scholarly journals Reliability-Aware Multipath Routing of Time-Triggered Traffic in Time-Sensitive Networks

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Kai Huang ◽  
Xinming Wan ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Jiang ◽  
Junjian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Multipath Routing ◽  
Shortest Path Routing ◽  
Industrial Networks ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Routing Method ◽  
No Wait ◽  
Spatial Redundancy ◽  
Unreliable Links

With the development of industrial networks, the demands for strict timing requirements and high reliability in transmission become more essential, which promote the establishment of a Time-Sensitive Network (TSN). TSN is a set of standards with the intention of extending Ethernet for safety-critical and real-time applications. In general, frame replication is used to achieve fault-tolerance, while the increased load has a negative effect on the schedule synthesis phase. It is necessary to consider schedulability and reliability jointly. In this paper, a heuristic-based routing method is proposed to achieve fault tolerance by spatial redundancy for TSNs containing unreliable links. A cost function is presented to evaluate each routing set, and a heuristic algorithm is applied to find the solution with higher schedulability. Compared to the shortest path routing, our method can improve the reliability and the success rate of no-wait scheduling by 5–15% depending on the scale of topology.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DAN DESA PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafral
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Independent Variable

The independent independent variables in this study as many as 89 respondents are determined by using saturated samples. To know the influence of independent variable to dependent variable partially, used t test. While to know the effect of independent variable to dependent variable simultaneously, used F test. The assumption used in the validity test is if R-count> R-table item is declared valid. The R-arithmetic shown in the table above, from each item indicates that R-arithmetic> R- table so the item is declared valid. Based on the validity test of the instrument of Leadership Style, Work Motivation, and Competence on Employee Performance, all items are declared valid and reliability test results indicate that the instrument has high reliability. This means that the eligibility criteria of the Instrument of Leadership Style, Work Motivation, Competency and Employee Performance have met the criteria of good instrument requirements, that is valid and reliable. The result of regression analysis of Leadership Style obtained by tcount = 20,91 while ttable value = 1,988 tcount> ttable proved variable of Leadership Style influence to Employee Performance. Work Motivation regression analysis obtained tcount = 17.62 while the value ttable = 1.988 tcount> ttabel proven Motivational Work variables influence on Employee Performance. Regression analysis Competence obtained value tcount = - 06.85 while ttable =1.988 so thitung> ttable and proven variable Competence have a negative effect on Employee Performance.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Particle Swarm Optimization Based Multipath Routing in WSN

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Roshni Jha ◽  
Dr. Shivnath Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Shortest Path ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Shortest Paths ◽  
Multipath Routing ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Shortest Path Routing

Wireless Networks includes a larger advantage in today’s communication application like environmental, traffic, military, and health observation. To realize these applications it's necessary to possess a reliable routing protocol. discusses about the working of proposed energy efficient bandwidth aware shortest path routing protocol for multipath routing in wireless sensor network. The proposed algorithm is based for choosing energy efficient shortest path. In routing algorithm, route that have shortest path among multipaths selected by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Among these shortest paths, that path is selected which require minimum route selection parameter. The proposed algorithm uses distance as well as energy of nodes as a parameter to find optimum paths using particle swarm optimization. Among these selected paths, only one optimum path is selected which reduces the energy requirement of the network. According to this work there would be improvement in other parameters also such as end to end delay as well as throughput.

scholarly journals Reliable Fault Tolerant-Based Multipath Routing Model for Industrial Wireless Control Systems

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Hakim Abdulrab ◽  
Fawnizu Azmadi Hussin ◽  
Azrina Abd Aziz ◽  
Azlan Awang ◽  
Idris Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Network Reliability ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Multipath Routing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Backup Node

Communication in industrial wireless networks necessitates reliability and precision. Besides, the existence of interference or traffic in the network must not affect the estimated network properties. Therefore, data packets have to be sent within a certain time frame and over a reliable connection. However, the working scenarios and the characteristics of the network itself make it vulnerable to node or link faults, which impact the transmission reliability and overall performance. This article aims to introduce a developed multipath routing model, which leads to cost-effective planning, low latency and high reliability of industrial wireless mesh networks, such as the WirelessHART networks. The multipath routing model has three primary paths, and each path has a backup node. The backup node stores the data transmitted by the parent node to grant communication continuity when primary nodes fail. The multipath routing model is developed based on optimal network planning and deployment algorithm. Simulations were conducted on a WirelessHART simulator using Network Simulator (NS2). The performance of the developed model is compared with the state-of-the-art. The obtained results reveal a significant reduction in the average network latency, low power consumption, better improvement in expected network lifetime, and enhanced packet delivery ratio which improve network reliability.

scholarly journals A Network Coding-Based Braided Multipath Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Li ◽  
Minda Xu ◽  
Tingxu Liu ◽  
Lei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Coding ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Multipath Routing ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Transmission Reliability ◽  
Link Loss

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficiency can simultaneously guarantee robustness to link loss and node failure and is a key design goal of routing protocols because WSNs are strongly constrained in terms of transmission reliability, transmission delay, and energy consumption. Braided multipath routing has become a powerful tool for tolerating node failures and link losses, with high reliability and efficient data transmission rates. In this paper, we propose a novel network coding-based braided multipath routing called NC-BMR protocol. It integrates a data compression-based network coding method with the construction of hierarchical multiparent nodes (HMPNs) topology for the routing with coordinated data forwarding manner and a multipackets-based time scheduler strategy (MTSS). Its perfect transmission efficiency is achieved by only attaching a little control information with data packets. We validated NC-BMR based on the TOSSIM platform and compared it to several previous methods. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate its performance improvement in terms of the transmission reliability, delay, and overhead.

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