and the emission of monoterpenes increased from 2.00 to 7.37 nmol m−2 s−1. The photosynthetic pigment concentration (chlorophyll a and b, and β-carotene), the flavonoid content, and total phenolic content decrease for all stressed plants. The results obtained in this study could indicate that the water status (drought and/or flooding) directly impacts basil plants’ physiological parameters and secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nasturtium officinale R.Br. and Mentha aquatica L. taxa reaction in different lead element concentrations

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Gizem İlgün Boyalan ◽  
Hüseyin Erduğan
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Mentha Aquatica ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
As Stress

In this study, it was aimed to determine the morphological and physiological effects of agricultural activities and lead pollution on Nasturtium officinale and Mentha aquatica macrophytes living in Umurbey Stream (Çanakkale), and also the competition between plants in this region was investigated. Macrophytes were collected between May-June 2016 from the lower part of Gökköy Passage, which is covered with orchards on both sides of Çanakkale province, Umurbey district, Umurbey Stream. The macrophytes were left in the nutrient solution for 3 days for the adaptation process. In the first stage, the effect of lead contamination on the morphology and physiology of macrophyte species was investigated in a single culture at 1, 5 and 10 ppm Pb concentrations. Then, the competitiveness of two macrophyte species at an intermediate dose of 5 ppm Pb in a mixed culture was examined. In addition to the amount of, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid, free proline, protein, total phenolic compound amount, adsorbed lead amount and total potassium, phosphorus, iron and magnesium amounts were examined. P, Fe, Mg, K, Pb and protein content reached the highest level at the dose of 5 ppm Pb where N. officinale was affected the most morphologically. At the same time, N officinale minimized the photosynthetic pigment and free proline levels at this dose. The dose at which M. aquatica was most affected morphologically was 10 ppm Pb dose. P, Fe, Mg and K contents of M. aquatica at that dose reached the highest value. This study proved that M. aquatica was morphologically and physiologically more resistant in two control groups where there was no lead stress and aquatic plants were grown together. Morphologically and physiologically, it has been shown that N. officinale was more combative when lead was applied as stress. With this study, it was determined that watercress is a good lead accumulator by adsorbing more than twice the lead amount absorbed by water mint.

Review of recent advances on the production and eco-physiological roles of green leaf volatiles

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-275
Author(s):  
Hai-Feng SUN ◽  
Zhen-Yu LI ◽  
Bin WU ◽  
Xue-Mei QIN
Keyword(s):  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals Optimizing the Production of Recombinant Hydroperoxide Lyase in Escherichia coli Using Statistical Design

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Sophie Vincenti ◽  
Magali Mariani ◽  
Jessica Croce ◽  
Eva Faillace ◽  
Virginie Brunini-Bronzini de Caraffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Hydroperoxide Lyase ◽  
Soluble Enzyme ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Conversion Rates

Hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) catalyzes the synthesis of volatiles C6 or C9 aldehydes from fatty acid hydroperoxides. These short carbon chain aldehydes, known as green leaf volatiles (GLV), are widely used in cosmetic industries and as food additives because of their “fresh green” aroma. To meet the growing demand for natural GLVs, the use of recombinant HPL as a biocatalyst in enzyme-catalyzed processes appears to be an interesting application. Previously, we cloned and expressed a 13-HPL from olive fruit in Escherichia coli and showed high conversion rates (up to 94%) during the synthesis of C6 aldehydes. To consider a scale-up of this process, optimization of the recombinant enzyme production is necessary. In this study, four host-vector combinations were tested. Experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the expression conditions. Three factors were considered, i.e., temperature, inducer concentration and induction duration. The Box–Behnken design consisted of 45 assays for each expression system performed in deep-well microplates. The regression models were built and fitted well to the experimental data (R2 coefficient > 97%). The best response (production level of the soluble enzyme) was obtained with E. coli BL21 DE3 cells. Using the optimal conditions, 2277 U L−1of culture of the soluble enzyme was produced in microliter plates and 21,920 U L−1of culture in an Erlenmeyer flask, which represents a 79-fold increase compared to the production levels previously reported.

scholarly journals Effects of Abiotic Factors on HIPV-Mediated Interactions between Plants and Parasitoids

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Becker ◽  
Nicolas Desneux ◽  
Lucie Monticelli ◽  
Xavier Fernandez ◽  
Thomas Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Growing Conditions

In contrast to constitutively emitted plant volatiles (PV), herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPV) are specifically emitted by plants when afflicted with herbivores. HIPV can be perceived by parasitoids and predators which parasitize or prey on the respective herbivores, including parasitic hymenoptera. HIPV act as signals and facilitate host/prey detection. They comprise a blend of compounds: main constituents are terpenoids and “green leaf volatiles.” Constitutive emission of PV is well known to be influenced by abiotic factors like temperature, light intensity, water, and nutrient availability. HIPV share biosynthetic pathways with constitutively emitted PV and might therefore likewise be affected by abiotic conditions. However, the effects of abiotic factors on HIPV-mediated biotic interactions have received only limited attention to date. HIPV being influenced by the plant’s growing conditions could have major implications for pest management. Quantitative and qualitative changes in HIPV blends may improve or impair biocontrol. Enhanced emission of HIPV may attract a larger number of natural enemies. Reduced emission rates or altered compositions, however, may render blends imperceptible to parasitoides and predators. Predicting the outcome of these changes is highly important for food production and for ecosystems affected by global climate change.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Fraksi Aktif Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Etanol Biji Kemangi (Ocimum Basilicum L.)

2015 ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Dede Sukandar ◽  
Sandra Hermanto ◽  
Eka Rizki Amelia ◽  
Chitta Putri Novianti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Fractionation ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values

Characterization of antioxidant compounds from the seeds of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) has been done. Extraction is done by maceration method using ethanol solvent, fractionation by TLC and column chromatography, antioxidants test using DPPH method, and characterization of antioxidant compound using GCMS. Ethanol extract and results of fractionation ethanol extract of basil seeds using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and methanol-water extracts show that n-butanol extract has the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values ​​of 41.90 ppm. Results of column chromatography n-butanol extract using n-hexane : ethyl acetate (1:9) as mobile phase yielded 5 fractions with fraction 4 (F4 isolate) has dominant stain of active antioxidants after being sprayed DPPH reagent, it had IC50 values ​​of 39,70 ppm and total phenolic content of 0,003 mg/g. Isolate F4 suspected contains two active compounds as antioxidant which is terpenoid and phenolic compound group, namely squalene and 1,4-di-tert-buthyl-phenol identified by GCMS.DOI :http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.3598

scholarly journals Verbenone and Green-Leaf Volatiles Reduce Whitebark Pine Mortality in a Northern Range-Expanding Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Cardinal ◽  
Brenda Shepherd ◽  
Jodie Krakowski ◽  
Carl James Schwarz ◽  
John Stirrett-Wood
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Whitebark Pine ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Pine Trees

This is the first study testing effectiveness of semiochemical treatments to protect individual trees from a range-expanding mountain pine beetle (MPB, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) attack into newly exposed host populations of endangered whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelmann). We investigated the effectiveness of a combination of verbenone and Green-Leaf Volatiles (GLV) to protect rare and valuable disease-resistant trees during a MPB epidemic from 2015 to 2018 in Jasper National Park, Canada. Treatments reduced the proportion of trees attacked by MPB for all diameter classes, across all stands, from 46 to 60%. We also evaluated the effect of the exotic disease white pine blister rust (caused by the fungus Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch), the species’ other main regional threat. MPB were less likely to attack large, rust infected trees than healthy trees, emphasizing the value of the semiochemical treatment. Protecting large, cone-bearing disease-resistant whitebark pine trees is fundamental to whitebark pine recovery. Maintaining reproductive trees on the landscape increases the frequency and diversity of rust-resistant genotypes more effectively than just planting seedlings to replace MPB-killed trees, because this slow-growing species takes over 80 years to reproduce. Our study confirmed protecting large rust-resistant trees with verbenone and GLV is a proactive and effective treatment against MPB for whitebark pine in naïve populations.

scholarly journals Biochemical Properties and Urease, α-amylase Inhibitory Effects of Ocimum basilicum L. (Reyhan)

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsen Kaya ◽  
Merve Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
One Year

With the understanding of the role of antioxidants in preventing degenerative and age-related diseases caused by oxidative stress, and taking into account the multitude of pharmacological applications such as antidiabetic, antifungal, cardioprotection, immunostimulant, interest in plants rich in this respect has increased. Ocimum basilicum L. (purple) is a one-year, fragrant spice herb with its own aroma. In this study, chemical characterization of Ocimum basilicum L. plant was performed and inhibition effects on urease and a-amylase were investigated. Total phenolic content of Ocimum basilicum L. leafs ethanolic and water extracts were 320.08±2.03, 388.15±1.05 mg GAE/100g; total flavonoids were 282.57±1.12, 307.75±0.89 mg QE/100g; antioxidant capacity of samples were 0.46±0.01 and 0.52±0.02  mM Fe+2/mg extract, 0.46±0.01; IC50 values of urease were 18.77±0.22, 20.19±0.15  % and IC50 values of α-amylase were 0.47±0.01, 0.42±0.01 µg/mL, respectively. It is determined that ethanolic extract of leaves is rich in linalool, linolenin, phytol and α-humulene. The datas show that the leaves of the plant may be effective on two important diseases such as Diabetus mellitus and H. pylori.

scholarly journals Response of female Cydia molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to plant derived volatiles

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Natale ◽  
L. Mattiacci ◽  
A. Hern ◽  
E. Pasqualini ◽  
S. Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Oriental Fruit Moth ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Headspace Volatiles ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Cydia Molesta ◽  
Bioactive Fraction ◽  
A Chain

AbstractPeach shoot volatiles were attractive to mated female oriental fruit moth, Cydia molesta (Busck), in a dual choice arena. No preference was observed between leaf odours from the principle host plant, peach, and the secondary host plant, apple. Twenty-two compounds were identified in headspace volatiles of peach shoots using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Green leaf volatiles accounted for more than 50% of the total emitted volatiles. A bioassay-assisted fractionation using different sorbent polymers indicated an attractant effect of compounds with a chain length of 6–8 carbon atoms. The major compounds of this fraction were tested either singly or in combinations for behavioural response of females. Significant bioactivity was found for a three-component mixture of (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and benzaldehyde in a 4:1:1 ratio. This synthetic mixture elicited a similar attractant effect as the full natural blend from peach shoots as well as the bioactive fraction.

Electroanalytical studies on green leaf volatiles for potential sensor development

The Analyst ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 137 (13) ◽  
pp. 3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogeswaran Umasankar ◽  
Glen C. Rains ◽  
Ramaraja P. Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Sensor Development
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