scholarly journals Interplay of Nanoparticle Properties during Endocytosis

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Xiaohuan Wang ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Fan Song
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Surface Functionality

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely applied as drug carriers in drug delivery, due to their unique physical and structural properties. To achieve the drug delivery purpose, receptor-mediated endocytosis is a primary explored mechanism to internalize NPs into tumor cells. During the endocytosis process, properties of NPs, including size, shape, and surface functionality, play an important role in determining the final drug delivery efficacy. Many of these NP properties have been extensively explored individually. However, the multiple NP properties naturally interplay with each other in the endocytosis process to determine the internalization efficiency together. Therefore, it is significantly important to understand the interplay of different NP properties to improve the NP’s final delivery efficacy. In this review, we focus on the interplay of NPs properties on the endocytosis process to summarize the relevant experimental observations and physical mechanisms. Particularly, three different aspects are discussed in detail, including the interplay between size and shape; size and elasticity; shape and elasticity. We have summarized the most recent works and highlighted that building up systematic understandings for the complex interplay between NP properties can greatly help a better design of NP platforms for drug delivery.

Folate-conjugated nanodiamond for tumor-targeted drug delivery

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (101) ◽  
pp. 82711-82716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Dong ◽  
Ruixia Cao ◽  
Yingqi Li ◽  
Zhiqin Wang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Folate Receptors ◽  
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis ◽  
Targeted Drug

Relying on the role of folate and folate receptors, NPFD nanoparticles tend to selectively discriminate tumor cells from normal cells and enter the cells by clathrin-dependent and receptor-mediated endocytosis.

scholarly journals Physical mechanisms and methods employed in drug delivery to tumors

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erim Bešić
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Delivery Strategies

Physical mechanisms and methods employed in drug delivery to tumorsIn addition to several well-known drug delivery strategies developed to facilitate effective chemotherapy with anticancer agents, some new approaches have been recently established, based on specific effects arising from the applications of ultrasound, magnetic and electric fields on drug delivery systems. This paper gives an overview of newly developed methods of drug delivery to tumors and of the related anticancer therapies based on the combined use of different physical methods and specific drug carriers. The conventional strategies and new approaches have been put into perspective to revisit the existing and to propose new directions to overcome the threatening problem of cancer diseases.

scholarly journals Engineering of Exosomes to Target Cancer Metastasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjiang Zhang ◽  
Jenna A. Dombroski ◽  
Michael R. King
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Target Cancer

AbstractAs a nanoscale subset of extracellular vehicles, exosomes represent a new pathway of intercellular communication by delivering cargos such as proteins and nucleic acids to recipient cells. Importantly, it has been well documented that exosome-mediated delivery of such cargo is involved in many pathological processes such as tumor progression, cancer metastasis, and development of drug resistance. Innately biocompatible and possessing ideal structural properties, exosomes offer distinct advantages for drug delivery over artificial nanoscale drug carriers. In this review, we summarize recent progress in methods for engineering exosomes including isolation techniques and exogenous cargo encapsulation, with a focus on applications of engineered exosomes to target cancer metastasis.

scholarly journals Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Pepper Mild Mottle Virus-Based Nanotubes for Targeted Delivery and Controlled Release of Paclitaxel

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiejun Peng ◽  
Yueyan Yin ◽  
Hongze Liang ◽  
Yuwen Lu ◽  
Hongying Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Cell Uptake ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Pepper Mild Mottle Virus ◽  
Strong Candidate

Plant virus nanoparticles (PVNPs) have been widely used for drug delivery, antibody development and medical imaging because of their good biodegradation and biocompatibility. Particles of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) are elongated and may be useful as drug carriers because their shape favours long circulation, preferential distribution and increased cellular uptake. Moreover, its effective degradation in an acidic microenvironment enables a pH-responsive release of the encapsulated drug. In this study, genetic engineering techniques were used to form rod-shaped structures of nanoparticles (PMMoV) and folated-modified PMMoV nanotubes were prepared by polyethylene glycol (PEG) to provide targeted delivery of paclitaxel (PTX). FA@PMMoV@PTX nanotubes were designed to selectively target tumor cells and to release the encapsulated PTX in response to pH. Efficient cell uptake of FA@PMMoV@PTX nanotubes was observed when incubated with tumor cells, and FA@PMMoV@PTX nanotubes had superior cytotoxicity to free PTX, as reflected by cell survival and apoptosis. This system is a strong candidate for use in developing improved strategies for targeted treatment of tumors.

Optical Properties of Photodynamic Therapy Drugs in Different Environments: The Paradigmatic Case of Temoporfin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
busenur Aslanoglu ◽  
Ilya Yakavets ◽  
Vladimir Zorin ◽  
Henri-Pierre Lassalle ◽  
Francesca Ingrosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Computational Tools

Computational tools have been used to study the photophysical and photochemical features of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) –a minimally invasive, less aggressive alternative for cancer treatment. PDT is mainly based by the activation of molecular oxygen through the action of a photoexcited sensitizer (photosensitizer). Temoporfin, widely known as mTHPC, is a second-generation photosensitizer, which produces the cytotoxic singlet oxygen when irradiated with visible light and hence destroys tumor cells. However, the bioavailability of the mostly hydrophobic photosensitizer, and hence its incorporation into the cells, is fundamental to achieve the desired effect on malignant tissues by PDT. In this study, we focus on the optical properties of the temoporfin chromophore in different environments –in <i>vacuo</i>, in solution, encapsulated in drug delivery agents, namely cyclodextrin, and interacting with a lipid bilayer.

Transferrin-Conjugated Nanocarriers as Active-Targeted Drug Delivery Platforms for Cancer Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele R. Nogueira-Librelotto ◽  
Cristiane F. Codevilla ◽  
Ammad Farooqi ◽  
Clarice M. B. Rolim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Active Targeting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Passive Targeting ◽  
The Right ◽  
Review Current ◽  
Target Effects

A lot of effort has been devoted to achieving active targeting for cancer therapy in order to reach the right cells. Hence, increasingly it is being realized that active-targeted nanocarriers notably reduce off-target effects, mainly because of targeted localization in tumors and active cellular uptake. In this context, by taking advantage of the overexpression of transferrin receptors on the surface of tumor cells, transferrin-conjugated nanodevices have been designed, in hope that the biomarker grafting would help to maximize the therapeutic benefit and to minimize the side effects. Notably, active targeting nanoparticles have shown improved therapeutic performances in different tumor models as compared to their passive targeting counterparts. In this review, current development of nano-based devices conjugated with transferrin for active tumor-targeting drug delivery are highlighted and discussed. The main objective of this review is to provide a summary of the vast types of nanomaterials that have been used to deliver different chemotherapeutics into tumor cells, and to ultimately evaluate the progression on the strategies for cancer therapy in view of the future research.

Advances in Nanoparticles as Anticancer Drug Delivery Vector: Need of this Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 1637-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Ali ◽  
Sofi D. Mukhtar ◽  
Heyam S. Ali ◽  
Marcus T. Scotti ◽  
Luciana Scotti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Delivery Vector ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Smart Drug ◽  
Smart Drug Delivery

Background: Nanotechnology has contributed a great deal to the field of medical science. Smart drugdelivery vectors, combined with stimuli-based characteristics, are becoming increasingly important. The use of external and internal stimulating factors can have enormous benefits and increase the targeting efficiency of nanotechnology platforms. The pH values of tumor vascular tissues are acidic in nature, allowing the improved targeting of anticancer drug payloads using drug-delivery vectors. Nanopolymers are smart drug-delivery vectors that have recently been developed and recommended for use by scientists because of their potential targeting capabilities, non-toxicity and biocompatibility, and make them ideal nanocarriers for personalized drug delivery. Method: The present review article provides an overview of current advances in the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as anticancer drug-delivery vectors. Results: This article reviews the molecular basis for the use of NPs in medicine, including personalized medicine, personalized therapy, emerging vistas in anticancer therapy, nanopolymer targeting, passive and active targeting transports, pH-responsive drug carriers, biological barriers, computer-aided drug design, future challenges and perspectives, biodegradability and safety. Conclusions: This article will benefit academia, researchers, clinicians, and government authorities by providing a basis for further research advancements.

Advances in the use of MOFs for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (33) ◽  
pp. 4174-4184
Author(s):  
Marina P. Abuçafy ◽  
Bruna L. da Silva ◽  
João A. Oshiro-Junior ◽  
Eloisa B. Manaia ◽  
Bruna G. Chiari-Andréo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Diagnostic Agents

Nanoparticles as drug delivery systems and diagnostic agents have gained much attention in recent years, especially for cancer treatment. Nanocarriers improve the therapeutic efficiency and bioavailability of antitumor drugs, besides providing preferential accumulation at the target site. Among different types of nanocarriers for drug delivery assays, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted increasing interest in the academic community. MOFs are an emerging class of coordination polymers constructed of metal nodes or clusters and organic linkers that show the capacity to combine a porous structure with high drug loading through distinct kinds of interactions, overcoming the limitations of traditional drug carriers explored up to date. Despite the rational design and synthesis of MOFs, structural aspects and some applications of these materials like gas adsorption have already been comprehensively described in recent years; it is time to demonstrate their potential applications in biomedicine. In this context, MOFs can be used as drug delivery systems and theranostic platforms due to their ability to release drugs and accommodate imaging agents. This review describes the intrinsic characteristics of nanocarriers used in cancer therapy and highlights the latest advances in MOFs as anticancer drug delivery systems and diagnostic agents.

Biocompatible Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems with Targeting Potential for Autoimmune Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (42) ◽  
pp. 5488-5502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yub Raj Neupane ◽  
Asiya Mahtab ◽  
Lubna Siddiqui ◽  
Archu Singh ◽  
Namrata Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Immunological Tolerance ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Treatment Modalities

Autoimmune diseases are collectively addressed as chronic conditions initiated by the loss of one’s immunological tolerance, where the body treats its own cells as foreigners or self-antigens. These hay-wired antibodies or immunologically capable cells lead to a variety of disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and recently included neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinsonism and testicular cancer triggered T-cells induced autoimmune response in testes and brain. Conventional treatments for autoimmune diseases possess several downsides due to unfavourable pharmacokinetic behaviour of drug, reflected by low bioavailability, rapid clearance, offsite toxicity, restricted targeting ability and poor therapeutic outcomes. Novel nanovesicular drug delivery systems including liposomes, niosomes, proniosomes, ethosomes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes, ufasomes and biologically originated exosomes have proved to possess alluring prospects in supporting the combat against autoimmune diseases. These nanovesicles have revitalized available treatment modalities as they are biocompatible, biodegradable, less immunogenic and capable of carrying high drug payloads to deliver both hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs to specific sites via passive or active targeting. Due to their unique surface chemistry, they can be decorated with physiological or synthetic ligands to target specific receptors overexpressed in different autoimmune diseases and can even cross the blood-brain barrier. This review presents exhaustive yet concise information on the potential of various nanovesicular systems as drug carriers in improving the overall therapeutic efficiency of the dosage regimen for various autoimmune diseases. The role of endogenous exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of autoimmune diseases along with monitoring progress of treatment will also be highlighted.

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