scholarly journals Integrative Analyses of Multilevel Omics Reveal Preneoplastic Breast to Possess a Molecular Landscape That is Globally Shared with Invasive Basal-Like Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlin Ju ◽  
Anjana Bhardwaj ◽  
Matthew Embury ◽  
Harpreet Singh ◽  
Preethi Gunaratne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Mcf10a Cell ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Basal Like Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Landscape

To characterize molecular changes accompanying the stepwise progression to breast cancer and to identify functional target pathways, we performed miRNA and RNA sequencing using MCF10A cell lines based model system that replicates the multi-step progression involving normal, preneoplastic, ductal carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma cells, where the carcinoma most resemble the basal-like subgroup of human breast cancers. These analyses suggest that 70% of miRNA alterations occurred during the initial progression from normal to a preneoplastic stage. Most of these early changes reflected a global upregulation of miRNAs. This was consistent with a global increase in the miRNA-processing enzyme DICER, which was upregulated as a direct result of loss of miRNA let-7b-5p. Several oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways were also found to change early, prior to histologic stigmata of cancer. Our finding that most genomic changes in the progression to basal-like breast cancer occurred in the earliest stages of histologic progression has implications for breast cancer prevention and selection of appropriate control tissues in molecular studies. Furthermore, in support of a functional significance of let-7b-5p loss, we found its low levels to predict poor disease-free survival and overall survival in breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals The molecular landscape of Asian breast cancers reveals clinically relevant population-specific differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Wern Pan ◽  
Muhammad Mamduh Ahmad Zabidi ◽  
Pei-Sze Ng ◽  
Mei-Yee Meng ◽  
Siti Norhidayu Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Tumours ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Molecular Landscape ◽  
Immune Score

AbstractMolecular profiling of breast cancer has enabled the development of more robust molecular prognostic signatures and therapeutic options for breast cancer patients. However, non-Caucasian populations remain understudied. Here, we present the mutational, transcriptional, and copy number profiles of 560 Malaysian breast tumours and a comparative analysis of breast cancers arising in Asian and Caucasian women. Compared to breast tumours in Caucasian women, we show an increased prevalence of HER2-enriched molecular subtypes and higher prevalence of TP53 somatic mutations in ER+ Asian breast tumours. We also observe elevated immune scores in Asian breast tumours, suggesting potential clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Whilst HER2-subtype and enriched immune score are associated with improved survival, presence of TP53 somatic mutations is associated with poorer survival in ER+ tumours. Taken together, these population differences unveil opportunities to improve the understanding of this disease and lay the foundation for precision medicine in different populations.

scholarly journals Microvessel Density and Mammaglobin A Expression as Prognostic Markers in Molecular Types of Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2671-2676
Author(s):  
Adriana Andreea Jitariu ◽  
Amalia Raluca Ceausu ◽  
Adriana Meche ◽  
Cristian Nica ◽  
Amelia Burlea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Mean Values

Increased microvessel density (MVD) values in breast cancer correlate with tumor growth and progression while mammaglobin (MGB) expression in tumor cells is associated with a favorable prognosis. We aim to evaluate and correlate MVD values with MGB expression in molecular types of breast cancer specimens and to determine their utility as prognostic biological markers. A number of 52 breast cancer specimens were included in the study. Specimens were processed for routine histopathological diagnosis followed by the molecular classification by means of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and HER2 immunohistochemical reactions. After performing immunohistochemistry for CD34 and MGB, MVD evaluation was made using the �hot spot� method for each case and MGB was scored between 0 (negative) and +3 (strong positive) depending on the intensity and distribution of the staining. MGB expression in tumor cells and MVD mean values were extremely variable. The greatest MVD mean values were obtained in luminal B followed by HER2, luminal A and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (95.33, 69, 62, and 40, respectively). MGB expression in the tumor cells generally ranged from mild to weak and was strong only in a few invasive ductal carcinoma cases. In cases with TNBCs the expression of MGB in tumor cells was weak and focal or negative. This variability was noticed between the molecular types of breast cancers and even within the same molecular type. In a restricted number of cases, MGB positive tumors were associated with low MVD values while the negative cases were characterized by increased MVD mean values. The variable results we obtained regarding the correlation between MVD and MGB in breast cancer specimens may indicate a rather restricted use of MVD/MGB in estimating breast cancer patients� prognosis.

scholarly journals ASPH-notch Axis guided Exosomal delivery of Prometastatic Secretome renders breast Cancer multi-organ metastasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiushi Lin ◽  
Xuesong Chen ◽  
Fanzheng Meng ◽  
Kosuke Ogawa ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Premetastatic Niche

Abstract Background Aspartate β-hydroxylase (ASPH) is silent in normal adult tissues only to re-emerge during oncogenesis where its function is required for generation and maintenance of malignant phenotypes. Exosomes enable prooncogenic secretome delivering and trafficking for long-distance cell-to-cell communication. This study aims to explore molecular mechanisms underlying how ASPH network regulates designated exosomes to program development and progression of breast cancer. Methods Stable cell lines overexpressing or knocking-out of ASPH were established using lentivirus transfection or CRISPR-CAS9 systems. Western blot, MTT, immunofluorescence, luciferase reporter, co-immunoprecipitation, 2D/3-D invasion, tube formation, mammosphere formation, immunohistochemistry and newly developed in vitro metastasis were applied. Results Through physical interactions with Notch receptors, ligands (JAGs) and regulators (ADAM10/17), ASPH activates Notch cascade to provide raw materials (especially MMPs/ADAMs) for synthesis/release of pro-metastatic exosomes. Exosomes orchestrate EMT, 2-D/3-D invasion, stemness, angiogenesis, and premetastatic niche formation. Small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) of ASPH’s β-hydroxylase specifically/efficiently abrogated in vitro metastasis, which mimics basement membrane invasion at primary site, intravasation/extravasation (transendothelial migration), and colonization/outgrowth at distant sites. Multiple organ-metastases in orthotopic and tail vein injection murine models were substantially blocked by a specific SMI. ASPH is silenced in normal adult breast, upregulated from in situ malignancies to highly expressed in invasive/advanced ductal carcinoma. Moderate-high expression of ASPH confers more aggressive molecular subtypes (TNBC or Her2 amplified), early recurrence/progression and devastating outcome (reduced overall/disease-free survival) of breast cancer. Expression profiling of Notch signaling components positively correlates with ASPH expression in breast cancer patients, confirming that ASPH-Notch axis acts functionally in breast tumorigenesis. Conclusions ASPH-Notch axis guides particularly selective exosomes to potentiate multifaceted metastasis. ASPH’s pro-oncogenic/pro-metastatic properties are essential for breast cancer development/progression, revealing a potential target for therapy.

Early-stage male breast cancer: A 10-year experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11630-e11630
Author(s):  
N. Gercovich ◽  
E. Gil Deza ◽  
M. Russo ◽  
C. Garcia Gerardi ◽  
C. Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Male Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

e11630 Introduction: Male breast cancer is very rare, representing only between 0.7% and 1% of all breast cancers, and only half of them are early stage cases. Objective: The present study has been designed with the aim of studying retrospectively the clinical onset and evolution of male invasive breast cancer patients (stages I and II) treated at IOHM between 1997 and 2008. Methods: The records of 3,000 breast cancer cases followed between 1997 and 2008 were searched, looking for male stage I and II breast cancer patients. A database was designed following the recommendations of the Directors of Surgical Pathology of the USA. The information registered encompassed: adjuvant treatments, recurrence date and date of final consultation or death. Results: Twelve pts were identified. Mean age (range)= 66 yo (50–89 yo). Tumoral type= Invasive Ductal Carcinoma 12 pt. Tumoral subtype= NOS 9 pt (75%) Apocrine 2 pt (17%) Micropapillar 1 pt (8%). Nottingham´s grade= Grade 2: 8 pt, Grade 3: 3 pt, N/A=1 pt. Stage= I= 6 pt, II=6 pt. ER (Positve= 9 pt, Negative=1 pt, N/A= 2 pt). PR (Positve= 8 pt, Negative= 2 pt, N/A=2 pt). Her2neu (0+= 3 pt, 1+= 3 pt, 2+= 2 pt, N/A= 4 pt). Surgery= Mastectomy= 11 pt, Lumpectomy 1= pt. Radiotherapy=5 pt. Adjuvance= No=2 pt, Hormonotherapy (HT)= 3 pt, Chemotherapy (CHT) = 3 pt, CHT+HT= 4 pt. Recurrence= Yes= 2 pt, No= 10 pt. Survival: Dead= 1 pt, Alive =11 pt. Mean Time To Progression= Stage I =66 months, Stage II =42 months. Global survival: Stage I =66 months, Stage II =52 months. Conclusions: 1. Twelve stage I and II male breast cancer patients were identified out of 3000 (0.4%) breast cancer cases diagnosed and followed in the past 10 years at the IOHM. 2. Mastectomy was the surgical procedure in 11 of the 12 cases 3. Ten pt underwent adjuvant treatment. 4. With a mean follow up time of 60 months, all stage I patients are alive and there were no recurrences. Two of the 6 stage II pts progressed and one died. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Disease-free survival pattern in breast cancer patients in India treated in a single institution.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12030-e12030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavalinga S. Ajaikumar ◽  
Kodaganur Srinivasachar Gopinath ◽  
B S Srinath ◽  
Ramesh Bilimagga S ◽  
Nalini K Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Advanced Breast ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Distant Failure ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Disease Free

e12030 Background: This study elucidates data from a 5 year retrospective study evaluating survival rates and prognostic factors in breast carcinoma patients in a private cancer set up in south India. Methods: 1046 patients who were treated between years 2003 to 2008 were analyzed. Clinical data including stage, histopathology type, age, node positivity, treatment plan, chemotherapy regimen, ER/ PR and Her2 Neu status, type of surgery etc were abstracted in a database. Five year disease free survival, local failure free survival and distant failure free survival was calculated using Kaplan Meier survival curves. Log rank mantel hazel tests were used to compare two survival curves. Results: Local recurrence was seen in 4% and distant metastases in 22% of the study sample. 62% of patients presented with early breast cancer (AJCC Stage I, II and IIIA). 85.6% of early and 73.1% of locally advanced breast cancers were disease free at 5 years (p<0.001).90.6% of early and 82.4% of locally advanced breast cancers had distant failure free survival at 5 years (p=0.001). Local failure free survival was 96.1% in both early and locally advanced breast disease at 5 years.94.9% of her 2 negative and 83.5% Her 2 positive were disease free at 5 years (p=0.001). 5 years progression free survival was 91.5% for breast conservation surgery vs 84.1% for mastectomy with axillary clearance (p=0.01). 75.4% with triple negative status and 80.8% non triple negative receptor status had 5 years DFS. Conclusion: This is a first report of survival patterns of breast cancer patients treated in a single centre in India. High early stage patient numbers and high median disease free survival times could be because of improvement in screening and treatment of breast cancer in a developing country like India.

The potential benefit of trastuzumab-based therapy upon lapatinib progression in heavily preatreated patients with advanced HER2 positive breast cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11576-e11576
Author(s):  
Anastasios L. Boutis ◽  
Sofia Chatzileontiadou ◽  
Nikolaos Diamantopoulos ◽  
Athanasios Pouptsis ◽  
Chariklia Fotiou
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Advanced Breast ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Adjuvant Trastuzumab ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
Increased Risk

e11576 Background: Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) occurring in about 20% of breast cancers is associated with increased risk of disease recurrence and worse prognosis. Despite the advent of therapies that target HER2, particularly, trastuzumab and lapatinib, that have altered the natural course of HER2-positive advanced breast cancer, tumor progression remains inevitable. New agents are in clinical development, but up to date there are limited data to direct the treatment of patients after lapatinib progression. Methods: We retrospectively searched for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patients treated at our clinic, who received both trastuzumab-based therapy and lapatinib upon trastuzumab-progression in the metastatic setting. Thirty patients, all female, suffering from HER2-positive advanced breast cancer were identified. HER-2 positivity was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC 3+) or chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH+). Results: Of the 30 patients, 83.3% had invasive ductal carcinoma; 60% had positive hormone receptor status, and 80% grade 3 tumours. Half of the patients received adjuvant trastuzumab. Median age was 57 years, range 37-79 years. 36.6% were switched to lapatinib after a median of three (range 2-6 lines) trastuzumab-based treatment lines. In 8 pts (37.5%) trastuzumab was re-started after lapatinib progression. In 7 of these patients, trastuzumab was combined with chemotherapy. Median progression free survival and overall survival in these patients was 4.75 and 8.87 months respectively. 3 patients received bevacizumab-based therapy upon lapatinib failure. Conclusions: Trastuzumab rechallenge after lapatinib progression may be active in a subgroup of heavily pre-treated patients. Clinical benefit of this strategy has to be balanced especially in limited resource settings with unavailability of novel agents or early phase clinical trials. As of now, there is no uniform accepted standard to define the optimal treatment approach of patients upon lapatinib progression showing the real need for new therapies in this population.

scholarly journals Clinical Development of the E75 Vaccine in Breast Cancer

Breast Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy T. Clifton ◽  
Victor Gall ◽  
George E. Peoples ◽  
Elizabeth A. Mittendorf
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Gm Csf

E75 is an immunogenic peptide derived from the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein. A large amount of preclinical work evaluated the immunogenicity of E75, after which phase I trials investigated using E75 mixed with an immunoadjuvant as a vaccine. Those studies showed the vaccine to be safe and capable of stimulating an antigen-specific immune response. Subsequent to that, our group conducted trials evaluating E75 + granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the adjuvant setting. The studies enrolled node-positive and high-risk node-negative breast cancer patients, with the goal being to determine if vaccination could decrease the recurrence risk. The studies included 187 evaluable patients: 108 vaccinated ones and 79 controls. The 5-year disease-free survival for the vaccinated patients was 89.7% compared to 80.2% for the control patients, a 48% reduction in relative risk of recurrence. Based on these data, E75 + GM-CSF, now known as NeuVax™, is being evaluated in a phase III trial. In this article, we review preclinical data and results of the early-phase trials and provide an update on the ongoing phase III study. We also present additional strategies for employing the vaccine to be included as a component of combination immunotherapy as well as in the setting of ductal carcinoma in situ as an initial step towards primary prevention.

scholarly journals Basal-Like Breast Cancer; Clinicopathological, Molecular, and Prognostic Features

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Sabrine Haddad ◽  
Ines Zemni ◽  
Irtyah Merchaoui ◽  
Ilhem Bettaib ◽  
Olfa Adouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Metaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
The Mean

Background: Molecular classification of breast tumors has identified the basal-like subtype, with high heterogeneity and very poor prognosis. These tumors are mainly triple negative, characterized by the expression of basal markers CK5/6 and EGFR. In this study, we sought to investigate the features, outcome, and therapeutic modalities of basal-like breast cancers (BLBC).Methods: We retrospectively identified 90 BLBC patients diagnosed at the Department of Surgical Oncology of Salah Azaiez Institute between January 2009 and December 2013. Results: The mean age of our patients was 50 years, and 15.5% had a family history of breast cancer. The mean tumor size was 43.8 mm. Histological examination revealed invasive ductal carcinoma in 88.9% of the cases, metaplastic carcinoma in 5.6%, and medullary carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma in 2.2%. BLBC was most often associated with a high tumor grade (55.3% had a grade 3 tumor) and a high Ki-67 proliferative index. Vascular invasion was found in 31.1% of the cases. Regarding lymph node involvement, 42.9% had positive lymph nodes and 7.9% featured distant metastases. Surgical treatment was provided for 85 patients. It consisted of conservative surgery in 40 cases and radical surgery in 45 cases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administrated to 23 patients, with a 13% complete pathologic response. The rates of overall survival and disease-free survival at 3 years for localized BLBC were 74.4% and 75.9%, respectively. Conclusion: BLBCs are aggressive tumors associated with poor prognosis. Thus, to identify novel prognostic factors and therapeutic targets, prospective studies should investigate the epidemiological and evolutive profile of these tumors.

Long-term follow-up and factors of survival of HER-2 positive breast cancer patients treated either by neoadjuvant trastuzumab docetaxel (TAXHER-S01 study) or by neoadjuvant trastuzumab docetaxel carboplatin (GETN[A]1 study)

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11507-e11507
Author(s):  
L. Favier ◽  
M. Liegard ◽  
S. Guiu ◽  
I. van Praagh ◽  
R. Largillier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Weekly Docetaxel ◽  
Metastatic Relapse ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

e11507 Background: Almost 20% of breast cancers over express Her2, which is associated with a more aggressive phenotype and with a decreased survival. Nevertheless, trastuzumab (T) has been a revolutionary step in the adjuvant and in the metastatic treatments of Her2 positive breast cancers. Here, we focus on neoadjuvant T and try to determine the factors correlating with disease free survival and with overall survival in Her2 positive breast cancer treated with T based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Data from two published T based neoadjuvant phases II were used: the TAX-HER trial which studied the use of 6 courses of 3 weekly docetaxel with weekly neoadjuvant T (scheme TH) (Coudert et. al. Annals of Oncology 2006) and the GET(N)A-1 trial which studied the use of 6 courses of 3 weekly docetaxel and carboplatin along with weekly neoadjuvant T (scheme TCH) followed by 3 weekly adjuvant T (Coudert et. al. JCO 2007). Moreover, additional patients from our institution and treated by neoadjuvant TH and adjuvant T were included. Survival curves were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods and compared by log-rank test. Results: Data was available for 128 patients. 62 patients (48.4%) received neoadjuvant TH from whom 39 did not receive adjuvant T. 66 (51.6%) received neoadjuvant TCH and adjuvant T. Tumors characteristics were as followed: 65 (50.7%) SBR 1–2, 54 (42.19%) SBR 3, 49 (38.28%) hormonal receptors (RH) negative and 72 (56.25%) RH positive. The rate of pathological complete response (pCR) (Chevalier 1/2) was 39.6%. Overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort was 74,8 months. Relapse was defined as local, regional, metastatic relapse or death. Survival without relapse (SR) was 74.8 months. No difference was noted in OS and in SR according to the type of chemotherapy, TH or TCH. pCR did significantly influence SR (p = 0. 03) and survival without local recurrence (SLR) (p = 0.04) but neither OS nor survival without metastatic relapse (SMR). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that OS was correlated with node response (as defined by sataloff grade NA or NB) (p=0.0275) and the use of hormonal therapy in RH positive tumors (p=0.0724). [Table: see text]

scholarly journals LncRNA PART1 Promotes Proliferation and Migration, Is Associated with Cancer Stem Cells, and Alters the miRNA Landscape in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2644
Author(s):  
Brianne M. Cruickshank ◽  
Marie-Claire D. Wasson ◽  
Justin M. Brown ◽  
Wasundara Fernando ◽  
Jaganathan Venkatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Mammosphere Formation ◽  
Basal Like Breast Cancer ◽  
Myosin Va

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive, lack targeted therapies and are enriched in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Novel therapies which target CSCs within these tumors would likely lead to improved outcomes for TNBC patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential therapeutic targets for TNBC and CSCs. We demonstrate that lncRNA prostate androgen regulated transcript 1 (PART1) is enriched in TNBCs and in Aldefluorhigh CSCs, and is associated with worse outcomes among basal-like breast cancer patients. Although PART1 is androgen inducible in breast cancer cells, analysis of patient tumors indicates its androgen regulation has minimal clinical impact. Knockdown of PART1 in TNBC cell lines and a patient-derived xenograft decreased cell proliferation, migration, tumor growth, and mammosphere formation potential. Transcriptome analyses revealed that the lncRNA affects expression of hundreds of genes (e.g., myosin-Va, MYO5A; zinc fingers and homeoboxes protein 2, ZHX2). MiRNA 4.0 GeneChip and TaqMan assays identified multiple miRNAs that are regulated by cytoplasmic PART1, including miR-190a-3p, miR-937-5p, miR-22-5p, miR-30b-3p, and miR-6870-5p. We confirmed the novel interaction between PART1 and miR-937-5p. In general, miRNAs altered by PART1 were less abundant than PART1, potentially leading to cell line-specific effects in terms miRNA-PART1 interactions and gene regulation. Together, the altered miRNA landscape induced by PART1 explains most of the protein-coding gene regulation changes (e.g., MYO5A) induced by PART1 in TNBC.

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