LncRNAs: Novel Biomarkers for Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly neoplasms and the seventh major cause of cancer-related deaths among both males and females. This cancer has a poor prognosis due to the lack of appropriate methods for early detection of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently found to influence the progression and initiation of pancreatic cancer. MACC1-AS1, LINC00976, LINC00462, LINC01559, HOXA-AS2, LINC00152, TP73-AS1, XIST, SNHG12, LUCAT1, and UCA1 are among the oncogenic lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer. On the other hand, LINC01111, LINC01963, DGCR5, MEG3, GAS5, and LINC00261 are among tumor suppressor lncRNAs in this tissue. In the current review, we summarize the roles of these two classes of lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer and discuss their potential as attractive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. We also identified that the low expression of MEG3, LINC01963, and LINC00261 and the high expression of MACC1-AS1, LINC00462, LINC01559, and UCA1 were significantly correlated with worse survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Further research on these lncRNAs will provide new clues that could potentially improve the early diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and personalized treatments of patients with pancreatic cancer.

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Aberrant MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Researches and Clinical Implications

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2014/386561 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Tao Sun ◽

Xiangyu Kong ◽

Yiqi Du ◽

Zhaoshen Li

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Vital Role ◽

High Rate ◽

Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Circulating Mirnas ◽

Current Review ◽

Wide Range

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with a high rate of mortality and poor prognosis. Numerous studies have proved that microRNA (miRNA) may play a vital role in a wide range of malignancies, including PDAC, and dysregulated miRNAs, including circulating miRNAs, are associated with PDAC proliferation, invasion, chemosensitivity, and radiosensitivity, as well as prognosis. Greater understanding of the roles of miRNAs in PDAC could provide insights into this disease and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. The current review focuses on recent advances with respect to the roles of miRNAs in PDAC and their practical value.

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Low hENT1 expression indicates poor prognosis in gemcitabine-treated pancreatic cancer patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19930/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jianchun Xiao ◽

Fangyu Zhao ◽

WenHao LUO ◽

Gang Yang ◽

Yicheng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Treated Group ◽

Expression Level ◽

Free Survival ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Disease Free ◽

Low Expression

Abstract Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is still a lethal disease and has a poor prognosis, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is now the standard regimen in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine resistance is an important obstacle for effective treatment of patients and improvement in patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Methods We collected the surgical pathological tissue of pancreatic cancer patients who received radical surgery in our hospital from September 2004 to December 2014 continuously. 375 pancreatic cancer tissues and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues were employed for the construction of 4 tissue microarrays (TMAs). The quality of 4 TMAs was reexamined by HE staining. We did immunohistochemistry analysis to test hENT1 expression. The hENT1 antibody was used to measure hENT1 expression in TMAs by IHC staining according to standard protocols. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0. The clinical end points of patients were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and differences compared by log-rank test. Cox regression (proportional hazards model) was applied to determine the prognostic values of multivariate factors on patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Results The hENT1 protein expression in tumor tissues was much lower than in normal tissues (80.5±8.8 versus 89.5±8.9, p=0.005). A low hENT1 expression level indicated a significant poor outcome of PC patients, including shortened DFS(21.6±2.8 months versus 36.9±4.0 months, p<0.001) and OS(33.6±3.9 versus 39.6±3.9, p=0.004). A high hENT1 expression level was related to longer DFS (35.7±4.0 versus 20.6±2.7; p<0.0001). Similarly, patients with high hENT1 expression in gemcitabine-treated group showed longer overall survival OS compared with low expression group (39.4±4.0 versus 31.5±3.9, p=0.001). In contrast, no significant difference of DFS and OS was found in non-gemcitabine treated group between the expression level of hENT1 and the prognosis of patients (p=0.413 and p=0.152). A low hENT1 expression level in tumor tissues was an independent risk factor for PC recurrence or metastasis(HR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.39-0.72; p<0.001). In addition, a low expression level of hENT1 (HR 0.60; 95%CI: 0.43-0.82; p=0.001) was independent risk factors for overall survival of PC. Low hENT1 expression level predicted worse OS (HR 0.60; 95%CI: 0.43-0.82; p=0.002) and DFS (HR 0.56; 95%CI: 0.41-0.77; p<0.001) . Conclusion hENT1 was low expressed in tumor tissues and this decreased expression level indicated a worse outcome (including shortened OS and DFS) in patients who received gemcitabine treatment postoperatively.

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Prognostic Value of Long Non-Coding RNA Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA 1586 in Pancreatic Cancer

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 380-385

Author(s):

Pengju Yue ◽

Jing Bao

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Long Non Coding Rna ◽

Low Expression ◽

Related Survival

This study investigated the prognostic value of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01586 in pancreatic cancer. Three pancreatic cancer patients who received pancreaticoduodenectomies in our department in January 2019 were retrospectively selected. Cancer tissue and adjacent tissue samples were collected for high-throughput sequencing of lncRNAs. Among them, 221 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 235 were down-regulated. The expression of LINC01586 was decreased in pancreatic cancer patients (logFC = -3.308). An additional 74 tissue specimens were collected from pancreatic cancer patients from January 2011 to December 2016 for low-throughput validation. Patient samples were categorized into overexpression and low expression groups, based on the median LINC01586 expression level. The LINC01586 low expression group exhibited larger tumor size than the overexpression group (P < 0.001), while the low expression group exhibited a lower cancer-related survival rate than the overexpression group (one-year cancer-related survival rate: 55.6% vs. 89.2%, P < 0.001). Further analysis confirmed that low expression of LINC01586 was associated with poor prognosis for pancreatic cancer patients (OR = 0.169, 95% CI 0.066-0.437, P = 0.000). KEGG signaling pathway analysis was used to enrich LINC01586 target genes, and were mainly related to two metabolic pathways: insulin secretion (P = 0.011) and dopaminergic synapses (P = 0.0129), with SNAP25 as the core gene. The expression of LINC01586 and SNAP25were positively correlated in pancreatic cancer (R = 0.81 and P < 0.001). Together, our results indicate that LINC01586 may be used as a biomarker for prognosis predictions in pancreatic cancer patients, and its low expression is associated with poor prognosis.

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Noncoding Rnas Emerging as Novel Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666190119125804 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (39) ◽

pp. 4601-4604 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ingrid Garajová ◽

Rita Balsano ◽

Chiara Tommasi ◽

Elisa Giovannetti

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Noncoding Rna ◽

Noncoding Rnas ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Chemotherapy Response ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Metastatic Behavior ◽

Novel Biomarkers ◽

Non Coding Rnas

Noncoding RNAs play important regulatory roles in diverse biological processes and their misregulation might lead to different diseases, including cancer. Previous studies have reported the evolving role of miRNAs as new potential biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, as well as predictive biomarkers of chemotherapy response or therapeutic targets. In this review, we outline the involvement of noncoding RNA in pancreatic cancer, providing an overview of known miRNAs in its diagnosis, prognosis and chemoresistance. In addition, we discuss the influence of non-coding RNAs in the metastatic behavior of pancreatic cancer, as well as the role of diet in epigenetic regulation of non-coding RNAs in cancer, which can, in turn, lead the development of new prevention’s techniques or novel targets for cancer therapy.

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PET/CT IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC CANCER: LITERATURE REVIEW

Medical Visualization ◽

10.24835/1607-0763-2018-1-57-67 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 57-67

Author(s):

P. E. Tulin ◽

M. B. Dolgushin ◽

D. I. Nevzorov ◽

P. V. Kochergin ◽

Yu. I. Patyutko

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Literature Review ◽

Pancreatic Neoplasms ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Modern Imaging ◽

Pet Ct

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis, often because most pancreatic neoplasms are found to be unresectable at diagnosis. Early staging of the tumor process can change the tactics of treatment and affect the survival of patients. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of pancreatic cancer and the role of modern imaging in its diagnosis with an emphasis on PET/CT with a various radiopharmaceuticals.

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Lethal mutations in Euphydryas aurinea beckeri (Lederer, 1853) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from Sierra Blanca, Malaga, Spain

Entomologist s Gazette ◽

10.31184/g00138894.704.1690 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 211-216

Author(s):

Jim Pateman ◽

Peter Russell

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Lethal Mutations ◽

Males And Females ◽

Normal Males

Two Euphydryas aurinea beckeri females from Sierra Blanca, Malaga, Spain were captured and returned to the U.K.; each laid a single egg batch on Succisa pratensis. Both batches hatched and the resulting larvae were reared through to adulthood. One group of larvae produced butterflies with three different mutations: pupae with spines, legs lacking distal tarsals and claws, and with appendages attached to the genitalia which protruded though the rear of the abdomens in both males and females. The other group of larvae produced normal males and females.

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Posterior approach for cervical intramedullary arteriovenous malformation with diffuse-type nidus

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/spi.1999.91.1.0105 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 105-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kenji Ohata ◽

Toshihiro Takami ◽

Alaa El-Naggar ◽

Michiharu Morino ◽

Akimasa Nishio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Posterior Approach ◽

The Other ◽

Anterior Spinal Artery ◽

Neural Element ◽

Feeding Artery ◽

Diffuse Type ◽

Content Type ◽

Fine Print

✓ The treatment of spinal intramedullary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with a diffuse-type nidus that contains a neural element poses different challenges compared with a glomus-type nidus. The surgical elimination of such lesions involves the risk of spinal cord ischemia that results from coagulation of the feeding artery that, at the same time, supplies cord parenchyma. However, based on evaluation of the risks involved in performing embolization, together with the frequent occurrence of reperfusion, which necessitates frequent reembolization, the authors consider surgery to be a one-stage solution to a disease that otherwise has a very poor prognosis. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed diffuse-type intramedullary AVMs in the cervical spinal cords of three patients who subsequently underwent surgery via the posterior approach. The AVM was supplied by the anterior spinal artery in one case and by both the anterior and posterior spinal arteries in the other two cases. In all three cases, a posterior median myelotomy was performed up to the vicinity of the anterior median fissure that divided the spinal cord together with the nidus, and the feeding artery was coagulated and severed at its origin from the anterior spinal artery. In the two cases in which the posterior spinal artery fed the AVM, the feeding artery was coagulated on the dorsal surface of the spinal cord. Neurological outcome improved in one patient and deteriorated slightly to mildly in the other two patients. Postoperative angiography demonstrated complete disappearance of the AVM in all cases. Because of the extremely poor prognosis of patients with spinal intramedullary AVMs, this surgical technique for the treatment of diffuse-type AVMs provides acceptable operative outcome. Surgical intervention should be considered when managing a patient with a diffuse-type intramedullary AVM in the cervical spinal cord.

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miR-224 is an early-stage biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma with miR-224 and miR-125b as prognostic biomarkers

Biomarkers in Medicine ◽

10.2217/bmm-2020-0099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 1485-1500

Author(s):

Lichao Yang ◽

Chunmeng Wei ◽

Yasi Li ◽

Xiao He ◽

Min He

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Survival Analysis ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Early Stage ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Benign Lesion ◽

Diagnostic Efficiency ◽

Low Expression

Aim: The aim was to systematically investigate the miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials & methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNA expression in HCC were performed. Results: A total of 4903 cases from 30 original studies were comprehensively analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-224 in discriminating early-stage HCC patients from benign lesion patients were 0.868 and 0.792, which were superior to α-fetoprotein. Combined miR-224 with α-fetoprotein, the sensitivity and specificity were increased to 0.882 and 0.808. Prognostic survival analysis showed low expression of miR-125b and high expression of miR-224 were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: miR-224 had a prominent diagnostic efficiency in early-stage HCC, with miR-224 and miR-125b being valuable in the prognostic diagnosis.

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