scholarly journals Current Status and Future Perspectives about Molecular Biomarkers of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3490
Author(s):  
Pui Yan Siak ◽  
Alan Soo-Beng Khoo ◽  
Chee Onn Leong ◽  
Boon-Peng Hoh ◽  
Shiau-Chuen Cheah
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that shows a remarkable ethnic and geographical distribution. It is one of the major public health problems in some countries, especially Southern China and Southeast Asia, but rare in most Western countries. Multifactorial interactions such as Epstein–Barr virus infection, individual’s genetic susceptibility, as well as environmental and dietary factors may facilitate the pathogenesis of this malignancy. Late presentation and the complex nature of the disease have led it to become a major cause of mortality. Therefore, an effective, sensitive, and specific molecular biomarker is urgently needed for early disease diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of metastasis and recurrence after treatment. In this review, we discuss the recent research status of potential biomarker discovery and the problems that need to be explored further for better NPC management. By studying the aberrant pattern of these candidate biomarkers that promote NPC development and progression, we are able to understand the complexity of this malignancy better, hence positing our stands better towards strategies that may provide a way forward to the discovery of more reliable and specific biomarkers for diagnosis and targeted therapeutic development.

scholarly journals Omics-Based Identification of Biomarkers for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tavan Janvilisri
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Outcome Prediction ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Molecular Biomarker ◽  
Therapeutic Measure ◽  
Cellular Pathways

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a head and neck cancer that is highly found in distinct geographic areas, such as Southeast Asia. The management of NPC remains burdensome as the prognosis is poor due to the late presentation of the disease and the complex nature of NPC pathogenesis. Therefore, it is necessary to find effective molecular markers for early detection and therapeutic measure of NPC. In this paper, the discovery of molecular biomarker for NPC through the emerging omics technologies including genomics, miRNA-omics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics will be extensively reviewed. These markers have been shown to play roles in various cellular pathways in NPC progression. The knowledge on their function will help us understand in more detail the complexity in tumor biology, leading to the better strategies for early detection, outcome prediction, detection of disease recurrence, and therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals HYPERMETHYLATED DNA AS BIOMARKER FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER DETECTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Thuan Duc Lao ◽  
Thuy Ai Huyen Le
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanism ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Aberrant Methylation ◽  
Environmental Carcinogens ◽  
Dna Hypermethylation ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Backgroud: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy with remarkable geographic and distribution worldwide, toward in Southern China and Southern Asia. In addition to Epstein–Barr virus infection, environmental carcinogens, the development of NPC involves the cumulative genetic as well as epigenetic alteration. More recently, it has been reported that DNA hypermethylation, an epigenetic mechanism, that occurred by the addition of a methyl group at 5’ position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosine residues at CpG islands, has been considered as the cause of nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis. In recent years, many reports have focused on the identification, evaluation of aberrant methylation of target tumor suppressor genes’ promoters, such as RASSF1A, BLU, DLEC, RARβ, p16, p15, p14, and MGMT in the NPC development.Objective: We focused on the description and exemplification of the DNA hypermethylation changes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Conclusion: we highlighted the DNA hypermethylation as a potential biomarker applied in monitoring, screening, and early diagnosis for cancer of nasopharynx.

Overexpression of p62 Induces Autophagy and Promotes Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells through Promoting ERK Signaling Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 624-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Manlin Xiang ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Lu Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Background: Increasing evidence has shown that p62 plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, relatively little is known about the association between p62 and tumor invasion and metastasis; in addition, its role in NPC (nasopharyngeal carcinoma, NPC) has been rarely investigated. Objective: To investigate the effect of p62 on tumorigenesis and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Western blotting, immunofluorescent staining and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate p62 protein expression. Subsequently, cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion and autophagy assays were performed. anti-p62 autoantibodies in sera were detected by ELISA. These data were correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results: We confirmed that p62 was significantly up-regulated in NPC tissues. Furthermore, high expression of p62 was observed in NPC cell lines, and especially in the highly metastatic 5-8F cells. In vitro, down-regulation of p62 inhibited proliferation, clone forming ability, autophagy, migration, and invasion in 5-8F cells, whereas p62 overexpression resulted in the opposite effects in 6-10B cells. Moreover, we confirmed that p62 promotes NPC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK). Clinical analysis indicated that high p62 expression correlates with lymph node and distant metastasis (P<0.05). Serum anti-p62 autoantibodies were increased in NPC patients and levels were associated with metastasis. Conclusion : Our data establish p62 targeting ERK as potential determinant in the NPC, which supplies a new pathway to treat NPC. Furthermore, p62 is a potential biomarker which might be closely related to the tumorigenesis and metastasis in NPC.

scholarly journals Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a prospective seropositive population

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jie Chen ◽  
Wen-Na Xu ◽  
Hai-Yun Wang ◽  
Xiao-Xia Chen ◽  
Xue-Qi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Objective Plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA is considered a biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, its long-term role in NPC development is unclear. Materials and methods A total of 1363 participants seropositive for EBV VCA-IgA and EBNA1-IgA in a community-based NPC screening program in southern China were tested for plasma EBV DNA levels by real-time qPCR between 2008 and 2015. New NPC cases were confirmed by active follow-up approach and linkage to local cancer registry through the end of 2016. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) for NPC risk with plasma EBV DNA. Results Thirty patients were newly diagnosed during a median 7.5 years follow-up. NPC incidence increased with the plasma EBV DNA load ranging from 281.46 to 10,074.47 per 100,000 person-years in participants with undetectable and ≥ 1000 copies/ml levels; the corresponding cumulative incidence rates were 1.73 and 50%. Furthermore, plasma EBV DNA loads conferred an independent risk for NPC development after adjustment for other risk factors, with HRs of 7.63 for > 3–999 copies/ml and 39.79 for ≥1000 copies/ml. However, the HRs decreased gradually after excluding NPC cases detected in the first 2 to 3 years and became statistically nonsignificant by excluding cases detected during the first 4 years. Conclusion Elevated plasma EBV DNA can predict NPC risk over 3 years. Monitoring plasma EBV DNA can be used as a complementary approach to EBV serological antibody-based screening for NPC.

scholarly journals Luminex and Other Multiplex High Throughput Technologies for the Identification of, and Host Response to, Environmental Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad Purohit ◽  
Ashok Sharma ◽  
Jin-Xiong She
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Silent Period ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Diabetes Research

Complex interactions between a series of environmental factors and genes result in progression to clinical type 1 diabetes in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite several decades of research in the area, these interactions remain poorly understood. Several studies have yielded associations of certain foods, infections, and immunizations with the onset and progression of diabetes autoimmunity, but most findings are still inconclusive. Environmental triggers are difficult to identify mainly due to (i) large number and complex nature of environmental exposures, including bacteria, viruses, dietary factors, and environmental pollutants, (ii) reliance on low throughput technology, (iii) less efforts in quantifying host response, (iv) long silent period between the exposure and clinical onset of T1D which may lead to loss of the exposure fingerprints, and (v) limited sample sets. Recent development in multiplex technologies has enabled systematic evaluation of different classes of molecules or macroparticles in a high throughput manner. However, the use of multiplex assays in type 1 diabetes research is limited to cytokine assays. In this review, we will discuss the potential use of multiplex high throughput technologies in identification of environmental triggers and host response in type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Transcriptional patterns, biomarkers and pathways characterizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma of Southern China

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyi Fang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Qingping Jiang ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Huiling Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Southern China

scholarly journals Next-Generation Biomarkers for Cholangiocarcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3222
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Rodrigues ◽  
Arndt Vogel ◽  
Marco Arrese ◽  
Domingo C. Balderramo ◽  
Juan W. Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tumor Biopsy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tumor Stages ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Early Tumor

The increasing mortality rates of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) registered during the last decades are, at least in part, a result of the lack of accurate non-invasive biomarkers for early disease diagnosis, making the identification of patients who might benefit from potentially curative approaches (i.e., surgery) extremely challenging. The obscure CCA pathogenesis and associated etiological factors, as well as the lack of symptoms in patients with early tumor stages, highly compromises CCA identification and to predict tumor development in at-risk populations. Currently, CCA diagnosis is accomplished by the combination of clinical/biochemical features, radiological imaging and non-specific serum tumor biomarkers, although a tumor biopsy is still needed to confirm disease diagnosis. Furthermore, prognostic and predictive biomarkers are still lacking and urgently needed. During the recent years, high-throughput omics-based approaches have identified novel circulating biomarkers (diagnostic and prognostic) that might be included in large, international validation studies in the near future. In this review, we summarize and discuss the most recent advances in the field of biomarker discovery in CCA, providing new insights and future research directions.

scholarly journals Src-1 and SP2 promote the proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Yang ◽  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Hongyi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Steroid Receptor Coactivator

Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is characterized by high morbidity and morality, especially in Southern China. Transcription factors intensively participate in the initiation and development of NPC. This study aimed to investigate the roles of Src-1 in NPC. mRNA level was determined by qRT-PCR. Western blot was carried out for the protein level. CCK-8 assay was performed to determine cell viability, colony formation for NPC cell proliferation, and transwell for cell migration and invasion ability. The results showed Steroid receptor coactivator 1 (Src-1) was overexpressed in SNE-2 and 6-10B. The expression of Src-1 and SP2 was in positive correlation. Overexpression of Src-1 promoted the cell viability, colony formation, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), manifested by the increase of migration and invasion ability, while knockdown of Src-1 exerted opposite effects. Additionally, knockdown or overexpression of SP2 reversed the effects of overexpressed or downregulated Src-1, which was reversed by the depletion of SP2. Moreover, Src-1 interacted with SP2 to regulate EMT-related genes such as E-cad, N-cad, Vimentin, and ZEB1, and proliferation- and apoptosis-related genes, such as bax, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase3 and bcl-2. Thus, blocking the interaction between Src-1 and SP2 may be a therapeutic target for inhibiting the metastasis of NPC.

Modern treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current status and prospects

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Rottey ◽  
Indira Madani ◽  
Philippe Deron ◽  
Simon Van Belle
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Modern Treatment
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