scholarly journals Multiple Benefits through Smart Home Energy Management Solutions—A Simulation-Based Case Study of a Single-Family-House in Algeria and Germany

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ringel ◽  
Laidi ◽  
Djenouri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Home Energy Management ◽  
Global And Local

From both global and local perspectives, there are strong reasons to promote energy efficiency. These reasons have prompted leaders in the European Union (EU) and countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) to adopt policies to move their citizenry toward more efficient energy consumption. Energy efficiency policy is typically framed at the national, or transnational level. Policy makers then aim to incentivize microeconomic actors to align their decisions with macroeconomic policy. We suggest another path towards greater energy efficiency: Highlighting individual benefits at microeconomic level. By simulating lighting, heating and cooling operations in a model single-family home equipped with modest automation, we show that individual actors can be led to pursue energy efficiency out of enlightened self-interest. We apply simple-to-use, easily, scalable impact indicators that can be made available to homeowners and serve as intrinsic economic, environmental and social motivators for pursuing energy efficiency. The indicators reveal tangible homeowner benefits realizable under both the market-based pricing structure for energy in Germany and the state-subsidized pricing structure in Algeria. Benefits accrue under both the continental climate regime of Germany and the Mediterranean regime of Algeria, notably in the case that cooling energy needs are considered. Our findings show that smart home technology provides an attractive path for advancing energy efficiency goals. The indicators we assemble can help policy makers both to promote tangible benefits of energy efficiency to individual homeowners, and to identify those investments of public funds that best support individual pursuit of national and transnational energy goals.

The Effects of Occupancy and Solar Energy on Homes in the Pacific Northwest Constructed According to Improved Thermal Standards

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Heerwagen ◽  
K. Nicoliasen ◽  
A. F. Emery
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Occupant Behavior ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The Pacific

Abstract The space heating energy needed during the winter heating season in Seattle Washington, USA, was monitored over a 15 year period, 1987–2002. Single family residence houses were constructed to building code standards in force at the time of construction and two more to standards calling for envelopes with improved thermal resistance. Although space conditioning energy needs are strongly affected by occupant behavior, simulations generally ignore the temporal occupant behavior in estimating the energy needed for heating and cooling. Vigorous conservation tactics, which produce a thermal response that is highly transient, can lead to substantially different energy needs. No correlation could be established from the measured space heating when aggressive conservation made use of thermostat setback at every opportunity. In this paper we investigate the effects of occupant behavior and the effect of temporal solar heating of walls in the Seattle area for improved thermal construction.

scholarly journals Analysis of heat source selection for residential buildings in rural areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 02034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Szul
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Output Capacity ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The Mean

The research aiming to check whether the output of currently installed boilers matches the use requirements together with estimation of their energy efficiency was carried out on a group of 84 single-family residential buildings located in rural areas. Heating and hot water energy needs were calculated for each building in order to determine the use requirements. This enabled verification whether the currently installed boilers match the actual use requirements in the buildings. Based on the calculations it was determined that the designed average boiler output in the group of buildings subject to analysis is 15.7 kW, whereas the mean rated output capacity of boilers installed therein is 25.4 kW. On average, the output capacity of the installed boilers exceeds the use requirements for the buildings by 60%. To calculate the energy efficiency of boilers, the mean annual boiler output capacity use coefficient was determined. For boilers selected on the basis of standard calculations, the mean coefficient is 0.47. For boilers currently in use it is 0.31, less than the above figure. The above calculations show that if boilers were correctly selected in compliance to the building needs, then the average estimated seasonal efficiency of 65% would be feasible. However, in the current state the achievable efficiency is approx. 55%.

scholarly journals HEMS-IoT: A Big Data and Machine Learning-Based Smart Home System for Energy Saving

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Machorro-Cano ◽  
Giner Alor-Hernández ◽  
Mario Andrés Paredes-Valverde ◽  
Lisbeth Rodríguez-Mazahua ◽  
José Luis Sánchez-Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Home Energy Management

Energy efficiency has aroused great interest in research worldwide, because energy consumption has increased in recent years, especially in the residential sector. The advances in energy conversion, along with new forms of communication, and information technologies have paved the way for what is now known as smart homes. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the convergence of various heterogeneous technologies from different application domains that are used to interconnect things through the Internet, thus allowing for the detection, monitoring, and remote control of multiple devices. Home automation systems (HAS) combined with IoT, big data technologies, and machine learning are alternatives that promise to contribute to greater energy efficiency. This work presents HEMS-IoT, a big data and machine learning-based smart home energy management system for home comfort, safety, and energy saving. We used the J48 machine learning algorithm and Weka API to learn user behaviors and energy consumption patterns and classify houses with respect to energy consumption. Likewise, we relied on RuleML and Apache Mahout to generate energy-saving recommendations based on user preferences to preserve smart home comfort and safety. To validate our system, we present a case study where we monitor a smart home to ensure comfort and safety and reduce energy consumption.

Analysis of Energy and Internal Environment Improvements in a Single Family House

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kamenský ◽  
Anna Vaskova ◽  
Marián Vertaľ
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Family House

The next step in energy efficiency building design focus on near energy zero buildings. To design such buildings is important to understand how people use low energy building and to find reserves in energy. The paper presents an analysis of reserves in a family house. The analysis is done with simulations of different design and operation solutions based on knowledge from in situ measurements. Results show there are reserves in the heating and cooling period of year, which can lead to further energy savings of up to 15% and internal environment improvements.

scholarly journals Industrial Energy Efficiency Towards Green Deal Transition. Case of Latvia.

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-57
Author(s):  
Kristaps Locmelis ◽  
Andra Blumberga ◽  
Uldis Bariss ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga ◽  
Lauma Balode
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Unit ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policy ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Energy Efficiency Targets ◽  
Industrial Energy Efficiency

Abstract Energy efficiency policy has been one of the European Union top priorities for decades and will continue to play a vital role in the next 10 years with the introduction of The Clean energy for all Europeans. Likewise, in Latvia energy efficiency has been given high priority; however, the energy efficiency targets for industry has lacked ambitions. This research focuses on evaluating the Latvian industrial energy efficiency policy using top-down approach and benchmarking energy intensity of Latvian industry to the average of the European Union’s. Results confirm that on average Latvian industry consumes 2.6 times more energy to produce the same amount of value added compared to the average in the European Union; however, every saved energy unit in Latvia would save twice less CO2 emissions considering already largely decarbonized energy mix. In the spotlights of the Green Deal proposed by the European Commission, much higher contribution in terms of CO2 reduction and energy efficiency will be expected from the industry. Nevertheless, energy efficiency targets for Latvian industry should be sector-specific, separately addressing CO2 intensive sectors, and non-intensive CO2 sectors with low added value.

scholarly journals The Impact of Building Orientation on Energy Consumption in a Domestic House in Desert Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1087-1096
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Small House ◽  
Energy Gains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desert Climate

Morocco has set the goal of introducing new methods of construction and positioning among the leaders in the African continent in the field of renewable energy and sustainable buildings, efforts are therefore focused on developing an energy efficiency policy. Orientation is one of the key factors that impact building’s energy consumption, it’s a very important factor to consider in order to avoid summer overheating and limit winter losses. The purpose of this scientific article is to study the impact of the orientation of a house on its annual energy needs in terms of heating and cooling essentially, but also its internal and solar energy gains and its losses in relation with infiltration, transmission and ventilation. In this regard, simulations were carried out with eight different possible orientations on a small house, located in one geographical area known by its desert climate. The final purpose is to determine the suitable orientation for dwellings in this geographical area for energy saving while guaranteeing the thermal comfort. Based on our analysis, it was revealed that a well-orientated house can save a considerable amount of energy throughout its life cycle.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Performance of a Ground-to-Air Heat Exchanger in Different Ventilation Scenarios in a Single-Family Home in a Climate Characterized by Cold Winters and Hot Summers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Aldona Skotnicka-Siepsiak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Real World ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Family Home ◽  
Cooling Loads

In the present study, the real-world performance of a ground-to-air heat exchanger (GAHE) was analyzed in the Polish climate which is characterized by warm summers and cold winters. The heat exchanger’s performance was monitored over a period of three years (2017 to 2019), and real-world conditions were compared with a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY). The aim of the study was to assess the exchanger’s energy-efficiency potential in various ventilation scenarios in a single-family home under variable real-world conditions, rather than to simply determine its heating and cooling capacity. The analyzed single-family home was a modern, single-story building with a usable floor area of 115 m2. The building’s thermal insulation and airtightness met stringent energy-efficiency standards. Energy consumption in a building equipped with a natural ventilation system was compared with three other scenarios: ventilation coupled with a GAHE, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery and a high-efficiency heat exchanger (HE), and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery coupled with a GAHE. Sensible heating and cooling loads were calculated based on standard ISO 13790:2008, and latent heating and cooling loads were also included in the energy balance. During the year, the GAHE generated around 257.6 W of heating energy per hour and 124.7 W of cooling energy per hour. Presented results can be used to select the optimal HVAC system scenarios for engineering projects as well as private investors.

scholarly journals METHODS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY SAVING IN THE SMART HOME SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
K. BOBROVNIKOVA ◽  
◽  
E. TOVSTUKHA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Life Support ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

Today, the efficient use of energy resources is one of the most important tasks. The fastest growing sector of energy consumption in the world is electricity, which is projected to grow by 56% by 2035, and in developed countries almost all the growth is due to the generation and consumption of electricity and heat. Further growth of energy consumption by the population is also expected. At the same time, almost a third of the total energy consumption is made up of certain losses, ie energy is consumed for other purposes. Against the background of global growth in energy consumption, the rate of further accumulation of CO2 emissions will increase. That is why the European Union, United Nations bodies, international financial organizations and the International Energy Agency give priority to energy efficiency issues. To this end, a set of mechanisms and practical tools for economic stimulation of measures to implement modern energy-saving technologies is used at the international level. Smart home is a system for managing the basic life support processes of both small systems (commercial, office premises, apartments, cottages) and large automated complexes (commercial and industrial complexes). One of the important tasks to be solved by the concept of a modern smart home is the problem of energy efficiency and energy saving. Effective control of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, more efficient use of traditional appliances and the introduction of energy-efficient equipment in the building are important to ensure productive, healthy and safe work and life of residents, play an important role in preventing energy loss and reduce impact on the environment. In addition, improving the efficiency of energy management is the only approach to ensuring the energy efficiency and energy saving of many existing buildings that cannot be upgraded according to the requirements of modern construction technologies. The paper presents an overview of modern methods and technologies aimed at ensuring energy efficiency and energy saving in the smart home system.

scholarly journals Unintended Effects of Energy Efficiency Policy: Lessons Learned in the Residential Sector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7792
Author(s):  
Andra Blumberga ◽  
Gatis Bazbauers ◽  
Selina Vancane ◽  
Ivars Ijabs ◽  
Jurijs Nikisins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policy

The European Union has set an ambitious goal to tackle climate change, and energy efficiency in the residential sector is among the measures required to close the gap between targeted and actual greenhouse gas emissions. While different policy tools have been applied, the diffusion rate of these measures remains low. A system dynamics simulation model of the residential sector was developed to assess the advantages and drawbacks of energy efficiency policy in the multi-family building sector based on experience accumulated over the last twelve years in Latvia. The model was validated in expert group model building sessions and with historical trends. Simulating the model, a hypothesis was tested that supported the idea that seemingly positive policy tools set the stage for a series of unintended adverse effects due to the complex interactions between different system components. The common assumption that information and financial support should result in significant energy efficiency diffusion proved to be wrong. It instead results in unintended long-term consequences that hamper national energy efficiency goals. The model carried out an analysis and brought insights for improving the effectiveness of government energy efficiency policy. It is concluded that models that broadly describe complex systems are needed to identify effective policies and foresee unintended side effects.

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