scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Urban Road Dust of Zhengzhou Metropolis, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1213
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Zening Wu ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Zafar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Imran Azam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Metal Levels

The goal of this research is to assess hazardous heavy metal levels in PM2.5 fractioned road dust in order to quantify the risk of inhalation and potential health effects. To accomplish this, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was used to determine concentrations of eight heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, As, Pb, and Hg) in the PM2.5 portion of road dust samples from five different land use areas (commercial, residential, industrial, parks, and educational) in Zhengzhou, China. The following were the average heavy metal concentrations in the city: Cr 46.26 mg/kg, Cu 25.13 mg/kg, Ni 12.51 mg/kg, Zn 152.35 mg/kg, Cd 0.56 mg/kg, As 11.53 mg/kg, Pb 52.15 mg/kg, and Hg 0.32 mg/kg. Two pollution indicators, the Pollution Index (PI) and the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), were used to determine the degree of contamination. Both PI and Igeo indicated the extreme pollution of Hg and Cd, while PI also ranked Zn in the extreme polluted range. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) model for adults and children was used to estimate health risks by inhalation. The results identified non-carcinogenic exposure of children to lead (HI > 0.1) in commercial and industrial areas. Both children and adults in Zhengzhou’s commercial, residential, and park areas are exposed to higher levels of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn).

scholarly journals Keban Baraj Gölü Örencik Mevkiinden (Elazığ) Yakalanan Capoeta trutta’nın Kas Dokusundaki Bazı Ağır Metal Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1250-1257
Author(s):  
Özgür Canpolat ◽  
Metin Çalta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

Keban Dam Lake is the second largest dam lake in Turkey. In addition, it has the feature of being one of the most important dam lakes in our country in terms of both aquaculture potential and electricity generation. In this study, fish samples belong to Capoeta trutta caught from Örencik region of Keban Dam Lake were used. The concentrations of some heavy metals (copper, iron, zinc, chromium, nickel, cadmium, arsenic and mercury) in muscle of Capoeta trutta and the potential health risk from consumption of this fish species were examined. In addidion, the relationship between the heavy metal levels and some biological aspects of fish (weight, length and sex) were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that the most and the least accumulated heavy metals in the muscle tissue of Capoeta trutta were zinc and cadmium respectively. The concentration of heavy metals showed differences according to weight, length and sex of fish. The results were found indicated that heavy metal levels in the muscle tissue of Capoeta trutta are below the tolerable values recommended by EPA, WHO and FAO. Therefore, there is not any risk for human consumption of this fish species.

scholarly journals Heavy metal concentration in vegetables and their potential risk for human health

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
A. Feseha ◽  
◽  
A.K. Chaubey ◽  
A. Abraha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Collard Green

This study assesses heavy metal levels in the water, soil, and vegetables (swiss chard, lettuce, cabbage, collard green, tomato, green pepper, and carrot) irrigated with wastewater in Gamo, Ethiopia. The samples of soils, waters, and vegetables were randomly collected, processed, and analyzed for heavy metals using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results obtained show that the mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, and Ni had the highest concentration, and Pb, Zn, and Cu had the lowest concentration in irrigation waters. The levels of Cd in the Kulfo river area and Chamo Lake area and Cu in most of the farm soils were also found to be higher than the guideline values. The study also revealed that the mean levels of Cd in most vegetables and Cr and Pb in some vegetables were higher than the maximum recommended limits set by the World Health Organization / Food and Agriculture Organization 2001. Among the vegetables, cabbage had the highest heavy metal content followed by Swiss-chard, carrot, tomato, collard green, green pepper, and lettuce. The Hazard quotient of Cu, and Ni of all samples of vegetables and Cd in some samples vegetables obtained exceeded unity. It signifies that there are potential health risks to the consumers. This study recommends regular monitoring of heavy metals in soils, waters, and foodstuffs to prevent excessive accrual in the food chain.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn Amounts in Muscles of Cyprinus Carpio from Karasu Stream, Sinop

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Bat ◽  
Fatih Şahin ◽  
Ayşah Öztekin ◽  
Elif Arici ◽  
Öztekin Yardim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Cu And Zn

Heavy metal contaminations in aquatic habitats effect negatively on the organisms that depend on the water. In this work heavy metal levels in edible tissues of Cyprinus carpio from Karasu Stream in Sinop in summer, autumn and winter were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer. The accumulation pattern in the work is in the order of Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd> Hg. The amounts of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in carps were 0.022-0.036, 0.031-0.045, 0.22-0.29, 1.32-1.61 and 8.4-12.3 mg kg-1 wet wt., respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals in C. carpio were all below the TFC and EC guidelines. Total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) was 0.10722 and below 1 which showed that consumption of carp from the Karasu Stream has no health threats by now as the heavy metals investigated was concerned.

scholarly journals Human health risk assessment of lead, cadmium, and mercury co-exposure from agricultural soils in the Tuzla Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-279
Author(s):  
Maida Šljivić Husejnović ◽  
Saša Janković ◽  
Dragica Nikolić ◽  
Biljana Antonijević
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Metal Levels

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the risk of human exposure to lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) through agricultural soil by considering both uncertainty and variability in key exposure parameters. For this reason we collected soil samples from 29 locations in the Tuzla Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina) and measured their metal levels with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission or absorption spectrometry (ICP-AES and ICP-AAS, respectively). The levels of Pb ranged from 13.33 to 1692.33 mg/kg, of Cd from 0.05 to 3.67 mg/kg, and of Hg from 0.02 to 2.73 mg/kg. To estimate cancer and non-cancer risks we used deterministic and semi-probabilistic methods. Lead was found to involve higher health risk than the other two heavy metals. Its hazard index (HI) decreased between population groups (children>women>men) and exposure routes (ingestion>skin contact>inhalation). Our Monte Carlo simulations indicated that Pb HIs for both adult populations had a 0.6 % probability to exceed the threshold value of 1, while in children this probability was 14.2 %. Cd and Hg showed no probability to exceed the threshold in any scenario. Our simulation results raise concern about possible adverse health effects of heavy metals from soil, especially in children. It is very important to continue monitoring environmental pollution and assess human health risk, not only with respect to soil, but also with other important environmental compartments, such as air and water.

scholarly journals Determination and Assessment of the Toxic Heavy Metal Elements Abstracted from the Traditional Plant Cosmetics and Medical Remedies: Case Study of Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiman M. Bobaker ◽  
Intisar Alakili ◽  
Sukiman B. Sarmani ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Walnut Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Henna and walnut tree bark are widely used by Libyan women as cosmetics. They may contain lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), which, in turn, pose a high risk to their health. This study aims to determine the levels of Pb, Cd and As in henna and walnut tree bark products sold in Libyan markets. The products were analyzed for their Pb, Cd and As content by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after a microwave acid digestion. The results showed a significant difference between the henna and walnut tree bark samples in terms of their heavy metals content (p < 0.05). The highest heavy metal concentrations were observed in the walnut tree bark samples whereas the lowest was observed in the henna samples. In addition, 60% of the henna and 90% of the walnut tree bark samples contained Pb levels and approximately 80% of the henna and 90% the walnut tree bark samples contained Cd levels, which are much higher than the tolerance limit. However, As concentrations in all the samples were lower. The results indicated that such cosmetics expose consumers to high levels of Pb and Cd and hence, to potential health risks. Thus, studying the sources and effects of heavy metals in such cosmetics is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Concentration, Spatial Distribution, Contamination Degree and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Soils across China between 2003 and 2019—A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangmei Tong ◽  
Hairong Li ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Muyesaier Tudi ◽  
Linsheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Contamination Levels

This study provides an overview of the studies of heavy metal pollution regarding As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in the urban soils throughout 71 cities of China, based on data from online literature, during the period 2003–2019. The concentrations, spatial distributions, contamination degrees and health risks of heavy metals in the urban soils were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the mean values of eight heavy metals all exceeded the soil background values in China, and the kriging interpolation method showed that the hot-spot cities with heavy metal contamination in urban soils were mainly concentrated in the southwest, southcentral, southeast coast, northcentral and northwest regions of China. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that Hg and Cd were at moderate contamination levels and that the levels of the other six metals did not appear contamination. The pollution index (PI) showed that Cd and Hg reached high contamination levels, and the other metals reached moderate contamination levels. The integrated pollution index (IPI) and potential ecological risk index (PRI) indicated that the integral urban soils in the study areas ranked high contamination levels and moderate ecological risk degree, respectively, and Cd and Hg should be labeled as priority metals for control in the urban soils around China. The human health risk assessments for the heavy metals indicated that ingestion was the dominant exposure pathway for having adverse effects on human health. The mean Hazard index (HI) values of eight heavy metals all showed that adverse effects on human health were unlikely, and the mean carcinogenic (CR) values of As, Cr and Ni for children and adults all suggested an acceptable carcinogenic risk to human beings. In addition, children exposed to these heavy metals faced more serious non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health threats compared to adults. The results could provide valuable information for demanding the better control of heavy metal pollution and mitigation of the adverse effects on residents by environmental regulators in national urban regions.

scholarly journals Pencemaran Logam Berat Kadmium (Cd) dalam Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) yang Didaratkan di Tambak Lorok Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445
Author(s):  
Erian Febri Satriawan ◽  
Ita Widowati ◽  
Jusup Suprijanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Anadara Granosa

Perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang merupakan daerah yang terdapat banyak aktivitas industri. Banyaknya aktivitas industri di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang dapat menyebabkan tingginya angka pencemaran lingkungan, terutama logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat Cd (kadmium) pada kerang darah (Anadara granosa) yang terdapat di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang dan kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap penilaian resiko kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret, Juni, Juli dan Agustus tahun 2020 di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang. Logam berat dari kerang tersebut berdasarkan pembacaan Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) menunjukkan nilai berturut – turut 0,280 mg/kg; 0,514 mg/kg; 0,430 mg/kg; dan 1,649 mg/kg. Berdasarkan konsentrasi rata-rata Cd lebih rendah dari BSN (2009) yaitu 1 mg/kg kecuali pada bulan Agustus 2020. Perkiraan asupan harian (EDI) oleh masyarakat berkisar antara (0,000168-0,000987) mg/kg/hari. Lalu, nilai bahaya target (THQ) untuk Cd berkisar (0,161-0,946). Nilai ECR yang didapatkan untuk Cd berkisar antara (2,6x10-5 - 1,5x10-4) Pada umumnya semua nilai THQ pada kerang A. granosa kurang dari 1. Sementara semua nilai ECR pada kerang A. granosa kurang dari 10-4 pada bulan Agustus 2020. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kerang A. granosa yang terdapat di perairan Tambak Lorok Semarang masih bisa untuk dikonsumsi. Dan tidak ada efek buruk kesehatan non-karsinogenik. Namun pada bulan Agustus 2020 memiliki efek karsinogenik. apabila masyarakat mengkonsumsi daging kerang A. granosa yang terpapar logam berat kadmium (Cd). Tambak Lorok Waters in Semarang is an area that has many industrial activities. A large number of industrial activities in Tambak Lorok Semarang waters can cause a high number of environmental pollution, especially heavy metals. This study aims to determine the content of heavy metal Cd (cadmium) in blood clams (Anadara granosa) found in Tambak Lorok waters Semarang. Based on the metal content, an analysis of human health risk assessments was carried out. This research was conducted in March, June, July, and August 2020 in Tambak Lorok waters, Semarang. The heavy metals from these shells based on Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) readings showed a value of 0.280 mg/kg respectively; 0.514 mg/kg; 0.430 mg / kg; and 1.649 mg/kg. Based on the average concentration of Cd is lower than BSN (2009) that is 1 mg/kg except in August 2020. Estimated daily intake (EDI) by the community ranges from (0.000168-0.000987) mg/kg/day. Then, the target hazard value (THQ) for Cd ranges (0.161-0.946). The value of ECR for Cd range between (2,6x10-5 - 1,5x10-4). In general, all THQ values in A. granosa shells are less than 1. And then for all ECR value in A. granosa was less than 10-4. Based on this research, it can be concluded that A. granosa shells found in Tambak Lorok Semarang waters are still able for consumption. And there are no adverse non-carcinogenic health effects. But in August 2020 it has a carcinogenic effect. if people consumed A. granosa exposed by heavy metal cadmium (Cd).

scholarly journals Correlation between levels of airborne endotoxin and heavy metals in subway environments in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungho Hwang ◽  
So-Yeon Kim ◽  
Sangjun Choi ◽  
Sangwon Lee ◽  
Dong-Uk Park
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Mass Spectrometers ◽  
Underground Tunnel ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Airborne Endotoxins

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the exposure levels and variation in airborne endotoxin and heavy metals such as aluminum, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), zinc, and lead (Pb) in the three different South Korean subway environments (driver room, station office, and underground tunnel) and identify subway characteristics influencing endotoxin and heavy metals levels. Air samples were collected and analyzed using the kinetic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers. The geometric mean was determined for endotoxin levels (0.693 EU/m3). It was also found that Fe (5.070 µg/m3) had the highest levels in subway environments while Pb (0.008 µg/m3) had the lowest levels. Endotoxin levels were higher in the underground tunnel and lower in the station office; the total heavy metal levels showed the same pattern with endotoxin levels. Endotoxins and total heavy metal levels were higher in the morning than at night. Positive correlations were found between endotoxin and Cr, Fe, Mn, and Ni levels. Given the correlation between airborne endotoxins and heavy metals, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to identify the correlation between levels of airborne endotoxin and heavy metals.

scholarly journals Health risk assessment and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Procambarus clarkii from six provinces of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aijie Mo ◽  
Yangyang Huang ◽  
Zemao Gu ◽  
Chunsheng Liu ◽  
Jianghua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Abstract Contamination with heavy metals in wild red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) from 7 different geographical areas in six provinces of China (Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Shandong) was evaluated. Concentrations of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) in the abdominal muscle, gonad, and hepatopancreas were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer (AFS). Except for the Cd content in hepatopancreas, the contents of selected heavy metals in three different tissues were significantly lower than the proposed limits provided by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The maximum accumulations of Cd and Pb were in hepatopancreas, while the maximum accumulation of As was in gonad, and the maximum accumulations of Hg and Cr were in abdominal muscle. The highest contents of Cr, Hg, and Pb were all detected in Dongting Lake, Hunan, which was consistent with the trend of the metal pollution index (MPI). Risk value of the target hazard quotient (THQ) was below 1.0, suggesting that the intake of selected heavy metals through crayfish consumption would not pose a significant health risk to consumers.

scholarly journals Health risk assessment and heavy metal bioaccumulation in vegetables irrigated with waste water in Kano State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10890
Author(s):  
M. A. HABU ◽  
Usman BAWA ◽  
Saheed I. MUSA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels

Intake of vegetables grown in heavy metals contaminated soils is one of the most common food chain routes for exposure of human. For this purpose, this research aimed at evaluating the concentration of heavy metals (cadmium-Cd, lead-Pb and zinc-Zn) in vegetables such as spinach (S), lettuce (L), and onion (O), irrigated with two different wastewater sources in Kano State Nigeria. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric analysis (AAS) was used in this research to determine the metal levels. Zn (0.17-0.12 mg/l) was detected in the wastewater, as well as in the irrigated soil (8.36-33.64 mg/kg), while Cd and Pb were not detected in both the wastewater and irrigated soils. Furthermore, between (1.50-27.05 mg/kg) of Zn was detected in the assayed vegetables (S, L and O). However, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) between the Zn content of the two wastewater sites.  Lactuca sativa was observed to have the highest Zn concentration (27.5 mg/kg) in site A, while Spinacia oleracea had the lowest Zn concentration (1.5 mg/kg). Zn levels in all the samples analysed in this study were below the permissible limit of 100 mg/kg in vegetables, 50 mg/kg in soil and 5mg/l in wastewater set by FAO/WHO. However, Pb and Cd were not detected in all the samples. Bioaccumulation factor was found ranging from 0.32-41.17 mg/kg and the pollution index ranged from (0.46-1.80 µg g-1). This indicated potential health risk from Zn in people who are consuming these vegetables for long period of time due to biomagnification. This research suggested that frequent test should be carried out to monitor the accumulation and, farmers should be sensitized on the importance of treating irrigation water before agricultural usage.

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