scholarly journals A Data Verification System for CCTV Surveillance Cameras Using Blockchain Technology in Smart Cities

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Khan ◽  
Yung-Cheol Byun ◽  
Namje Park
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Surveillance Cameras ◽  
Cctv Surveillance

The video created by a surveillance cameras plays a crucial role in crime prevention and examinations in smart cities. The closed-circuit television camera (CCTV) is essential for a range of public uses in a smart city; combined with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies they can turn into smart sensors that help to ensure safety and security. However, the authenticity of the camera itself raises issues of building up integrity and suitability of data. In this paper, we present a blockchain-based system to guarantee the trustworthiness of the stored recordings, allowing authorities to validate whether or not a video has been altered. It helps to discriminate fake videos from original ones and to make sure that surveillance cameras are authentic. Since the distributed ledger of the blockchain records the metadata of the CCTV video as well, it is obstructing the chance of forgery of the data. This immutable ledger diminishes the risk of copyright encroachment for law enforcement agencies and clients users by securing possession and identity.

scholarly journals International trends in the interaction between law enforcement bodies in the digital space

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-D) ◽  
pp. 560-565
Author(s):  
Yuri A. Kovtun ◽  
Eduard A. Vinokurov ◽  
Irina Y. Kapustina ◽  
Andrey V. Lagutochkin ◽  
Dmitry V. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Digital Space ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Law Enforcement Agency

The authors substantiate the feasibility of introducing digital technologies into modern law enforcement. The position on the need for normative consolidation of the procedure for the creation and use of international databases of law enforcement agencies based on blockchain technology, and the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies is substantiated. The need for a phased, but offensive implementation of digital technologies in law enforcement is determined. The main task for successful international integration is the complete digitalization of law enforcement within each country and on the basis of uniform standards that will allow all individual law enforcement agencies to be combined into a single international law enforcement agency.

scholarly journals A Novel Combination of Distributed Ledger Technologies on Internet of Things: Use Case on Precision Agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Odysseas Lamtzidis ◽  
Dennis Pettas ◽  
John Gialelis
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Integrity ◽  
Intelligent Decision Making ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Super Node ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Open Source Communities

Internet-of-Things (IoT) is an enabling technology for numerous initiatives worldwide such as manufacturing, smart cities, precision agriculture, and eHealth. The massive field data aggregation of distributed administered IoT devices allows new insights and actionable information for dynamic intelligent decision-making. In such distributed environments, data integrity, referring to reliability and consistency, is deemed insufficient and requires immediate facilitation. In this article, we introduce a distributed ledger (DLT)-based system for ensuring IoT data integrity which securely processes the aggregated field data. Its uniqueness lies in the embedded use of IOTA’s ledger, called “The Tangle”, used to transmit and store the data. Our approach shifts from a cloud-centric IoT system, where the Super nodes simply aggregate and push data to the cloud, to a node-centric system, where each Super node owns the data pushed in a distributed and decentralized database (i.e., the Tangle). The backend serves as a consumer of data and a provider of additional resources, such as administration panel, analytics, data marketplace, etc. The proposed implementation is highly modularand constitutes a significant contribution to the Open Source communities, regarding blockchain and IoT.

Use of blockchain in designing smart city

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surbhi Dewan ◽  
Latika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Wide Range

PurposeA blockchain is a shared distributed ledger technology that stores the information of every transaction in the network. The blockchain has emerged with a huge diversity of applications not only in the economic but in the non-economical domain as well. Blockchain technology promises to provide a wide range of solutions to the problems faced during implementation of smart cities. It has the potential to build smart contracts more secure, thus eliminating the need for centralized authority.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a proof-of-concept for a use case that uses an Ethereum platform to build a blockchain network to buy, sell or rent a property.FindingsThe findings of this study provide an opportunity to create novel decentralized scalable solutions to develop smart cities by enabling paperless transactions. There are enormous opportunities in this distributed ledger technology which will bring a revolutionary change in upcoming years.Originality/valueThe concept of blockchain along with smart contracts can be used as a promising technology for sharing services which is a common requirement in smart cities. All the blockchain transactions are stored in decentralized shared database. The transaction recorded in decentralized system is immutable, it cannot be altered and hence chance of forgery is negligible.

scholarly journals Certain Aspects of the Analysis of Cryptocurrency Transactions during the Prevention and Investigation of Crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
В. В. Носов ◽  
І. А. Манжай
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Current Stage

The analysis of separate tools for the visualization of movement of cryptocurrency values, and also identification of users who carried out the corresponding transactions has been carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of cryptocurrency from the point of view of offenders and law enforcement agencies have been studied. The main directions of using cryptocurrency in a criminal environment have been determined. The current state and perspectives of normative and legal regulation of cryptocurrency in Ukraine have been analyzed. Theoretical principles of cryptocurrency functioning have been studied. The basic concepts used in this area have been revealed. The properties of cryptocurrency have been described. The mechanism of its issuance of guaranteeing pseudo-anonymity while working with cryptocurrency has been outlined. Some features of blockchain technology and formation of cryptocurrency addresses have been revealed. It has been noted that one of the first and most well-known cryptocurrency is bitcoin. The format of bitcoin address presentation has been described. It has been emphasized that bitcoin wallet software can operate with any number of addresses or each address can be served by a separate wallet. The technology of mixing transactions and the method of increasing the anonymity of CoinJoin have been described. The authors have revealed the possibilities of separate services intended for the analysis of cryptocurrency transactions (Maltego, Bitconeview, Bitiodine, OpReturnTool, Blockchain.info, Anyblockanalytics.com, Chainalysis, Elliptic, Ciphertrace, Blockchain Inspector). The process of risk assessment and construction of visual chains of cryptocurrency transactions has been demonstrated on the example of the “Crystal Expert” service. Different types of bitcoin addresses’ holders and risk levels have been described. The main and additional investigation tools used on the “Crystal Expert” platform have been revealed. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors have defined the main tasks for law enforcement agencies at the current stage of development of cryptocurrency. The basic requirements for tools designed for cryptocurrency analysis have been outlined. The authors have suggested some measures of law enforcement agencies’ respond to threats related to cryptocurrency.

scholarly journals Blockchain Technology: A Brief Overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 755-758
Author(s):  
H. R. Vyawahare
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Reputation System ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger

Blockchain technology and distributed ledger has attracted massive attention and has triggered multiple projects in different industries. Blockchain is one of the most important technical invention in the recent years. It serves as an immutable ledger which allows transactions to take place in a decentralized manner. Blockchain based applications are springing up and are covering numerous fields including financial services, reputation system and Internet of Things (IoT), and so on. However, there are still many challenges of blockchain technology such as scalability and security problems waiting to be overcome. This paper presents a comprehensive overview on blockchain technology.

scholarly journals BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN COUNTERING CYBER TERRORISM

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Antonyan ◽  
I. I. Aminov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Cyber Terrorism ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
New Type

In the paper, modern blockchain technologies are called a revolutionary phenomenon, equal in importance to the ingenious invention of the 20th century — the Internet. Originally developed for Bitcoin digital currency and launching the network of the same name, the blockchain technology created a platform for the new type of the Internet, influenced the decentralization of the Network according to the distributed registry principle, and began to be used in various types and combinations for various purposes, including cybersecurity. The paper argues that the use of blockchain technology to ensure cybersecurity is infinite due to such unique properties as reliability, accessibility, high adaptability, economic efficiency, profitability. The use of blockchain technologies to combat cybercrime, including cyberterrorism, may extend to control over financial services, transportation or any other industry. However, the growth of criminal activity using the blockchain technology will also be enhanced if the law enforcement agencies are not technologically competent, can detect these developing centers, determine their actions and destroy plans at a faster pace.

Concept of Blockchain Technology and Its Emergence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Padmavathi U. ◽  
Narendran Rajagopalan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Blockchain refers to a distributed ledger technology that helps people to regulate and manage their information without any intermediaries. This technology emerges as a promising panacea for authentication and authorization with potential for use in every possible domain including financial, manufacturing, educational institutions, etc. Blockchain has its birth through the concept of Bitcoin, a digital cryptocurrency by Satoshi Nakamoto, called as Blockchain 1.0. Blockchain 2.0 came into existence in 2014 with Ethereum and smart contracts. The challenges such as scalability, interoperability, sustainability, and governance led to the next generation of Blockchain also called as IOTA, a blockchainless cryptocurrency for the internet of things runs on the top of their own ledger called Tangle, which is immune towards quantum computers. This disruptive technology evolved to provide cross chain support and more security through Blockchain 4.0. Finally, the chapter concludes by discussing the various applications of this technology and its advantages and security issues.

scholarly journals Enhancing camera surveillance using computer vision: a research note

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Idrees ◽  
Mubarak Shah ◽  
Ray Surette
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surveillance Camera ◽  
Surveillance Cameras ◽  
Computer Vision Technology ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The growth of police operated surveillance cameras has out-paced the ability of humans to monitor them effectively. Computer vision is a possible solution. An ongoing research project on the application of computer vision within a municipal police department is described. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Following the demystification of computer vision technology, its potential for police agencies is developed within a focus on computer vision as a solution for two common surveillance camera tasks (live monitoring of multiple surveillance cameras and summarizing archived video files). Three unaddressed research questions (can specialized computer vision applications for law enforcement be developed at this time, how will computer vision be utilized within existing public safety camera monitoring rooms, and what are the system-wide impacts of a computer vision capability on local criminal justice systems) are considered. Findings Despite computer vision becoming accessible to law enforcement agencies the impact of computer vision has not been discussed or adequately researched. There is little knowledge of computer vision or its potential in the field. Originality/value This paper introduces and discusses computer vision from a law enforcement perspective and will be valuable to police personnel tasked with monitoring large camera networks and considering computer vision as a system upgrade.

scholarly journals A Review of Blockchain in Internet of Things and AI

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany F. Atlam ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Azad ◽  
Ahmed G. Alzahrani ◽  
Gary Wills
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Impact

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a new technology that enables both virtual and physical objects to be connected and communicate with each other, and produce new digitized services that improve our quality of life. The IoT system provides several advantages, however, the current centralized architecture introduces numerous issues involving a single point of failure, security, privacy, transparency, and data integrity. These challenges are an obstacle in the way of the future developments of IoT applications. Moving the IoT into one of the distributed ledger technologies may be the correct choice to resolve these issues. Among the common and popular types of distributed ledger technologies is the blockchain. Integrating the IoT with blockchain technology can bring countless benefits. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive discussion of integrating the IoT system with blockchain technology. After providing the basics of the IoT system and blockchain technology, a thorough review of integrating the blockchain with the IoT system is presented by highlighting benefits of the integration and how the blockchain can resolve the issues of the IoT system. Then, the blockchain as a service for the IoT is presented to show how various features of blockchain technology can be implemented as a service for various IoT applications. This is followed by discussing the impact of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) on both IoT and blockchain. In the end, future research directions of IoT with blockchain are presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document