scholarly journals An Air Pollutant Emission Reduction Path of China’s Power Industry

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 852
Author(s):  
Yue Yu ◽  
Zhi-xin Jin ◽  
Ji-zu Li ◽  
Yu-cheng Wu ◽  
Li Jia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Reduction Cost

In China, as the major source of energy consumption and air pollutant emissions, the power industry is not only the principal force that bears the responsibility of national emission reduction targets but also a breakthrough that reflects the effectiveness of emission reduction. In this study, based on the integrated MARKAL-EFOM system (TIMES) model and scenario analysis method, a bottom-up energy system optimization model for the power industry was established, and four scenarios with different constraints were set up to predict and analyze the power demand and the energy consumption structure. Emission characteristics, emission reduction characteristics, and emission reduction cost of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxide (NOX), particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), and mercury (Hg) were quantitatively studied. Finally, for the environmentally friendly development and optimal adjustment of power production systems in China, the control path in the power industry that is conducive to the emission reduction of air pollutants was obtained, which is of great significance for the ultimate realization of climate friendliness. The results demonstrate that from 2020 to 2050, the power demand of the terminal departments will increase, with the composition significantly changed. The focus of power demand will change from industry to the service industry gradually. If no additional targeted emission reduction or adjustment policies are added in the power industry, the primary energy and air pollutant emissions will increase significantly, putting great pressure on resources and the environment. For the emission reduction of air pollutants, the promotion effect of emission reduction measures, such as the implementation and promotion of non-fossil fuels, is restricted. The power industry can introduce and maximize the best available technologies while optimizing the structure of energy consumption to realize efficient emission reduction of air pollutants and energy conservation. In 2030, emissions will reach peak values with reasonable emission reduction cost. This has the additional effect of abating energy consumption and preventing deterioration of the ecological environment, which is of profound significance for the ultimate realization of climate friendliness.

The Evaluation of Air Pollutant Emission Reduction Effect of Port Handling and Distributing Facilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2719-2727
Author(s):  
Bing Qiao ◽  
Yi Chao Liu ◽  
Wei Jian He ◽  
Yu Jun Tian ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Inland River ◽  
Port Throughput

Based on methods of the fuel consumption, statistical and analogy analysis, the throughput amount method was established to calculate the emissions from port handling, and the minimum mileage method was established to estimate emissions from port cargo highway distributing. In the methods, some coefficients were used obtained by investigations: the current container handling emission factors of NOx, VOCs, CO, PM2.5 and SOx are 1.64, 0.21, 0.42, 0.01 and 0.29 t/TEU; the energy consumption of the unit throughput is 4.12 tons of standard coal per 104tons; the ratios of the unit non container cargoe handling energy consumption for coastal and inland river ports to those of container cargo are 0.631 and 0.405; the ratio of the unit non container cargoe highway distributing energy consumption to those of container cargo is 0.365. The calculation results show that the total emissions from the cargo handling and highway distributing of 2013 in China for NOx, VOCs, CO, PM2.5 and SOx are 54.365, 14.821, 24.631, 5.599 and 16.802 104tons, and the emissions from highway distributing are 4.21, 10.02, 8.24, 8.22 and 8.19 times of the emissions from port handling facilities. According to energy saving and emission reduction measures, formulas were established to calculate air pollutant emissions after the new added measures. Analyzing the real performance of the measures implemented since 2001 and predicting its trend of development, a scenario was designed, in which the Chinese port throughput continuously rises while the energy saving and emission reduction efforts gradually increase by 2020: the popularities of the energy saving measure of "oil changing to electricity" and the clean fuel measure of "oil changing to gas" reach 100% and 83%; the proportion of power plants with 95% desulfurization and denitrification reaches 100%; the energy saving and emission reduction efficiency of port cargo distributing optimization measures reaches 40%. Under this scenario, the prediction shows that during the port throughput increasing approximately 4.2 times from 2005 to 2020, the air pollutant emissions will be reduced significantly, returning to a lower level compared with 2005. The above methods and results can be used to support the decision-making and the implementation of emission reduction measures for the national, regional and port enterprises.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance Mechanism of Climate Change and Air Pollution: Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6785
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Yuqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Industrial Carbon

Since entering the industrialized era, China’s greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutant emissions have increased rapidly. China is the country with the most greenhouse gas emissions, and it is also facing serious local air pollution problems. China’s industrial sector is the largest contributor to CO2 and air pollutants. The resulting climate change and air pollution issues have caused China to face double pressures. This article uses the CO2 and comprehensive air pollutant emission data of China’s industrial sector as a starting point and uses econometric research methods to explore the synergy between China’s industrial carbon emission reduction and industrial comprehensive air pollutant emission reduction. The synergistic effect between industrial carbon emissions and industrial comprehensive air pollutant emissions has been quantified, and the transmission path of the synergistic effect has been explored. The empirical results show that there are benefits of synergistic governance between climate change and air pollution in China’s industrial sector. Every 1000 tons of carbon reduction in the industrial sector will result in 1 ton of comprehensive air pollutant reduction. The increase in R&D expenditure in the energy and power sector can significantly promote the reduction of air pollutants in the industrial sector. Increasing the intensity of environmental regulations is the main expansion path for synergy. However, in eastern, central, and western China, the synergy is not the same. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate regionally differentiated emission reduction policies. The research conclusions of this article can provide policy references for the coordinated governance of climate change and air pollution in China.

scholarly journals Uncovering the characteristics of air pollutants emission in industrial parks and analyzing emission reduction potential: case studies in Henan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gengyu Gao ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Ruoyu Xue ◽  
Donghui Liu ◽  
He Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Emission Reduction Potential ◽  
Energy Intensive Industries

AbstractIndustrial parks contribute greatly to China’s economic development while emitting huge air pollutants. It is necessary to study the characteristics of air pollutant emissions in industrial parks. In this study, emission inventories for 11 industrial parks were established. Meanwhile, the source emission and spatial distribution characteristics of the industrial park were analyzed. The cluster analysis was used to classify these parks into “4Hs”, “Mixed” and “4Ls” parks. “4Hs”, “Mixed” and “4Ls” represent that the levels of energy intensity, economic proportion of energy-intensive industries, coal proportion and pollution performance value are high, medium and low in turn. Then three emission reduction measures were set up to estimate the emission reduction potential and environmental impacts. The results show that: (1) the emissions of SO2, NOx, CO, PM10, PM2.5, VOCs and NH3 of 11 industrial parks in 2017 were 11.2, 23.1, 30.8, 8.3, 3.5, 5.1, and 1.1 kt, respectively. (2) Power plants were the largest source of SO2 and NOx emissions, and industrial processes were the largest emission source of CO, PM10, PM2.5, VOCs and NH3. (3) “4Hs” parks with traditional energy-intensive industries as the leading industries should be the emphasis of air pollutant emission reduction. (4) Through the optimal emission reduction measures, SO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5 and VOCs were reduced by 81, 46, 51, 46 and 77%, respectively. Environmental impact reductions include 1.6 kt SO2eq acidified gas emissions, 1.4 kt PO43−eq eutrophication substances, 4.2 kt PM10eq atmospheric particulate emissions, 7.0 kt 1,4-DCEeq human toxic substances, and 5.2 kt PM2.5 eq breathing Inorganic. This study is helpful to understand the characteristics of air pollutants emissions in industrial parks and promotes the proposal and implementation of air pollutant emissions reduction strategies.

scholarly journals Analysis of Environmental Benefits of Shore Power for Preventing and Controlling Air Pollution Caused by Vessels at Berth

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Jieling ◽  
Li Haibo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate

When vessels are berthed at ports, the air pollutants emitted by auxiliary engines will cause severe pollution to the ports and surrounding environments. In view of this situation, the author first summarizes the Chinese policies and policies of foreign countries on emission of air pollutants from vessels at berth, and then analyses the current status of and measures for control of air pollutant emission from vessels at berth. Secondly, the author analyses the environmental benefits of using shore power for better controlling air pollutant emission from vessels at berth, compares vessels using shore power with vessels using generated power in the energy conservation and emission reduction effects based on the fuel consumption rate of different auxiliary engines and current status of pollutant emission from power generation in China etc., analyses the current status of shore power application in China, estimates the energy conserved and emission reduced when shore power is used by vessels at berth. Thirdly, the author identifies the scale of electric energy replacement by, and environmental benefits of, shore power at ports in China. This paper delivers innovative approaches to the comparison between the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction based on fuel consumption rates of different auxiliary engines and estimation of conserved energy and reduced emission.

scholarly journals Estimation of Air Pollutant Emissions in Eastern Indonesia from Non-Oil and Gas Sources (Case Study in Sulawesi and Papua)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Dessy Gusnita ◽  
Dita Fatria
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Emission Estimation ◽  
Papua Barat

<p>Estimation of air pollutant emissions from non-oil and gas sources in eastern Indonesia, namely Sulawesi and Papua provinces during the period 2014 – 2016 was conducted. This paper intended to estimate the emission of three air pollutants namely NOx, SO<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>. The aim was to find out the amount of pollutant and greenhouse gas (<em>GHG</em>) emissions in the Sulawesi and Papua regions. The method used was the emission estimation method based on statistical data of Gross Regional Domestic Income (GRDP) in the Papua and Sulawesi regions. The results from estimation of pollutant emissions was then carried out for pollutant emissions mapping. The pollutant emission estimation showed the emission of air pollutants in Sulawesi region was higher than Papua. The mapping of emissions in Sulawesi were consisted of four provinces, namely north, central, south and southeast Sulawesi. The Papua region were consisted of Papua and west Papua provinces. The highest emission in Sulawesi region was south Sulawesi. The CO<sub>2</sub> emission in Sulawesi was increase about 23% with the detail value; 84.4 tons in 2014; 94.3 tons in 2015; and 103.7 tons in 2016. The emission of NOx during 2014 until 2016 are 0.53, 0.58 and 0.64 tons, there was an increasing in the emission of NOx around 21%. In addition, SO<sub>2</sub> emission of south Sulawesi are 0.42 tons in 2014, 0.47 tons in 2015 and 0.51 tons in 2016, increased about 21 % during the year 2014 - 2016. In the Papua region, the emission in Papua was higher than Papua Barat province. CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in Papua during 2014 -2016 were 112, 124.8 and 144.99 tons, it means the CO<sub>2</sub> was increased 29%. The emission of NOx during 2014-2016 were 0.70, 0.77 and 0.89 tons, increased around 27%. In addition, SO<sub>2</sub> emission was increase 26% with the detail value; 0.56 tons in 2014; 0.61 tons in 2015 and 0.71 tons in 2016.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em></em></strong><strong><em><br /></em></strong><em></em></p>

scholarly journals A Quantitative Rating System for Pollutant Emission Reduction of Asphalt Mixture

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohui Wang ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Qiang Joshua Li ◽  
Xiaolong Sun ◽  
Zhenxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Ranking Systems ◽  
Pollutant Reduction

This study presents a comprehensive pollutant reduction rating system for hot mix asphalt (HMA) with three Level I indices and ten Level II indices, covering various aspects in HMA pollutant emissions, energy consumption, and exhausts from construction equipment. The pollutant emission reduction effects are investigated not only in the laboratory for modified asphalt mixtures with various mixture gradation and binder types but also in the field for several warm mix asphalt (WMA) projects. Furthermore, energy consumption and emission data during pavement construction are obtained from 58 in situ highway projects in 10 provinces of China. Based on the hierarchical clustering method and Bayesian discriminant analysis, individual ranking systems are developed to quantify pollutant emission reduction effects and energy consumption. Subsequently, a comprehensive reduction rating system is established based on the analytic hierarchy process and approximation methods. A case study is demonstrated to implement the proposed system for the assessment of emission reduction effects.

scholarly journals Scenario Assessment of CO2 and Air Pollutants Emission Reduction Policies for Private Passenger Vehicles in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 04035
Author(s):  
Yanjie Jiang ◽  
Peilin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The Government

The rapid increase of private passenger vehicles in China has brought about serious problems of CO2 and air pollutant emissions. It has important practical guiding significance to compare the effects of emission reduction policies. In this paper, the LEAP system is used as a tool with classifying the private passenger vehicles according to the heterogeneity of displacement and fuel economy. The different emission reduction policy scenarios are simulated with respective implementation time and characteristic parameters. It is found that the management target of fuel economy is difficult to be realized by existing policies. Even the most stringent emission standards are all implemented, it is also necessary to cooperate with green travel which is mainly about reducing vehicles’ annual travel distance. Although the annual increment of private passenger car is huge, however, there will be a certain downward trend in the discharge of air pollutants. On this basis, it is suggested that a policy goal of maintaining or lowering the emission level can be established. The research suggests that, on the supply side the government should continue to strengthen the management of fuel economy, improve the emission standards, boost the new energy vehicles vigorously, the energy saving vehicles under overall consideration and diesel cars carefully, while on the demand side the green travel should be encouraged at the same time.

scholarly journals Response of Global Air Pollutant Emissions to Climate Change and Its Potential Effects on Human Life Expectancy Loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianwen Cheng ◽  
Manchun Li ◽  
Feixue Li ◽  
Haoqing Tang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Geographical Environment

Geographical environment and climate change are basic factors for spatial fluctuations in the global distribution of air pollutants. Against the background of global climate change, further investigation is needed on how meteorological characteristics and complex geographical environment variations can drive spatial air pollution variations. This study analyzed the response of air pollutant emissions to climate change and the potential effects of air pollutant emissions on human health by integrating the air pollutant emission simulation model (GAINS) with 3 versions and CMIP5. The mechanism by which meteorological characteristics and geographical matrices can drive air pollution based on monitoring data at the site-scale was also examined. We found the total global emission of major air pollutants increased 1.32 times during 1970–2010. Air pollutant emissions will increase 2.89% and 4.11% in China and developed countries when the scenario of only maximum technically feasible reductions is performed (V4a) during 2020–2050. However, it will decrease 19.33% and 6.78% respectively by taking the V5a climate scenario into consideration, and precipitation variation will contribute more to such change, especially in China. Locally, the air circulation mode that is dominated by local geographical matrices and meteorological characteristics jointly affect the dilution and diffusion of air pollutants. Therefore, natural conditions, such as climate changes, meteorological characteristics and topography, play an important role in spatial air pollutant emissions and fluctuations, and must be given more attention in the processes of air pollution control policy making.

scholarly journals Analysis of Air Pollutant Emission Inventory from Farm Tractor Operations in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Gyu-Gang Han ◽  
Jun-Hyuk Jeon ◽  
Myoung-Ho Kim ◽  
Seong-Min Kim
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Agricultural Tractors ◽  
Engine Size

Due to the decline in the agricultural labor force and rapid aging of farmers, agricultural machinery is becoming larger, higher-performance, and diversified. In this study, an air pollutant emission inventory for agricultural tractors was analyzed and compared with the inventory developed by a national agency. Agricultural tractors include walking and riding tractors and, further, riding tractors were divided into three subcategories based on their engine size. In addition, tractor emissions were classified according to the usage time of each operation. Seven air pollutants, such as CO, NOx, SOx, TSP, VOCs (PM10), PM2.5, and NH3, were included in the inventory. The results showed that the total yearly emissions in 2017 were 3300 Mg, 9110 Mg, 4 Mg, 567 Mg, 522 Mg, 759 Mg, and 33 Mg for CO, NOx, SOx, TSP, VOCs, PM10, PM2.5, and NH3, respectively. The most emitted air pollutant in the transporting operation using walking tractors is NOx, and the amount of emission is 1023 Mg/y. Riding tractors mainly emit a large amount of NOx, in the order of medium, large, and small tractors. The NOx emissions from medium, large, and small riding tractors are 1103 Mg/y, 676 Mg/y, and 322 Mg/y, respectively, from harrowing operations and are 445 Mg/y, 273 Mg/y, and 130 Mg/y, respectively, from tilling operations. The results also showed that the total pollutant emissions from tractors were increased 10% compared to the emission inventory developed by a national agency due to categorizing riding tractors into three subcategories. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to spatially assign air pollutant variables to 17 provinces and metropolitan cities in Korea.

Electric Power Industry Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Policy Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Hai Tian Sun ◽  
Ming Liang Zhao ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Hong Lei Shi ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Recently, energy saving and emission reduction get more attention in the world, electric power industry is one of the major sectors of energy consumption. The national government has issued a series of related policies and regulations to change the power structure and control pollutant emissions, in order to improve the level of energy conservation and emission reduction. Some problems exist in the current policies and regulations. This paper puts forward measures and suggestions to strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction.

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