scholarly journals Reproductive Pattern of Parous Women and The Risk of Cancer in Later Life

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3731
Author(s):  
Zahra Pasdar ◽  
Neil W. Scott ◽  
Lisa Iversen ◽  
Philip C. Hannaford ◽  
Phyo Kyaw Myint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Inter Pregnancy Interval ◽  
Control Study

We assessed the risk of any and site-specific cancers in a case-control study of parous women living in northeast Scotland in relation to: total number of pregnancies, cumulative time pregnant, age at first delivery and interpregnancy interval. We analysed 6430 women with cancer and 6430 age-matched controls. After adjustment for confounders, women with increasing number of pregnancies had similar odds of cancer diagnosis as women with only one pregnancy. The adjusted odds of cancer diagnosis were no higher in women with cumulative pregnancy time 50–150 weeks compared to those pregnant ≤ 50 weeks. Compared with women who had their first delivery at or before 20 years of age, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) among those aged 21–25 years was 0.81, 95% CI 0.74, 0.88; 26–30 years AOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69, 0.86; >30 years AOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.55, 0.73. After adjustment, the odds of having any cancer were higher in women who had an inter-pregnancy interval >3 years compared to those with no subsequent pregnancy (AOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05, 1.30). Older age at first pregnancy was associated with increased risk of breast and gastrointestinal cancer, and reduced risk of invasive cervical, carcinoma in situ of the cervix and respiratory cancer.

scholarly journals Anti-seizure medication is not associated with an increased risk to develop cancer in epilepsy patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Stritzelberger ◽  
Johannes D. Lang ◽  
Tamara M. Mueller ◽  
Caroline Reindl ◽  
Vivien Westermayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Objective Whether anti-seizure medication (ASM) increases the risk for cancer has been debated for decades. While for some ASM, a carcinoma-promoting effect has been suspected, carcinoma-protective effects have been shown for other ASM. However, the issue remains unresolved as data from preclinical and clinical studies have been inconsistent and contradictory. Methods We collected anonymous patient data from practice neurologists throughout Germany between 2009 and 2018 using the IMS Disease Analyzer database (QuintilesIMS, Frankfurt, Germany). People with epilepsy (PWE) with an initial cancer diagnosis and antiepileptic therapy prior to the index date were 1:1 matched with a control group of PWE without cancer according to age, gender, index year, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and treating physician. For both groups, the risk to develop cancer under treatment with different ASMs was analyzed using three different models (ever use vs. never use (I), effect per one (II) and per five therapy years (III). Results A total of 3152 PWE were included (each group, n = 1,576; age = 67.3 ± 14.0 years). The risk to develop cancer was not significantly elevated for any ASM. Carbamazepine was associated with a decreased cancer risk (OR Model I: 0.699, p < .0001, OR Model II: 0.952, p = .4878, OR Model III: 0.758, p < .0004). Significance Our findings suggest that ASM use does not increase the risk of cancer in epilepsy patients.

scholarly journals Serum selenium level and cancer risk: a nested case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Narod ◽  
Tomasz Huzarski ◽  
Anna Jakubowska ◽  
Jacek Gronwald ◽  
Cezary Cybulski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Low Selenium ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a relationship between selenium status and cancer risk among those with low selenium levels. It is of interest to prospectively evaluate the relationship between selenium and cancer among women who reside in a region with ubiquitously low selenium levels. Methods We performed a nested case-control study of baseline serum selenium levels and cancer risk using data and biological samples from 19,573 females that were participants in a biobanking initiative between 2010 and 2014 in Szczecin Poland. Cases included women with any incident cancer (n = 97) and controls (n = 184) were women with no cancer at baseline or follow-up. Serum selenium was quantified using mass spectroscopy. Results The odds ratio associated being below the cutoff of 70.0 μg/L compared to a level above 70.0 μg/L was 2.29 (95% CI 1.26–4.19; P = 0.007). The risks for women in the two middle categories were similar and suggests that the normal range be between 70 μg/L and 90 μg/L. There was evidence for an increased risk of cancer among women in the highest category of selenium levels (i.e., > 90 μg/L), but this association did not achieve statistical significance (OR = 1.63; 95%CI 0.63–4.19; P = 0.31). Conclusions Results from this study suggest that suggest that the optimum serum level of selenium in women living in Poland should be between 70 μg/L and 90 μg/L.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Pre-miR-3131 3-bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Susceptibility and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Breast Cancer

MicroRNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Mahsa Azizi ◽  
Nahid Rahimi ◽  
Gholamreza Bahari ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Mohammad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Aims: This study aimed at examining the effect of 3-bp pre-miR-3131 insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism on Breast Cancer (BC) risk. Objectives: Totally 403 women including 199 BC patients and 204 women who have no cancer were included in this case-control study. Genotyping of miR-3131 3-bp ins/del polymorphism was performed by mismatch PCR-RFLP method. Methods: The findings expressed that the pre-miR-3131 3-bp ins/del variant was not related to the risk of BC in all genetic tested models. While, the ins/del genotype was related to late onset BC (OR=2.53, 95%CI=1.27-4.84, p=0.008). Results: Pooled results from the meta-analysis indicated to that the pre-miR-3131 ins/del is related to with an increased risk of cancer in heterozygous (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.06-1.51, p=0.01), dominant (OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.14-1.54, p=0.0002), and allele (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.06-1.45, p=0.006) genetics models. Conclusion: It is concluded that, our findings did not support a relationship between pre-miR-3131 ins/del polymorphism and the risk of BC. While, this variant was significantly related to late onset BC. Combined results of this study with previous studies indicated that this polymorphism increased the risk of cancer. More studies in a study with larger population with variety of ethnicities are required to verify our findings.

scholarly journals Increased risk of ovarian cancer in integrin β3 Leu33Pro homozygotes

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Bojesen ◽  
S K Kjær ◽  
E V S Høgdall ◽  
B L Thomsen ◽  
C K Høgdall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Control Study

We previously demonstrated that integrin β3 Leu33Pro homozygotes have an increased risk of cancer, possibly most pronounced for ovarian cancer. We now test the latter hypothesis in case-control and prospective studies. We genotyped 463 Danish women with ovarian cancer, and 4291 women from the Danish general population. Calculation of odds ratios by conditional logistic regression was performed in the case-control study (n=463 + 3543), and of ovarian cancer incidence, log-rank statistics and hazard ratios by Cox regression in the prospective study (n=4291) with 9.5-year follow-up. In the case-control study matched for age and marital status, the odds ratio for ovarian cancer in homozygotes versus non-carriers was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.0–2.6). In the prospective study with 28 incident ovarian cancers, non-carriers and homozygotes had incidences of 7 (4–11) and 30 (10–92) per 10 000 person-years (log-rank P=0.02). The age-adjusted hazard ratio for ovarian cancer in homozygotes versus non-carriers was 3.9 (1.1–13). Risk of ovarian cancer did not differ between heterozygotes and non-carriers in either study. Integrin β3 Leu33Pro homozygotes have an increased risk of ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Incident cardiovascular events and risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fardman ◽  
A Oppenheim ◽  
G.D Banschick ◽  
R Rabia ◽  
S Segev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Subsequent Cancer

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer share common risk factors. This study investigated the association of CVD diagnosis and the risk of future cancer. Methods We evaluated asymptomatic self-referred adults aged 40–79 years who participated in a screening program. All subjects were free of CVD and cancer at baseline. CVD was defined as the composite of acute coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention or stroke. Cancer and mortality data were available for all subjects from national registries. Primary end-point was development of cancer during follow up. Cox regression models were applied with CVD as a time-dependent covariate and death as a competing risk event. Results Final study population included 15,486 subjects. Median age was 50 years (Interquartile range [IQR] 44–55) and 72% were men. During median follow up time of 11 years (IQR 6–15) 1,028 (7%) subjects developed CVD, 1,281 (8%) developed cancer and 499 (3%) died. Most common cancer types were prostate among men (N=277, 1.8%) and breast among women (N=187, 1.2%). Time dependent survival analysis showed that subjects who developed CVD during follow up were 60% more likely to develop cancer (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.3–1.95, p&lt;0.001). However, after adjustment for known predictors of cancer, the association of incident CVD with cancer diagnosis was no longer significant (p=0.21). Interaction analysis demonstrated that the association of incident CVD with the risk of future cancer diagnosis was age dependent such that in younger subjects (&lt;50 years; N=7,649) incident CVD was associated with a significant 2 fold increased risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis (95% CI 1.2–3.6, p=0.014) while in older subjects incident CVD was not associated with increased risk of cancer in the multivariable model (p for interaction =0.035; Figure 1). Conclusions Incident CVD is independently associated with 2-fold increased risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis among young adults. Our analysis underscores the importance of cancer surveillance among young patients following a CVD event. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Methylation of WT1, CA10 in peripheral blood leukocyte is associated with breast cancer risk: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anqi Ge ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Yupeng Liu ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Studies have shown that abnormal changes of specific-gene DNA methylation in leukocytes may be associated with an elevated risk of cancer. However, associations between the methylation of the zinc-related genes, WT1 and CA10, and breast cancer risk remain unknown. Methods: The methylation of WT1 and CA10 was analyzed by methylation-sensitive high-resolution-melting (MS-HRM) in a case-control study with female subjects (N=959). Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations, and propensity score (PS) method was used to adjust confounders. Results: The results showed that WT1 hypermethylation was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.07 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.67-5.64, P<0.01]. Subgroup analyses showed that WT1 hypermethylation was specifically associated with an elevated risk of luminal A subtype (OR=2.62, 95% CI: 1.11-6.20, P=0.03) and luminal B subtype (OR=3.23, 95% CI: 1.34-7.80, P=0.01). CA10 hypermethylation was associated with an increased risk of luminal B subtype (OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.09-2.98, P=0.02). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that the hypermethylation of WT1 methylation in leukocytes is significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. The hypermethylation of WT1 is associated with an increased risk of luminal subtypes of breast cancer, and the hypermethylation of CA10 is associated with an increased risk of luminal B subtype of breast cancer.

Increased Risk of Breast Cancer Associated With CHEK2*1100delC

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Weischer ◽  
Stig Egil Bojesen ◽  
Anne Tybjærg-Hansen ◽  
Christen Kirk Axelsson ◽  
Børge Grønne Nordestgaard
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chek2 1100Delc ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Control Study

Purpose CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity has been associated with increased risk of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer in case-control studies. We tested the hypothesis that CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity in the general population increases the risk of cancer in general, and breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer in particular. Patients and Methods We performed a prospective study of 9,231 individuals from the Danish general population, who were observed for 34 years, and we performed a case-control study including 1,101 cases of breast cancer and 4,665 controls. Results Of the general population, 0.5% were heterozygotes and 99.5% were noncarriers. In the prospective study, multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios by CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity versus noncarriers were 1.2 (95% CI, 0.7 to 2.1) for all cancers, 3.2 (95% CI, 1.0 to 9.9) for breast cancer, 2.3 (95% CI, 0.6 to 9.5) for prostate cancer, and 1.6 (95% CI, 0.4 to 6.5) for colorectal cancer. In the case-control study, age-matched odds ratio for breast cancer by CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity versus noncarriers was 2.6 (95% CI, 1.3 to 5.4). The absolute 10-year risk of breast cancer in CHEK2*1100delC heterozygotes amounted to 24% in women older than 60 years undergoing hormone replacement therapy, with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or higher. Conclusion CHEK2*1100delC heterozygosity is associated with a three-fold risk of breast cancer in women in the general population.

scholarly journals Cutibacterium avidum resists surgical skin antisepsis in the groin—a potential risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection: a quality control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Maurer ◽  
Laura Kursawe ◽  
Stefan Rahm ◽  
Julia Prinz ◽  
Annelies S. Zinkernagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Infection ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Skin Antisepsis ◽  
Quality Control Study ◽  
Skin Commensals ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The skin commensal Cutibacterium avidum has been recognized as an emerging pathogen for periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). One currently assumes that the early occurring PJIs are a consequence of skin commensals contaminating the peri-implant tissue during surgery. We addressed whether standard skin antisepsis with povidone-iodine/alcohol before total hip arthroplasty (THA) is effective to eliminate colonizing bacteria with focus on C. avidum. Methods In a single-center, prospective study, we screened all patients for skin colonizing C. avidum in the groin before THA. Only in the patients positive for C. avidum, we preoperatively repeated skin swabs after the first and third skin antisepsis and antibiotic prophylaxis. We also obtained dermis biopsies for microbiology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results Fifty-one out of 60 patients (85%) were colonized on the skin with various bacteria, in particular with C. avidum in 12 out of 60. Skin antisepsis eliminated C. avidum in eight of ten (20%) colonized patients undergoing THA. Deeper skin (dermis) biopsies were all culture negative, but FISH detected single positive ribosome-rich C. avidum in one case near sweat glands. Conclusion Standard skin antisepsis was not effective to completely eliminate colonizing C. avidum on the skin in the groin of patients undergoing THA. Colonizing with C. avidum might pose an increased risk for PJI when considering a THA. Novel more effective antisepsis strategies are needed. Trial registration No clinical trial

scholarly journals Incident cardiovascular events among healthy subjects are associated with increased risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fardman ◽  
S Tiosano ◽  
A Kaplan ◽  
M Kalstein ◽  
Y Moshkovits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Subsequent Cancer

Abstract Introduction While Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer share common risk factors, data on the temporal association between the occurrence of CVD and cancer is limited. Purpose This study investigated the association between incident CVD events future cancer among apparently healthy subjects. Methods We evaluated asymptomatic self-referred adults who participated in a screening program. All subjects were free of CVD and cancer at baseline. CVD was defined as the composite of acute coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention, or stroke. Study endpoint was the development of cancer during follow up. Cancer and mortality data were available for all subjects from national registries. Cox regression models were applied with CVD as a time-dependent covariate and death as a competing risk event. Results Final study population included 26,574 subjects. Median age was 46 years (Interquartile range [IQR] 40–53) and 69% were men. During median follow up time of 10 years (IQR 3–16) 2,463 (9%) subjects developed CVD, 2,040 (8%) developed cancer and 869 (3%) died. Most common cancer types were prostate among men (N=406, 2.2%) and breast among women (N=283, 3.4%). Compared with patients who were free of CVD and cancer during follow up, risk of death was 5, 34 and 54 times higher for patients who developed CVD event, cancer, or both during follow up, respectively (p &lt;.001 for all). Time dependent survival analysis showed that subjects who developed CVD during follow up were 50% more likely to develop cancer in a univariate model (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.3–1.7, p&lt;.001). Interaction analysis demonstrated that the association of incident CVD with the risk of future cancer diagnosis was age dependent such that in younger subjects (≤52 years; N=19,052) incident CVD was associated with a significant 30% increased risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis (95% CI 1.03–1.67, p=.027) while in older subjects incident CVD was not associated with increased risk of cancer in the multivariable model (p for interaction =.018). Conclusion Incident CVD is independently associated with increased risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis among young adults. Active cancer surveillance should be considered among young patients recovering from a CVD event. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

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