scholarly journals Glycans as Potential Diagnostic Markers of Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1480
Author(s):  
Mårten Kvist ◽  
Lasse Välimaa ◽  
Adrian Harel ◽  
Jussi P. Posti ◽  
Melissa Rahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Missed Diagnoses

The diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is challenging in the acute setting because the symptoms are nonspecific and often transient, or they develop with a delay. In these cases, the criteria for acute head imaging are frequently not fulfilled. This may lead to missed diagnoses in emergency care. There is a need for developing a rapid diagnostic test to verify the presence of TBI using body fluids. Blood, urine, and saliva samples from 11 adult patients (mean age 64 years, SD 24 years) with acute and clinically diagnosed TBI, and 12 healthy volunteers were collected at Turku University Hospital during a period of 5 months. The injuries necessitated hospitalization for at least one day. The TBIs were classified mild in nine cases and severe in two cases. The mean period between the trauma and the time for obtaining the samples was 27 h, SD 11 h. The samples were analyzed in an ISO-certified laboratory for the number of lectin-bound glycan molecules indicating destruction of nerve tissue. The screening was performed on several possible glycans for binding, and the measurement by degree of fluorescence. In the analysis, the group of patients with TBI was compared with healthy volunteers. The results showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon rank–sum two-sided test) in the level of two glycans in plasma, but no significant increase for any glycan; in saliva, one glycan showed a significant increase in the TBI group; in urine, three glycans were significantly different between the groups (one showed an increase, whereas two showed a decrease). The results support the idea of conducting more research on how diagnostic glycans could be detected in body fluids after TBI. As a proof-of-concept, significant changes in the concentration of five glycans were found in plasma, saliva, and urine between TBI patients and healthy controls. This may enable the development of a rapid body fluid-based point-of-care test to identify patients with TBI after a head injury.

Impact of routine S100B protein assay on CT scan use in children with mild traumatic brain injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur Lorton ◽  
Jeanne Simon-Pimmel ◽  
Damien Masson ◽  
Elise Launay ◽  
Christèle Gras-Le Guen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
S100b Protein ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Protein Assay ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of implementing a modified Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rule including the S100B protein assay for managing mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children.MethodsA before-and-after study was conducted in a paediatric emergency department of a French University Hospital from 2013 to 2015. We retrospectively included all consecutive children aged 4 months to 15 years who presented mTBI and were at intermediate risk for clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI). We compared the proportions of CT scans performed and of in-hospital observations before (2013–2014) and after (2014–2015) implementation of a modified PECARN rule including the S100B protein assay.ResultsWe included 1,062 children with mTBI (median age 4.5 years, sex ratio [F/M] 0.73) who were at intermediate risk for ciTBI: 494 (46.5%) during 2013–2014 and 568 (53.5%) during 2014–2015. During 2014–2015, S100B protein was measured in 451 (79.4%) children within 6 h after mTBI. The proportion of CT scans and in-hospital observations significantly decreased between the two periods, from 14.4 to 9.5% (p=0.02) and 73.9–40.5% (p<0.01), respectively. The number of CT scans performed to identify a single ciTBI was reduced by two-thirds, from 18 to 6 CT scans, between 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. All children with ciTBI were identified by the rules.ConclusionsThe implementation of a modified PECARN rule including the S100B protein assay significantly decreased the proportion of CT scans and in-hospital observations for children with mTBI who were at intermediate risk for ciTBI.

Outcomes of emergency neurosurgical intervention in neuro-critical care patients with traumatic brain injury at Cork University Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Amoo ◽  
Philip J. O’Halloran ◽  
Anne-Marie Leo ◽  
Aoife O’Loughlin ◽  
Padraig Mahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Critical Care Patients ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

Risk Factors Associated With Pressure Ulcers in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110504
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Yoon ◽  
Ok-Hee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Braden Scale

Pressure injuries (PIs) are one of the most important and frequent complications in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or those with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of PIs in patients with TBI admitted to the ICU. In this retrospective study, the medical records of 237 patients with TBI admitted to the trauma ICU of a university hospital were examined. Demographic, trauma-related, and treatment-related characteristics of all the patients were evaluated from their records. The incidence of PIs was 13.9%, while the main risk factors were a higher injury severity score, use of mechanical ventilation, vasopressor infusion, lower Braden Scale score, fever, and period of enteral feeding. This study advances the nursing practice in the ICU by predicting the development of PIs and their characteristics in patients with TBI.

Incidence of head injury and traumatic brain injury among people with Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarianna Ilmaniemi ◽  
Heidi Taipale ◽  
Antti Tanskanen ◽  
Jari Tiihonen ◽  
Sirpa Hartikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundInjuries caused by falling are a major health concern among older population. For older people, falls are the leading cause of head injuries; especially, persons with cognitive disorders have an increased risk of falling.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of head injury and traumatic brain injury (TBI) among persons with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with persons without AD.MethodsThis register-based study was conducted on a nationwide cohort, which includes all community-dwelling persons diagnosed with AD in Finland in 2005–2011. Persons with previous head injuries were excluded, leaving 67 172 persons with AD. For each person with AD, a matching person without AD and previous head injury were identified with respect to age, sex and university hospital district. The Cox proportional hazard model and competing risk analyses were used to estimate HR for head injury and TBI.ResultsPersons with AD had 1.34-fold (95% CI 1.29 to 1.40) risk of head injuries and 1.49-fold (95% CI 1.40 to 1.59) risk of TBIs after accounting for competing risks of death and full adjustment by socioeconomic status, drug use and comorbidities.ConclusionPersons with AD are more likely to have a head injury or TBI incident than persons without AD.

Quantitative EEG Parameters for Prediction of Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Development Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Tolonen ◽  
Mika O. K. Särkelä ◽  
Riikka S. K. Takala ◽  
Ari Katila ◽  
Janek Frantzén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Outcome Prediction ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Quantitative Eeg ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Continuous Eeg ◽  
Severe Tbi

Monitoring of quantitative EEG (QEEG) parameters in the intensive care unit (ICU) can aid in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients by complementing visual EEG review done by an expert. We performed an explorative study investigating the prognostic value of 59 QEEG parameters in predicting the outcome of patients with severe TBI. Continuous EEG recordings were done on 28 patients with severe TBI in the ICU of Turku University Hospital. We computed a set of QEEG parameters for each patient, and correlated these to patient outcome, measured by dichotomized Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at a follow-up visit between 6 and 12 months, using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) as a nonlinear correlation measure. For 17 of the 59 QEEG parameters (28.8%), the AUC differed significantly from 0.5, most of these parameters measured EEG power or variability. The best QEEG parameters for outcome prediction were alpha power (AUC = 0.87, P < .01) and variability of the relative fast theta power (AUC = 0.84, P < .01). The results of this study indicate that QEEG parameters provide useful information for predicting outcome in severe TBI. Novel QEEG parameters with potential in outcome prediction were found, the prognostic value of these parameters should be confirmed in later studies. The results also provide further evidence of the usefulness of parameters studied in preexisting studies.

Clinical Policy: Neuroimaging and Decisionmaking in Adult Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Acute Setting

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy S. Jagoda ◽  
Jeffrey J. Bazarian ◽  
John J. Bruns ◽  
Stephen V. Cantrill ◽  
Alisa D. Gean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Setting

scholarly journals Translation and cultural adaptation of the Game Dice Task to Brazilian population

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 929-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Rzezak ◽  
Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes ◽  
Sérgio Tufik ◽  
Marco Túlio de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Healthy Volunteer ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Translation And Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Risky Decisions

OBJECTIVE: The Game Dice Task (GDT) was developed to measure decision making under known risk. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the GDT to a Brazilian population. METHOD: After the GDT was translated and back-translated to Brazilian Portuguese and evaluated by eight bilingual judges, 175 Brazilian adults were divided into two groups - 160 healthy volunteers and 15 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients - and had completed the GDT. RESULTS: Differences between genders, but not age, were observed in the healthy volunteer sample. Males more frequently chose a combination of three dice while females preferred four dice. TBI patients were more impulsive than healthy volunteers; they less frequently chose a combination of three dice and made more risky decisions. CONCLUSION: Because of the rigorous process used to translate and adapt the GDT and the differences observed between patients with TBI and healthy volunteers, the Brazilian GDT was considered satisfactory for research purposes.

scholarly journals Point-of-care testing in the acute management of traumatic brain injury: Identifying the coagulopathic patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
NorbertoO Andaluz ◽  
YairM Gozal ◽  
ChristopherP Carroll ◽  
BryanM Krueger ◽  
Jane Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Point Of Care Testing
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