scholarly journals miRNAs and lncRNAs: Potential Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Endometriosis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Ioana Maria Maier ◽  
Adrian Cornel Maier
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Minimally Invasive Methods ◽  
Exploratory Laparoscopy

Many studies have tried to understand the mechanism of endometriosis and its manner of manifestation. However, the only method of diagnosis considered as the gold standard in endometriosis is an invasive method called exploratory laparoscopy. Hence, there is a need to identify non-invasive or minimally invasive methods to minimize patients’ suffering, thus increasing their addressability at the earliest possible staging of the disease, and to diagnose this condition as soon as possible. miRNAs (microRNAs) and lncRNAs (long-noncoding RNAs) are potential non-invasive diagnostic methods for endometriosis. Multiple clinical trials indicate that miRNA can be used as a non-invasive method in the diagnosis and differentiation of endometriosis stages.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC TACTICS FOR TRAUMATIC INJURIES OF THE SPLEEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
M. M. Belous
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Minimally Invasive Methods

Summary. Purpose. Having based on the determination of the degree of effectiveness and information content of the diagnostic methods for traumatic injuries of the spleen, to analyze the results of the instrumental diagnostic methods to create an algorithm for diagnostic and treatment tactics. Materials and methods: 355 victims were hospitalized with traumatic injuries of the spleen. Of these, physical and laboratory diagnostic methods were used in 100 % of cases, laparoscopy — 245 patients (69 %), laparocentesis — 21 (6 %), laparotomy —- 75 (21 %), ultrasound — 199 (56 %), x-ray — 67 (19 %), CT — 7 (2 %). Research results and discussion.The most informative diagnostic method is laparotomy. Of minimally invasive methods — laparoscopy, and of non-invasive methods — ultrasound. Conclusions. For successful recognition of spleen damage, it is necessary to use complex examination methods, depending on the indication developed for them, that significantly reduces the duration of the diagnostic phase.

scholarly journals Ultrasound - first imaging modality in the detection of parathyroid adenomas

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ahmed ◽  
N Khan ◽  
S Ellemdin ◽  
K Gayaparsad
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Parathyroid Adenomas ◽  
Thyroid Adenomas ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Ultrasound Features

Abstract We present a series of 12 patients in whom the typical ultrasound features of parathyroid adenomas were accurately demonstrated. High resolution ultrasound [in experienced hands] is a highly sensitive accurate, safe and non invasive method of localizing parathyroid adenomas especially in patients with typically located glands and an absence of thyroid pathology. Our aim was to compare ultrasound with nuclear medicine as an imaging gold standard in patients with thyroid adenomas.

scholarly journals Diagnostic methods for extra-temporal neocortical focal epilepsies: present and future

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo André Amorim Leite ◽  
Maria Concépcion Garcia Otaduy ◽  
Gilson Edmar Gonçalves e Silva ◽  
Maria Lúcia Brito Ferreira ◽  
Maria de Fátima Vasco Aragão
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Proton Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Surgical Evaluation ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Video Eeg

The progress of epilepsies diagnosis has been great, but, amongst the diagnostic detailing that demand research, one of the most important is the essential lateralization and localization of epileptogenic zone, considered as the cerebral cortex region, that removed, will result in a free state of seizures. The present study aims to analyze the possible uses of proton spectroscopy for clinical and pre-surgical evaluation of focal extratemporal epilepsies, since this group presents the highest difficulty degree for lateralizing and locating epileptogenic zones. In almost all cases, a non invasive diagnosis can be performed using routine electroencephalography, video-electroencephalography - considered as gold standard, and magnetic resonance imaging. However, when the results of these exams are contradictory, some patients need invasive techniques, as the intra-cranial video-EEG, using deep electrodes, sub-dural strip and grid, that are associated with increased diagnostic cost and risk of complications, as cerebral hemorrhages and intra-cranial infections. Proton spectroscopy appears as a possibility, given its capacity to evaluate cerebral metabolism, by N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cre) and choline (Cho) concentrations, amongst other metabolites. This non invasive method may provide time reduction of this evaluation and reliable level improvement for this topographical diagnosis.

An evaluation of the usefulness of invasive and non-invasive methods used to diagnose Helicobacter spp. infections in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jankowski ◽  
J. Spużak ◽  
K. Kubiak ◽  
K. Glińska-Suchocka ◽  
M. Biernat
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Pcr Method

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the suitability of invasive and non-invasive methods used to diagnose Helicobacter spp. in the stomachs of dogs. The study was carried out on 30 dogs of both sexes and different breeds, between one and 15 years old. A histopathologic examination, a microbiological culture, a rapid urease test, a direct bacteriological preparation and a nested PCR assay were carried out. Gastric Helicobacter spp. was identified in gastric biopsy specimens from 16 (53.3%) dogs using direct bacteriological preparation, in four (13.3%) dogs based on a culture, in 23 (76.6%) dogs using the rapid urease test and in 21 (70,0%) dogs based on a histopathological assessment of the biopsy specimens. The nested PCR of the gastric biopsy specimens revealed gastric Helicobacter spp. in all the dogs (100%). A saliva PCR assay revealed gastric Helicobacter spp. in 23 (76.6%) dogs, while stool PCR revealed the bacterium in seven (23.3%) dogs. We found that invasive methods were more accurate than non-invasive methods in detecting a Helicobacter spp. infection in dogs. In addition, the nested PCR method used to evaluate the gastric mucosal biopsy specimens was the most accurate test for detecting Helicobacter spp. It was further found that the PCR-based saliva assay was the best non-invasive method for detecting Helicobacter spp. However, taking into consideration that most of the diagnostic methods used to detect this bacterium have drawbacks, at least two diagnostic methods should be used to detect Helicobacter spp. as is done in human medicine.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment Techniques of Liver Fibrosis Non-invasive Diagnostic Methods in an Approach without a “Gold” Standard: Saying Goodbye to Liver Biopsy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Galushko ◽  
A. Yu. Ishchenko ◽  
S. A. Pozdniakov ◽  
I. G. Bakulin
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Latent Variable Analysis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Fibrosis Staging

Aims: 1. To evaluate the applicability of The Expert Assessment (EA) based on the algorithm developed by the authors in performance assessment of transient elastography by M-probe (TE-M) and XL-probe (TE-XL), Fibrotest® (FT), shear wave elastography (SWE) and liver biopsy (LB) in fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients in an approach without a «gold» standard; 2. To evaluate the quality of the proposed model (EA efficacy) in comparison with the results of the Rasch Model (MR) being an extension of the Latent Variable Analysis.Material and methods. Using the five studied diagnostic methods liver fibrosis staging was performed in chronic hepatitis C patients. Based on the algorithm developed EA was applied to each patient of the cohort and as a result fibrosis stage was established. That fibrosis stage considered a virtual reference. Sensitivity and specificity estimation as well as AUC calculation for studied methods was performed against the reference standard. The quality of the model (EA efficacy) estimated in the Rasch Model (MR) being an extension of the Latent Variable Analysis.Results. 99 patients with reliable results of each of the five diagnostic methods were included into the study. The main characteristics of the cohort were: 59.6% individuals of male gender, average age of 37 years (21–63), median BMI of 25.8 kg / m2. As per the results of the EA in detecting of mild fibrosis (F1), the values of AUC, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively: 0,972; 94,3; 91,3 for TE-M; 0,964; 90,6; 91,3 for TE-XL; 0,806; 81,1; 73,9 for FT; 0,907; 88,7; 71,7 for SWE; 0,832; 92,5; 37,0 for LB. In detecting of moderate fibrosis (F2), the appropriate values were: 0,981; 93,8; 94,0 for TE-M; 0,967; 90,6; 97,0 for TE-XL; 0,873; 75,0; 80,6 for FT; 0,957; 84,4; 91,0 for SWE; 0,937; 90,6; 94,0 for LB. In detecting of significant fibrosis (F3), the corresponding values were: 0,994; 95,5; 96,1 for TE-M; 0,987; 90,9; 97,4 for TE-XL; 0,870; 63,6; 84,4 for FT; 0,961; 86,4; 97,4 for SWE; 0,990; 90,9; 98,7 for LB. In detecting cirrhosis (F4), the appropriate values were: 0,995; 92,3; 97,7 for TE-M; 0,994; 100,0; 98,8 for TE-XL; 0,874; 38,5; 93,0 for FT; 0,996; 92,3; 100,0 for SWE; 0,964; 69,2; 100,0 for LB. The EA was shown to have high degree of consistency (correlation coefficient = 0,923; p <0,05) when compared to the MR.Conclusion. The EA was shown as a highly informative approach, applicable for performance assessment of the diagnostic methods for liver fibrosis staging without using LB as the “gold” standard. Non-invasive methods have demonstrated higher diagnostic characteristics with changing the standard from the traditional (LB) to virtual (EA). The high degree of consistency of the results of EA and MR confirm the high quality of the algorithm developed by the authors.

Chemical Ablation of the Tissue in ENT Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-289
Author(s):  
Catalina Pietrosanu ◽  
Viorel Zainea ◽  
Irina Ionita ◽  
Cristian Dragos Stefanescu ◽  
Mura Hainarosie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tissue Ablation ◽  
Ent Surgery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Functional Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive Methods

Various interventions require tissue ablation in ENT surgery. This can be achieved using a multitude of methods, but the tendency today is to use minimally invasive methods. The development of new technologies has allowed us to consider the use of coblation for tissue ablation, which is based on a chemical reaction, instead of a thermal or mechanical ablation. The technology proved to be extremely used in the field of ENT. Its indications range from functional surgery to benign or even malignant tumors and it can be used in the nose, pharynx and larynx, with probes of different length and angulation. This minimally invasive method of tissue ablation associates less scaring, a faster recovery and a lower postoperative discomfort. Although the time required for the intervention may be somewhat longer, the overall results are superior to the classical methods, considering it provides instant hemosthasis as well. We consider it to be a reliable method, fit for a wide range of indications.

scholarly journals THE SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH IN DIAGNOSTICS AND SURGICAL CORRECTION OF THE FUNNEL-SHAPED DEFORMATION OF THE CHEST IN CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
V. V. Gatsutsyn ◽  
A. E. Nalivkin ◽  
V. A. Kuzmichev ◽  
Aleksandr E. Mashkov ◽  
D. A. Pykhteev
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Minimally Invasive Methods ◽  
Preoperative Examination

Funnel-shaped deformation of the chest (pectus excavalus) is a congenital pathology of the anterior thoracic wall, manifested by the retraction of the sternum and sternocostal cartilages in various forms and degrees. There are many options for correcting this deformation, which can be conditionally divided into open and minimally invasive methods. In the leading clinics for this pathology, there is recently used the most minimally invasive method of correction by Nass. Unfortunately, for today there is no the only as an algorithm for preoperative examination of patients with this pathology, as well as the decision on the choice of surgical correction method.

scholarly journals Comparison of Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy and Natural Sleep Endoscopy in the Assessment of Upper Airway Pathophysiology During Sleep: Protocol and Study Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlien Van den Bossche ◽  
Eli Van de Perck ◽  
Andrew Wellman ◽  
Elahe Kazemeini ◽  
Marc Willemen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Sleep Endoscopy ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Natural Sleep ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy ◽  
Airway Collapse ◽  
Upper Airway Collapse

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a complex and heterogenous disorder. As a result, a “one-size-fits-all” management approach should be avoided. Therefore, evaluation of pathophysiological endotyping in OSA patients is emphasized, with upper airway collapse during sleep as one of the main features. To assess the site(s) and pattern(s) of upper airway collapse, natural sleep endoscopy (NSE) is defined as the gold standard. As NSE is labor-intensive and time-consuming, it is not feasible in routine practice. Instead, drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is the most frequently used technique and can be considered as the clinical standard. Flow shape and snoring analysis are non-invasive measurement techniques, yet are still evolving. Although DISE is used as the clinical alternative to assess upper airway collapse, associations between DISE and NSE observations, and associated flow and snoring signals, have not been quantified satisfactorily. In the current project we aim to compare upper airway collapse identified in patients with OSA using endoscopic techniques as well as flow shape analysis and analysis of tracheal snoring sounds between natural and drug-induced sleep.Methods: This study is a blinded prospective comparative multicenter cohort study. The study population will consist of adult patients with a recent diagnosis of OSA. Eligible patients will undergo a polysomnography (PSG) with NSE overnight and a DISE within 3 months. During DISE the upper airway is assessed under sedation by an experienced ear, nose, throat (ENT) surgeon using a flexible fiberoptic endoscope in the operating theater. In contrast to DISE, NSE is performed during natural sleep using a pediatric bronchoscope. During research DISE and NSE, the standard set-up is expanded with additional PSG measurements, including gold standard flow and analysis of tracheal snoring sounds.Conclusions: This project will be one of the first studies to formally compare collapse patterns during natural and drug-induced sleep. Moreover, this will be, to the authors' best knowledge, the first comparative research in airflow shape and tracheal snoring sounds analysis between DISE and NSE. These novel and non-invasive diagnostic methods studying upper airway mechanics during sleep will be simultaneously validated against DISE and NSE.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04729478.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pathogenesis and Potential Implications as Clinical Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Zhigang Bian
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Potential Applicability

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are progressive and ultimately fatal. NDD onset is influenced by several factors including heredity and environmental cues. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA molecules with: (i) lengths greater than 200 nucleotides, (ii) diverse biological functions, and (iii) highly conserved structures. They directly interact with molecules such as proteins and microRNAs and subsequently regulate the expression of their targets at the genetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. Emerging studies indicate the important roles of lncRNAs in the progression of neurological diseases including NDDs. Additionally, improvements in detection technologies have enabled quantitative lncRNA detection and application to circulating fluids in clinical settings. Here, we review current research on lncRNAs in animal models and patients with NDDs. We also discuss the potential applicability of circulating lncRNAs as biomarkers in NDD diagnostics and prognostics. In the future, a better understanding of the roles of lncRNAs in NDDs will be essential to exploit these new therapeutic targets and improve noninvasive diagnostic methods for diseases.

LUNG CANCER DIAGNOSIS: NON-INVASIVE AND INVASIVE METHODS

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Andrey Arsenev ◽  
Sergey Novikov ◽  
Aleksey Barchuk ◽  
Sergey Kanaev ◽  
Anton Barchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

This article reviews the literature and summarizes single institution experience of applying different diagnostic algorithms for lung cancer. All diagnostic methods can be divided into three groups: non-invasive; minimally invasive and invasive. The non-invasive methods include clinical examination; imaging methods for anatomical, functional and multimodal visualization; sputum cytological, analysis of the exhaled breath, detection of various blood and sputum markers. Minimally invasive methods include endoscopy, percutaneous fine-needle and core-needle biopsy. Invasive methods include diagnostic thoracoscopy and laparoscopy, mediastinoscopy, parasternal mediastinotomy and diagnostic thoracotomy. While creating an individual diagnostic plan for each patient it is necessary to carefully analyze the effectiveness, safety, sensitivity, specificity and of different methods available among wide range of modern diagnostic techniques. Optimization of lung cancer diagnosis methods, which includes early cancer detection, is one of priority areas of modern oncology. Many aspects of this problem remain unresolved and require further research

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