scholarly journals Controllable Fano-like Resonance in Terahertz Planar Meta-Rotamers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9796
Author(s):  
Subin Jo ◽  
Min Gyu Bae ◽  
Joong Wook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Dipole ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
Cooperative Effects ◽  
Spatial Coupling ◽  
Coupling Conditions ◽  
Resonance Modes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Planar Metamaterials

Meta-molecules composed of meta-atoms exhibit various electromagnetic phenomena owing to the interaction among the resonance modes of the meta-atoms. In this study, we numerically investigated Fano-like-resonant planar metamaterials composed of meta-molecules at terahertz (THz) frequencies. We present meta-rotamers based only on the difference in the spatial position of their component meta-atoms (C- and Y-shapes) that can be interconverted by rotations and have tunable Fano-like resonance. This is because of the cooperative effects determined by the spatial coupling conditions of the nodes and antinodes of electric-dipole and inductive–capacitive (LC) resonances of the meta-atoms. The findings of this study provide potential options for exploring novel THz devices and for engineering high-level functionalities in metamaterial-based devices.

Difference of [Ca2+]i Movements in Platelets Stimulated by Thrombin and TRAP: the Involvement of αIIbβ3-Mediated TXA2 Synthesis

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (06) ◽  
pp. 1184-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Tomiyama ◽  
Shigenori Honda ◽  
Kayoko Senzaki ◽  
Akito Tanaka ◽  
Mitsuru Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Fibrinogen Binding ◽  
Adp Release ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Txa2 Receptor Antagonist ◽  
High Level ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Peak Increase ◽  
Second Peak ◽  
Assay Conditions

SummaryThis study investigated the difference of [Ca2+]i movement in platelets in response to thrombin and TRAP. The involvement of αIIbβ3 in this signaling was also studied. Stimulation of platelets with thrombin at 0.03 U/ml caused platelet aggregation and a two-peak increase in [Ca2+]i. The second peak of [Ca2+]i, but not the first peak was abolished by the inhibition of platelet aggregation with αIIbβ3 antagonists or by scavenging endogenous ADP with apyrase. A cyclooxygenase inhibitor, aspirin, and a TXA2 receptor antagonist, BM13505, also abolished the second peak of [Ca2+]i but not the first peak, although these regents did not inhibit aggregation. Under the same assay conditions, measurement of TXB2 demonstrated that αIIbβ3 antagonists and aspirin almost completely inhibited the production of TXB2. In contrast to thrombin-stimulation, TRAP caused only a single peak of [Ca2+]i even in the presence of platelet aggregation, and a high level of [Ca2+]i increase was needed for the induction of platelet aggregation. The inhibition of aggregation with αIIbβ3 antagonists had no effect on [Ca2+]i change and TXB2 production induced by TRAP. Inhibition studies using anti-GPIb antibodies suggested that GPIb may be involved in the thrombin response, but not in the TRAP. Our findings suggest that low dose thrombin causes a different [Ca2+]i response and TXA2 producing signal from TRAP. Endogenous ADP release and fibrinogen binding to αIIbβ3 are responsible for the synthesis of TXA2 which results in the induction of the second peak of [Ca2+]i in low thrombin- but not TRAP-stimulated platelets.

ATTITUDE TO OPEN ACCESS IN RUSSIAN SCHOLARLY COMMUNITY: 2018. SURVEY RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Razumova ◽  
N. N. Litvinova ◽  
M. E. Shvartsman ◽  
A. Yu. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Open Access Publishing ◽  
Scholarly Community ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Level ◽  
Access Policies

Introduction. The paper presents survey results on the awareness towards and practice of Open Access scholarly publishing among Russian academics.Materials and Methods. We employed methods of statistical analysis of survey results. Materials comprise results of data processing of Russian survey conducted in 2018 and published results of the latest international surveys. The survey comprised 1383 respondents from 182 organizations. We performed comparative studies of the responses from academics and research institutions as well as different research areas. The study compares results obtained in Russia with the recently published results of surveys conducted in the United Kingdom and Europe.Results. Our findings show that 95% of Russian respondents support open access, 94% agree to post their publications in open repositories and 75% have experience in open access publishing. We did not find any difference in the awareness and attitude towards open access among seven reference groups. Our analysis revealed the difference in the structure of open access publications of the authors from universities and research institutes. Discussion andConclusions. Results reveal a high level of awareness and support to open access and succeful practice in the open access publications in the Russian scholarly community. The results for Russia demonstrate close similarity with the results of the UK academics. The governmental open access policies and programs would foster the practical realization of the open access in Russia.

Quantitative indicators of air traffic controllers’ attitude to the danger of errors

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
O. M. Reva ◽  
V. V. Kamyshin ◽  
S. P. Borsuk ◽  
V. A. Shulhin ◽  
A. V. Nevynitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

The negative and persistent impact of the human factor on the statistics of aviation accidents and serious incidents makes proactive studies of the attitude of “front line” aviation operators (air traffic controllers, flight crewmembers) to dangerous actions or professional conditions as a key component of the current paradigm of ICAO safety concept. This “attitude” is determined through the indicators of the influence of the human factor on decision-making, which also include the systems of preferences of air traffic controllers on the indicators and characteristics of professional activity, illustrating both the individual perception of potential risks and dangers, and the peculiarities of generalized group thinking that have developed in a particular society. Preference systems are an ordered (ranked) series of n = 21 errors: from the most dangerous to the least dangerous and characterize only the danger preference of one error over another. The degree of this preference is determined only by the difference in the ranks of the errors and does not answer the question of how much time one error is more dangerous in relation to another. The differential method for identifying the comparative danger of errors, as well as the multistep technology for identifying and filtering out marginal opinions were applied. From the initial sample of m = 37 professional air traffic controllers, two subgroups mB=20 and mG=7 people were identified with statisti-cally significant at a high level of significance within the group consistency of opinions a = 1%. Nonpara-metric optimization of the corresponding group preference systems resulted in Kemeny’s medians, in which the related (middle) ranks were missing. Based on these medians, weighted coefficients of error hazards were determined by the mathematical prioritization method. It is substantiated that with the ac-cepted accuracy of calculations, the results obtained at the second iteration of this method are more ac-ceptable. The values of the error hazard coefficients, together with their ranks established in the preference systems, allow a more complete quantitative and qualitative analysis of the attitude of both individual air traffic controllers and their professional groups to hazardous actions or conditions.

scholarly journals A Modified KNN Algorithm for High-Performance Computing on FPGA of Real-Time m-QAM Demodulators

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
David Marquez-Viloria ◽  
Luis Castano-Londono ◽  
Neil Guerrero-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Interference Mitigation ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Interchannel Interference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Performance Computing

A methodology for scalable and concurrent real-time implementation of highly recurrent algorithms is presented and experimentally validated using the AWS-FPGA. This paper presents a parallel implementation of a KNN algorithm focused on the m-QAM demodulators using high-level synthesis for fast prototyping, parameterization, and scalability of the design. The proposed design shows the successful implementation of the KNN algorithm for interchannel interference mitigation in a 3 × 16 Gbaud 16-QAM Nyquist WDM system. Additionally, we present a modified version of the KNN algorithm in which comparisons among data symbols are reduced by identifying the closest neighbor using the rule of the 8-connected clusters used for image processing. Real-time implementation of the modified KNN on a Xilinx Virtex UltraScale+ VU9P AWS-FPGA board was compared with the results obtained in previous work using the same data from the same experimental setup but offline DSP using Matlab. The results show that the difference is negligible below FEC limit. Additionally, the modified KNN shows a reduction of operations from 43 percent to 75 percent, depending on the symbol’s position in the constellation, achieving a reduction 47.25% reduction in total computational time for 100 K input symbols processed on 20 parallel cores compared to the KNN algorithm.

scholarly journals E-learning-Oriented Software Architecture Design and Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Peng Lu ◽  
Xiao Cong ◽  
Dongdai Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Application Framework ◽  
Component Library ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

Nowadays, E-learning system has been widely applied to practical teaching. It was favored by people for its characterized course arrangement and flexible learning schedule. However, the system does have some problems in the process of application such as the functions of single software are not diversified enough to satisfy the requirements in teaching completely. In order to cater more applications in the teaching process, it is necessary to integrate functions from different systems. But the difference in developing techniques and the inflexibility in design makes it difficult to implement. The major reason of these problems is the lack of fine software architecture. In this article, we build domain model and component model of E-learning system and components integration method on the basis of WebService. And we proposed an abstract framework of E-learning which could express the semantic relationship among components and realize high level reusable on the basis of informationized teaching mode. On this foundation, we form an E-learning oriented layering software architecture contain component library layer, application framework layer and application layer. Moreover, the system contains layer division multiplexing and was not built upon developing language and tools. Under the help of the software architecture, we could build characterized E-learning system flexibly like building blocks through framework selection, component assembling and replacement. In addition, we exemplify how to build concrete E-learning system on the basis of this software architecture.

scholarly journals Has the Propensity to Pay Dividends Declined? Evidence from the US Banking Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Shaojie Lai ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Jiangze Du ◽  
Shuwen Pi
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Logit Models ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Propensity To Pay ◽  
Financial Firm ◽  
Very High

This article examines the propensity to pay dividends in the U.S banking sector during 1973–2014. Although the propensity to pay dividends has been declining over the 52 years of our sample period, banks are consistently more likely to pay dividends than non-financial firms. Using the coefficients from logit models estimated early in the sample period to forecast the percentage of dividend payers in each subsequent year, we conclude that there has been a decline in the likelihood of paying dividends in the banking sector. However, the decline started from a very high level as compared to that of the non-banking sectors. In addition, the variables taken from the non-financial firm literature do not explain the difference between the actual and expected percentage of dividend payers in the banking sector. We also conduct exploratory analyses with bank-specific variables. Although newly included variables are significantly related to the likelihood of paying dividends, they do not explain the declining propensity to pay dividends in the banking sector.

scholarly journals Design and Testing of an Experimental Steam-Induced Burn Model in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad Porumb ◽  
Alexandru Florentin Trandabăț ◽  
Cristina Terinte ◽  
Irina Draga Căruntu ◽  
Elena Porumb-Andrese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automated System ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Exposure Temperature ◽  
Degree Burn ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Experimental Burns ◽  
Second Degree

Background. Most of the current models for experimental burns pose difficulties in ensuring consistency and standardization.Aim of Study. We aimed to develop an automated, reproducible technique for experimental burns using steam-based heat transfer.Methods. The system developed for steam exposure was based on a novel, integrated, computer-controlled design. Three groups of rats were exposed to steam for 1, 3, and 7 seconds. The lesions were evaluated after 20 minutes, 48 hours, and 72 hours after burn induction.Results. One-second steam application produced a superficial second-degree burn; three-second application induced deep second-degree burn; and seven-second application led to a third-degree burn.Conclusion. The high level of automation of our integrated, computer-controlled system makes the difference between our system and other models, by ensuring the control of the duration of exposure, temperature, and pressure and eliminating as many potential human generated errors as possible. The automated system can accurately reproduce specific types of burns, according to histological assessment. This model could generate the reproducible data needed in the study of burn pathology and in order to assess new treatments.

scholarly journals Reading the bed morphology of a mountain stream: a geomorphometric study on high-resolution topographic data

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Trevisani ◽  
M. Cavalli ◽  
L. Marchi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Topographic Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
High Level ◽  
Local Anomalies

Abstract. High-resolution topographic data expand the potential of quantitative analysis of the earth surface, improving the interpretation of geomorphic processes. In particular, the morphologies of the channel beds of mountain streams, which are characterised by strong spatial variability, can be analysed much more effectively with this type of data. In this study, we analysed the aerial LiDAR topographic data of a headwater stream, the Rio Cordon (watershed area: 5 km2), located in the Dolomites (north-eastern Italy). The morphology of the channel bed of Rio Cordon is characterised by alternating step pools, cascades, and rapids with steps. We analysed the streambed morphology by means of ad hoc developed morphometric indices, capable of highlighting morphological features at a high level of spatial resolution. To perform the analysis and the data interpolation, we carried out a channel-oriented coordinate transformation. In the new coordinate system, the calculation of morphometric indices in directions along and transverse to the flow direction is straightforward. Three geomorphometric indices were developed and applied as follows: a slope index computed on the whole width of the channel bed, directional variograms computed along the flow direction and perpendicular to it, and local anomalies, calculated as the difference between directional variograms at different spatial scales. Directional variograms in the flow direction and local anomalies have proven to be effective at recognising morphologic units, such as steps, pools and clusters of large boulders. At the spatial scale of channel reaches, these indices have demonstrated a satisfactory capability to outline patterns associated with boulder cascades and rapids with steps, whereas they did not clearly differentiate between morphologies with less marked morphological differences, such as step pools and cascades.

scholarly journals The Impact of CEOs' Compensations on Cost Stickiness in Industrial Companies Listed on the Amman Stock Exchange

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Lina Fuad Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Cost Behavior ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cost Stickiness

The purpose of this study is to analyze the asymmetry in cost behavior (cost stickiness) and to identify the impact of CEOs' compensation on the degree of cost stickiness behavior. The study population consists of the public shareholding companies listed on the ASE, which number (56) industrial company. Data were collected from (35) industrial companies for the period (2009 - 2019). To measure the degree of costs stickiness, The Model of Weiss (2010) was used. The Model of Weiss (2010) takes into account the costs and changes in the level of activity (sales) for the last four quarters of the company, Weiss (2010) model constructs the difference in logarithmic ratios of changes in cost. The study found that the CEO's compensation in Jordanian industrial companies consists of two forms. The companies pay fixed salaries or performance-related bonuses. The study found that the form of compensation that is paid to the CEO affects the behavior of managers. The results indicated that the performance-related rewards are accompanied by a decrease in the level of cost stickiness, and the compensation paid in the form of fixed salaries are accompanied by a high level of cost stickiness. The study recommends that companies should understand the role of the compensation form in administrative decisions, especially with regard to resource modifications, as management motives in relation to resource modifications must be taken into account because of their clear and direct impact on the cost structure of companies.

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