scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of the Ag, Cu Nanoparticle System

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Xinzhen Fan ◽  
L’Hocine Yahia ◽  
Edward Sacher
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Postoperative Infections ◽  
Nanoparticle System ◽  
Contact Killing ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Microbes, including bacteria and fungi, easily form stable biofilms on many surfaces. Such biofilms have high resistance to antibiotics, and cause nosocomial and postoperative infections. The antimicrobial and antiviral behaviors of Ag and Cu nanoparticles (NPs) are well known, and possible mechanisms for their actions, such as released ions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), contact killing, the immunostimulatory effect, and others have been proposed. Ag and Cu NPs, and their derivative NPs, have different antimicrobial capacities and cytotoxicities. Factors, such as size, shape and surface treatment, influence their antimicrobial activities. The biomedical application of antimicrobial Ag and Cu NPs involves coating onto substrates, including textiles, polymers, ceramics, and metals. Because Ag and Cu are immiscible, synthetic AgCu nanoalloys have different microstructures, which impact their antimicrobial effects. When mixed, the combination of Ag and Cu NPs act synergistically, offering substantially enhanced antimicrobial behavior. However, when alloyed in Ag–Cu NPs, the antimicrobial behavior is even more enhanced. The reason for this enhancement is unclear. Here, we discuss these results and the possible behavior mechanisms that underlie them.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities in Pistacia atlantica—Aphids Make a Difference!

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yoram Gerchman
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Plants have been explored and used as sources for antimicrobial extract and compounds for many years, but galls—specialized structures forms on such by diversity of organisms—have been explored much less. Aphid galls host many insects in closed, humid and sugar rich environments for long periods. We have tested the antimicrobial properties of Slavum wertheimae aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica. Secondary metabolites were extracted from leaves and galls with organic solvents, and essential oils with Clevenger, and tested by disk diffusion assay and volatile effect on bacteria and fungi, respectively. The results demonstrated that gall extracts/essential oils had much stronger activity against the diversity of bacteria and fungi. The large diversity of galls suggest they could be explored as source for novel compounds.

Isolation and Characterization of Soil Myxobacteria from Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Nabin Rana ◽  
Saraswoti Khadka ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Marasini ◽  
Bishnu Joshi ◽  
Pramod Poudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Antimicrobial Metabolites

 Realizing myxobacteria as a potential source of antimicrobial metabolites, we pursued research to isolate myxobacteria showing antimicrobial properties. We have successfully isolated three strains (NR-1, NR-2, NR-3) using the Escherichia coli baiting technique. These isolates showed typical myxobacterial growth characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the strains (NR-1, NR-2, NR-3) belong to the family Archangiaceae, suborder Cystobacterineae, and order Myxococcales. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity searched through BLAST revealed that strain NR-1 showed the closest similarity (91.8 %) to the type strain Vitiosangium cumulatum (NR-156939), NR-2 showed (98.8 %) to the type of Cystobacter badius (NR-043940), and NR-3 showed the closest similarity (83.5 %) to the type of strain Cystobacter fuscus (KP-306730). All isolates showed better growth in 0.5-1 % NaCl and pH around 7.0, whereas no growth was observed at pH 9.0 and below 5.0. All strains showed better growth at 32° C and hydrolyzed starch, whereas casein was efficiently hydrolyzed by NR-1 and NR-2. Besides, preliminary antimicrobial tests from crude extracts showed activities against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Our findings suggest that the arcane soil habitats of Nepal harbor myxobacteria with the capability to produce diverse antimicrobial activities that may be explored to overcome the rapidly rising global concern about antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals ALECRIM ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.): PROPRIEDADES ANTIMICROBIANA E QUÍMICA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE PORTE ◽  
RONOEL LUIZ DE OLIVEIRA GODOY
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds ◽  
Rosemary Oil ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Apresenta breve revisão bibliográfica sobre a composição química e as propriedades antimicrobianas do óleo essencial de alecrim. Enfoca aspectos gerais, usos, atividade contra bactérias e fungos em alimentos e as principais substâncias do óleo de alecrim oriundo de diferentes países. Conclui que os compostos oxigenados são os responsáveis pelas atividades fisiológica e antimicrobiana, mas há discordância sobre os compostos majoritários, ora hidrocarbonetos ora oxigenados. ROSEMARY (Rosmarinus officinalis L.): ESSENTIAL OIL ANTIMICROBIAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Abstract This article presents a brief review on the chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of the rosemary essential oil. It focuses general features, uses, antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi in foods and the major compounds of the rosemary oil from different countries. Concludes that physiologic and antimicrobial activities are due to oxygenated compounds, but there is discordance about the major components if hydrocarbon or oxygenated monoterpenes.

Antimicrobial Properties of Levofloxacin Antibiotic Complexes of Zirconium(IV) and Indium(III)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124
Author(s):  
Maha Abdallah Alnuwaiser
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Molar Conductance ◽  
Bidentate Ligand ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

In this article, there are two new levofloxacin (HLevo) complexes were synthesized and spectroscopically discussed. These complexes were prepared in alkaline state (pH = 8) with the 1:1 stoichiometry between zirconyl(II) or indium(III) chloride and pure HLevo antibiotic drug ligand in mixed solvent equal volumes from methanol and bi-distilled water. The structures interpretation were performed based on the micro analytical (elemental analyses), molar conductance and spectroscopic measurements. It is shown that the deprotonated HLevochelate was coordinated towards ZrIV and InIII metal ions, this occurs as a bidentate ligand through the oxygen atoms of carboxylate and carbonyl group, respectively. Accordingly, these complexes can be speculated as [ZrO(Lev)(Cl)(H2O)] · H2O (1) and [In(Lev)(Cl)2(H2O)2] (2). Through Tranmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging it is demonstrated that the nanoscale particles have a homogeneous distribution across the complex surface. Furthermore, by assessing in vitro antimicrobial activities, the inhibition activity of HLevo drug ligand as well as the associated metal ion complexes were evaluated towards specific types of bacteria and fungi.

scholarly journals Polyphenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Vernonia mespilifolia Less. Used in Folk Medicine in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1877399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Oshiomame Unuofin ◽  
Gloria Aderonke Otunola ◽  
Anthony Jide Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Vernonia mespilifolia Less. is a shrub of the Asteraceae family used in the South African traditional medicine system for the management of weight loss, hypertension, and heartwater disease. There is a need for scientific evaluation to validate its ethnomedicinal usage. In vitro assays were conducted to evaluate the polyphenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of different solvent extracts (acetone, aqueous, and ethanol) of the whole plant of Vernonia mespilifolia spectrophotometric and agar dilution techniques, respectively. The result revealed varying amounts of polyphenolics in the different solvent extracts corresponding to the antioxidant activities. Also, only the acetone and ethanol extracts inhibited the growth of the selected bacteria and fungi. These findings reveal that the extracts have strong bioactive compounds and hence support its ethnomedicinal application.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation ability and stability of small copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs)

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (80) ◽  
pp. 76980-76988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anda Šulce ◽  
Felix Bulke ◽  
Marco Schowalter ◽  
Andreas Rosenauer ◽  
Ralf Dringen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Ros Formation

In the presence of H2O2, Cu nanoparticles degrade to Cu cations which generate highly reactive ROS.

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