scholarly journals Energetic Valorization of Solid Wastes from the Alcoholic Beverage Production Industry: Distilled Gin Spent Botanicals and Brewers’ Spent Grains

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10158
Author(s):  
Jesús A. Montes ◽  
Carlos Rico
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
High Heating ◽  
Production Industry

In this paper, the authors assess the possibilities of energetic valorization for two solid wastes from alcoholic beverage production. Distilled gin spent botanicals (DGSB) and brewers’ spent grains (BSG) are tested, both by themselves and as co-substrates, for their possibilities as substrates for anaerobic digestion in a system of box-type digesters, suited for the process. While BSGs show a good performance for anaerobic digestion, DGSBs, despite showing an acceptable biomethanogenic potential result as not suitable for the process. Experiments using DGSBs as substrate in the reactors result in failure. And, as a co-substrate, the biomethanogenic digestion process appears to be hampered and lagged. Possible explanations for this behavior are explored, as well as other possibilities for the use of the material as a power source given its high heating value.

scholarly journals Biochar and Energy Production: Valorizing Swine Manure through Coupling Co-Digestion and Pyrolysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén González ◽  
Judith González ◽  
José G. Rosas ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Xiomar Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil

Anaerobic digestion is an established technological option for the treatment of agricultural residues and livestock wastes beneficially producing renewable energy and digestate as biofertilizer. This technology also has significant potential for becoming an essential component of biorefineries for valorizing lignocellulosic biomass due to its great versatility in assimilating a wide spectrum of carbonaceous materials. The integration of anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis of its digestates for enhanced waste treatment was studied. A theoretical analysis was performed for three scenarios based on the thermal needs of the process: The treatment of swine manure (scenario 1), co-digestion with crop wastes (scenario 2), and addition of residual glycerine (scenario 3). The selected plant design basis was to produce biochar and electricity via combined heat and power units. For electricity production, the best performing scenario was scenario 3 (producing three times more electricity than scenario 1), with scenario 2 resulting in the highest production of biochar (double the biochar production and 1.7 times more electricity than scenario 1), but being highly penalized by the great thermal demand associated with digestate dewatering. Sensitivity analysis was performed using a central composite design, predominantly to evaluate the bio-oil yield and its high heating value, as well as digestate dewatering. Results demonstrated the effect of these parameters on electricity production and on the global thermal demand of the plant. The main significant factor was the solid content attained in the dewatering process, which excessively penalized the global process for values lower than 25% TS.

scholarly journals Assessment of Renewable Alternatives to Coal, Based on Their High Heating Value and Global Warming Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
V. Dhivakhar ◽  
Maju Varghese ◽  
Keerthi M. S. ◽  
S. Kaviya
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Green House Gas ◽  
High Heating

About 40% of the Global Electricity produced is fuelled by coal. Although Coal has various advantages like good High Heating Value, easy availability etc., it also has various disadvantages. Green House Gas Released from Coal Thermal Power Plants is the single major contributor to Global warming. Coal is also nonrenewable. Hence it is important to analyze the viability of potential alternatives and reduce the usage of coal. In this assessment, various potential replacements of coal have been analyzed based on their High heating value (HHV) and their Global Warming Potential. The Global warming Potential (GWP) of the assessed fuels have been calculated by the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) Factor method. Hence a direct comparison between Coal and other replacements based on their HHV and GWP has been performed.

scholarly journals Potensi Penerapan Energi Terbarukan Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Kemandirian Desa: Studi Kasus Desa Lendang Nangka Lombok Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shafwan Amrullah
Keyword(s):  
Air Flow ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
High Heating

Desa saat ini didorong menjadi desa mandiri, baik dalam bidang energi maupun ekonomi dengan mengimplementasikan energi terbarukan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian energi sebagai salah satu langkah meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi penggunaan energi terbarukan seperti Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu (PLTB), Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS), Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA), dan Konversi Energi Gasifikasi di desa Lendang Nangka, Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data baik dari BMKG dan pengujian secara langsung menggunakan alat Air Flow Anemometer GM8902 untuk mengetahui kecepatan angin dan DIGITAL TECHNOMETER LX-1010B untuk mengetahui intensitas cahaya matahari. Selain itu dilakukan wawancara kepada pengusaha kecil dan menengah untuk mengetahui penggunaan energi dalam menyokong proses produksinya. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi PLTB yang dapat diemplementasikan adalah PLTB sekala kecil dengan daya sekitar 23,4-632,88 kWh/turbin. Untuk potensi PLTS menghasilkan daya sebesar 410-566 kWh per meter persegi panel surya. Untuk potensi PLTA, turbin yang cocok adalah turbin ukuran kecil dengan potensi daya sekitar 0,3024-2,2194 kWh. Sedangkan untuk potensi penggunaan converter energi jenis gasifikasi dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi penggunaan bahan bakar tidak terbarukan sekaligus menghemat biaya porduksi. Sebab, nilai High Heating Value gas sintetik yang dihasilkan 1,7 kali lebih besar daripada pembakaran langsung dengan kayu.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Carbonization Brewer’s Spent Grains with the Focus on Improving the Degradation of the Feedstock

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Arauzo ◽  
Maciej Olszewski ◽  
Andrea Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Acid Addition ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Higher Temperature

Hydrochar is a very interesting product from agricultural and food production residues. Unfortunately, severe conditions for complete conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is necessary, especially compared to the conversion of sugar compounds. The goal of this work is to improve the conversion of internal carbohydrates by application of a two-steps process, by acid addition and slightly higher water content. A set of experiments at different temperatures (180, 200, and 220 °C), reaction times (2 and 4 h), and moisture contents (80% and 90%) was performed to characterize the solid (high heating value (HHV), elemental) and liquid product phase. Afterwards, acid addition for a catalyzed hydrolysis reaction during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and a two-steps reaction (180 and 220 °C) were tested. As expected, a higher temperature leads to higher C content of the hydrochar and a higher fixed carbon (FC) content. The same effect was found with the addition of acids at lower temperatures. In the two-steps reaction, a primary hydrolysis step increases the conversion of internal carbohydrates. Higher water content has no significant effect, except for increasing the solubility of ash components.

scholarly journals Energy Recovery from Waste Tires Using Pyrolysis: Palestine as Case of Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
Mahmoud Assad ◽  
Tareq Salameh ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
West Bank ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
High Heating

The first industrial-scale pyrolysis plant for solid tire wastes has been installed in Jenin, northern of the West Bank in Palestine, to dispose of the enormous solid tire wastes in the north of West Bank. The disposable process is an environmentally friendly process and it converts tires into useful products, which could reduce the fuel crisis in Palestine. The gravimetric analysis of tire waste pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis plant working at the optimum conditions is: tire pyrolysis oil (TPO): 45%, pyrolysis carbon black (PCB): 35%, pyrolysis gas (Pyro-Gas): 10% and steel wire: 10%. These results are depending on the tire type and size. It has been found that the produced pyrolysis oil has a High Heating Value (HHV), with a range of 42 − 43   ( MJ / kg ) , which could make it useful as a replacement for conventional liquid fuels. The main disadvantage of using the TPO as fuel is its strong acrid smell and its low flash point, as compared with the other conventional liquid fuels. The produced pyrolysis carbon black also has a High Heating Value (HHV) of about 29 (MJ/kg), which could also encourage its usage as a solid fuel. Carbon black could also be used as activated carbon, printers’ ink, etc. The pyrolysis gas (Pyro-Gas) obtained from waste tires mainly consist of light hydrocarbons. The concentration of H2 has a range of 30% to 40% in volume and it has a high calorific value (approximately 31   MJ / m 3 ), which can meet the process requirement of energy. On the other hand, it is necessary to clean gas before the burning process to remove H2S from Pyro-Gas, and hence, reduce the acid rain problem. However, for the current plant, some recommendations should be followed for more comfortable operation and safer environment work conditions.

Producing a high heating value and weather resistant solid fuel via briquetting of blended wood residues and thermoplastics

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 119263
Author(s):  
Bing Song ◽  
Martin Cooke-Willis ◽  
Beatrix Theobald ◽  
Peter Hall
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Wood Residues ◽  
High Heating

scholarly journals Fast analysis of high heating value and elemental compositions of sorghum biomass using near-infrared spectroscopy

Energy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 1353-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Ling Zhou ◽  
Michael Brady ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
Jianming Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fast Analysis ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Elemental Compositions ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
High Heating

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE BIOMASSAS PARA A BRIQUETAGEM

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Aleixo Silva ◽  
Gabriela Tami Nakashima ◽  
João Lúcio Barros ◽  
Alessandra Luzia Da Roz ◽  
Fabio Minoru Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
High Heating

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a produção de briquetes feita a partir de quatro diferentes biomassas residuais. Foram utilizados os resíduos de serragem de Eucalyptus sp, serragem de Pinus sp, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) e palha de cana-de-açúcar. Os resíduos foram tratados para que obtivessem 12% de umidade e uma granulometria inferior a 1,70 mm. Foram produzidos 15 briquetes para cada um dos quatro tratamentos. A pressão utilizada foi de 1250 kgf.cm-2 durante 30 segundos. Os briquetes obtiveram densidades que oscilaram 0,88 a 1,11 g.cm-3. Isto representou uma faixa de 5 a 14 vezes a menos de ocupação de volume para uma mesma quantidade de massa. O poder calorifico foi de 19.180 J.kg-1 e 20.315 J.kg-1 para as serragens de eucalipto e pinus respectivamente. Para o bagaço e palha de cana os valores foram de 18.541 J.kg-1 e 15.628 J.kg-1. A palha da cana-de-açúcar apresentou um teor de cinzas de 12%. As expansões dos tratamentos oscilaram 4 a 9% e as resistências mecânicas variaram de 1,215 MPa à 0,270 MPa. Todos os briquetes se mostraram resistentes para um empilhamento superior a 10 m de altura. O procedimento adotado pode ajudar a diminuir o espaço de estocagem e de transporte. AbstractThis research aims to characterize the production of briquettes from four different biomasses. We used residues such as Eucalyptus sp sawdust, Pinus sp sawdust , sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L.) and sugarcane straw. The residues were treated to obtain 12% moisture content and particle size less than 1.70 mm. We produced 15 briquettes for each treatment. The pressure used was 1250 kgf.cm-2 for 30 seconds. The briquettes obtained densities ranged from 0.88 to 1.11 g.cm-3. This represented a range of 5 to 14 times less volume occupancy for the same amount of mass. The high heating value (HHV) was 19,180 J.kg-1 and 20,315 J.kg-1 for eucalyptus and pine sawdust respectively. The HHV for the bagasse was 18,541 J.kg-1 and for straw was 15,628 J.kg-1. The straw presented an ash content of 12%. The expansions of the treatments ranged 4 to 9% and mechanical resistances ranging from 1,215 MPa to 0,270 MPa. All briquettes were resistant to a higher stacking to 10 m high. The methods can help to decrease the space of storage and transport.Keywords: Waste; biofuel; energy; compression; stacking.

scholarly journals USE OF CASTOR OIL PLANT PIE FOR SOLID BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Martucheli Amaral ◽  
Luciano Donizeti Varanda ◽  
Gabriela Tami Nakashima ◽  
Pâmela Beatriz Moreira De Oliveira ◽  
Luis Ricardo Oliveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
High Heating ◽  
Oil Plant

The objective of this study was the characterization, analysis and compaction of residues from castor oil plant pie extraction to verify its potential as solid biofuel. The chemical analysis, the mechanical test and the gross calorific value had satisfactory results. With the extraction of residual oil of the material there was a decrease on the high heating value. The produced briquettes presented good longitudinal expansion as well as mechanical strenght, however the presence of residual oil had influence on their strenght. In conclusion, the castor oil plant pie possesses  energetic characteristics suitable for solid biofuel production, in addition it contributes with the reduction of industrial waste amount.

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