scholarly journals Analysis of the Effect of Using External Venetian Blinds on the Thermal Comfort of Users of Highly Glazed Office Rooms in a Transition Season of Temperate Climate—Case Study

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak ◽  
Katarzyna Nowak ◽  
Marcin Furtak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Clothing Insulation ◽  
Transition Season ◽  
Venetian Blinds ◽  
Research Task ◽  
Office Rooms

Improving the energy efficiency of buildings is among the most urgent social development tasks due to the scale of energy consumption in this industry. At the same time, it is essential to meet high requirements for indoor environmental quality and thermal comfort. The issue of overheating is most often analysed in summer but it also occurs in transition seasons, when the cooling systems do not operate. The paper attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of external mobile shading elements on the microclimate of rooms with large glazed areas in the transition season. Passive solutions, such as shading elements, which limit the increase of indoor temperature, do not always allow the acquisition and maintenance of comfortable solutions for the duration of the season, as demonstrated by the authors. Temporary cooling of the rooms may be necessary to maintain comfortable conditions for the users, or other solutions should be devised to improve comfort (e.g., reduction of clothing insulation characteristics). The novelty of the study consists in the analysis of comfort in a “nearly zero energy consumption” building (NZEB) during a period not analyzed by other scientists. This is a transition period during which heating/cooling systems do not operate. The research task set by the authors involved the assessment of the possibility to reduce office space overheating in the transition season (spring) by using external shading equipment in rooms with large glazed areas. An additional research task aimed at checking the extent to which user behaviour, such as reduction in clothing insulation characteristics, can improve comfort in overheated rooms. The results of the tests reveal that the difference in the ambient air temperature between a room with external venetian blinds and an identical room with no venetian blinds in the transition season, i.e., from 27 March to 6 April 2017, ranged from 12.3 to 2.1 °C. The use of a shading system (external venetian blinds positioned at an angle of 45°) reduced the number of discomfort hours by 92% (during working hours) compared to the room without external venetian blinds. A reduction in the thermal insulation of the clothes worn by people working in the room with no venetian blinds helped to reduce the number of discomfort hours by 31%.

scholarly journals RELASI KENYAMANAN TERMAL DAN KONSUMSI ENERGI LISTRIK WARD DI WILAYAH TROPIS LEMBAP

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Yuyus Mulia ◽  
Tri Harso Karyono ◽  
Kamal A Arif
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Tropical Regions

<p>Penelitian kenyamanan termal pada  <em>ward</em>  (bangunan rawat inap rumah sakit) belum banyak dilakukan. Isu pokok penelitian ini  mencakup aspek kenyamanan termal dan aspek konsumsi energi listrik <em>ward</em> di wilayah tropis lembap. Tujuan penelitian ini mengungkap relasi tingkat kenyamanan  termal dan tingkat konsumsi energi listrik <em>ward</em> di wilayah tropis lembap. Metoda penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 11  unit <em>ward</em> (5 unit di dataran rendah/ wilayah Cirebon dan 6  unit di dataran tinggi/ wilayah Bandung – Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia); jumlah responden 1099 orang (500 orang berada di kelompok <em>ward</em> dataran rendah, dan 599 orang di kelompok <em>ward</em> dataran tinggi).  Peralatan yang digunakan untuk mendata kondisi parameter iklim dan pilihan sensasi termal pengguna <em>ward</em> adalah pengukur dan perekam digital <em>Heat Index WBGT Meter-Model WBGT-2010SD ex Lutron</em> dan <em>Anemometer-Model AM-4222 ex Lutron</em>, serta formulir survey. Uji statistik dan analisa regresi linier terhadap data yang diperoleh, menunjukkan hasil: pada <em>ward</em> dataran rendah dengan temperatur udara lingkungan berkisar 23.4 – 37.2°C;  tingkat  kenyamanan termalnya 29.2°C dan  tingkat konsumsi energi listriknya berkisar 62 kWh/m2/th. Sementara pada <em>ward</em> dataran tinggi dengan  temperatur udara lingkungan berkisar 18.4 – 32.2°C;  tingkat kenyamanan termalnya 27.4°C dan tingkat konsumsi energi listriknya berkisar 49 kWh/m2/th.  Kesimpulan; pada <em>ward</em> di wilayah tropis lembap ditemukan adanya fakta relasi sebagai berikut: semakin tinggi temperatur udara lingkungannya,  semakin tinggi tingkat kenyamanan termalnya, dan semakin tinggi pula jumlah konsumsi energi listriknya.</p><p> </p><p>Kata Kunci: Kenyamanan termal, konsumsi energi listrik, ward, tropis lembab</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Research on thermal comfort in the ward (hospital inpatient building) has not been widely carried out. The main issues of this study include aspects of thermal comfort and aspects of ward electrical energy consumption in humid tropical regions. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relation between thermal comfort level and ward electrical energy consumption level in humid tropical regions. This research method is quantitative with a sample of 11 ward units (5 units in the lowland / Cirebon region and 6 units in the highlands / Bandung area - West Java Province, Indonesia); the number of respondents is 1099 people (500 people are in the lowland ward group, and 599 people in the highland ward group). The equipment used to record climate parameter conditions and the choice of thermal sensations for ward users is the WBGT-2010SD Model Heat Index WBGT Meter and digital recorder ex Lutron and Anemometer-Model AM-4222 ex Lutron, as well as survey forms. Statistical tests and linear regression analysis of the data obtained showed results: in the lowland ward with ambient air temperature ranging from 23.4 - 37.2 ° C; the lowest level of comfort is 29.2 ° C and the level of electricity consumption is around 62 kWh / m2 / year. While in the highland ward with environmental air temperatures ranging from 18.4 - 32.2 ° C; the lowest level of comfort is 27.4 ° C and the level of electricity consumption is around 49 kWh / m2 / year. Conclusion; In the ward in the humid tropics, the facts of the relationship are as follows: the higher the air temperature of the environment, the higher the level of thermal comfort, and the higher the amount of electricity consumption.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: thermal comfort, electrical energy consumption, ward, humid tropical</p>

scholarly journals A Review of Underground Soil and Night Sky as Passive Heat Sink: Design Configurations and Models

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachana Vidhi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Radiative Cooling ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Night Sky

Energy consumption for heating and cooling constitute the majority of the energy use for building loads. Using passive cooling systems to reduce the energy consumption or to make the process more efficient can be very beneficial. Ground coupled heat exchangers and night sky radiative cooling systems have been used for centuries to achieve cooling and ice making. Ground coupled heat exchangers use the temperature difference between underground soil and ambient air or water for heat transfer between the soil and the fluid passing through buried pipes. Night sky radiative cooling takes advantage of the night sky as the coldest heat sink available for heat transfer with any surface. Use of these simple designs with the modern cooling/heating systems has the potential for a major impact on the heating and cooling needs. This review paper describes the various designs, configurations and applications of these systems as well as determining the parameters that impact their performance.

scholarly journals Hygrothermal Performance of Worship Spaces: Preservation, Comfort, and Energy Consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Muñoz-González ◽  
Ángel León-Rodríguez ◽  
Rafael Suárez Medina ◽  
Catherine Teeling
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Environmental Conditioning ◽  
Hygrothermal Performance ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Conservation Conflict ◽  
Current Energy

The energy problem, one the most important on a global scale, greatly affects the environment. Much of the current energy consumption occurs in existing buildings, including heritage buildings with varying protected status. Energy intervention and heritage conservation conflict to some extent, as research focuses more on the search for improved energy efficiency solutions for materials and systems than on their application to heritage buildings. This study describes experimental research on environmental conditioning techniques in spaces of worship in a temperate climate in southern Spain. Buildings were monitored and assessed in the implementation of different environmental techniques—active and combined (passive and active)—with the aim of improving the thermal comfort conditions of the faithful while preserving the cultural heritage of these buildings. The need for a control system of RH and the air system was concluded, as well as radiant floors and radiators, which, in the considered case studies, would barely affect the artworks. 24- and 12-h operation are better suited to heritage preservation than occasional use. All operation schedules are valid for thermal comfort.

scholarly journals Seasonal Performance Analysis of Three Air Cooling Systems for School Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
María Jesús Romero-Lara ◽  
Francisco Comino ◽  
Manuel Ruiz de Adana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Direct Expansion ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Seasonal Performance ◽  
Evaporative Cooler ◽  
Conventional Systems

Efficient air cooling systems for hot climatic conditions, such as southern Europe, are required. Regenerative indirect evaporative cooler (RIEC) and desiccant regenerative indirect evaporative cooler (DRIEC) could be interesting alternatives to direct expansion conventional systems (DX). The main objective of this work was to evaluate the seasonal performance of three air cooling systems in terms of thermal comfort, ventilation and energy consumption. DRIEC was the recommended system to serve a standard classroom in terms of thermal comfort and RIEC in terms of ventilation and energy consumption.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH TIPE INTERNAL SHADING SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENDINGINAN PASIF PADA BANGUNAN

BANGUNAN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Cynthia Permata Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Cooling Strategy ◽  
Venetian Blinds ◽  
Building Cooling ◽  
Venetian Blind

Abstrak: Strategi pendinginan pasif pada bangunan menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam memperoleh kenyamanan termal dengan meminimalkan konsumsi energi pendinginan bangunan. Posisi Indonesia yang dilewati oleh garis khatulistiwa mengakibatkan terjadinya penyinaran matahari sepanjang tahun. Hal ini memerlukan sebuah perlakuan khusus terhadap bukaan pada fasad bangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan melihat pengaruh tipe internal shading pada interior bangunan terhadap variabel solar gain bangunan. penggunaan tipe shading berupa venetian blind, roller shades dan drapes akan diaplikasikan pada bangunan. hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa penggunaan roller shades mampu menurunkan level solar gain sebesar 55 persen. Sedangkan penggunaan venetian blinds dan drapes memberikan hasil penurunan sebesar 31 persen dan 25 persen. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan roller shades memberikan hasil yang cukup efektif dalam menurunkan solar gain pada bangunan.Kata-kata kunci: pendinginan pasif, internal shading, solar gainAbstract: Passive cooling strategy in buildings is an alternative in obtaining thermal comfort by minimizing building cooling energy consumption. The position of Indonesia, which is crossed by the equator, results in solar radiation throughout the year. This requires a special treatment of openings in the facade of the building. This study aims to analyze and see the effect of the type of internal shading on the interior of the building on the variable solar gain of the building. the use of shading types in the form of venetian blinds, roller shades and drapes will be applied to the building. the results of this study found that the use of roller shades was able to reduce the level of solar gain by 55 percent. Meanwhile, the use of venetian blinds and drapes resulted in a decrease of 31 percent and 25 percent, respectively. From this research, it can be concluded that the use of roller shades gives quite effective results in reducing solar gain in buildings.Keywords: passive cooling, internal shading, solar gain

scholarly journals Seasonal Analysis Comparison of Three Air-Cooling Systems in Terms of Thermal Comfort, Air Quality and Energy Consumption for School Buildings in Mediterranean Climates

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4436
Author(s):  
María Jesús Romero-Lara ◽  
Francisco Comino ◽  
Manuel Ruiz de Adana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Climate Zones

Efficient air-cooling systems for hot climatic conditions, such as Southern Europe, are required in the context of nearly Zero Energy Buildings, nZEB. Innovative air-cooling systems such as regenerative indirect evaporative coolers, RIEC and desiccant regenerative indirect evaporative coolers, DRIEC, can be considered an interesting alternative to direct expansion air-cooling systems, DX. The main aim of the present work was to evaluate the seasonal performance of three air-cooling systems in terms of air quality, thermal comfort and energy consumption in a standard classroom. Several annual energy simulations were carried out to evaluate these indexes for four different climate zones in the Mediterranean area. The simulations were carried out with empirically validated models. The results showed that DRIEC and DX improved by 29.8% and 14.6% over RIEC regarding thermal comfort, for the warmest climatic conditions, Lampedusa and Seville. However, DX showed an energy consumption three and four times higher than DRIEC for these climatic conditions, respectively. RIEC provided the highest percentage of hours with favorable indoor air quality for all climate zones, between 46.3% and 67.5%. Therefore, the air-cooling systems DRIEC and RIEC have a significant potential to reduce energy consumption, achieving the user’s thermal comfort and improving indoor air quality.

Evaluating Thermal Performance and Energy Conservation Potential of Hybrid Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger in Hot and Dry Climate—In Situ Measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Misra ◽  
Vikas Bansal ◽  
Ghanshyam Das Agarwal ◽  
Jyotirmay Mathur ◽  
Tarun Aseri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Active Cooling

Earth air tunnel heat exchanger is a passive cooling device with advantageous feature to reduce energy consumption in buildings. Curtailing the electricity consumption of conventional vapor compression system based air-conditioner is a major concern especially in area with hot and dry weather conditions. The performance of conventional air-conditioners can substantially be enhanced by coupling these active cooling systems with passive cooling systems. In the present research, the thermal performance and energy conservation potential of hybrid cooling system has been investigated experimentally. An attempt has been made to enhance the thermal performance of active cooling system by coupling it with earth air tunnel heat exchanger (EATHE) in two different hybrid modes. The air which comes out of EATHE is relatively cooler than the ambient air and therefore can be used either for cooling the condenser tubes of a conventional window type air-conditioner or supplying it directly to the room being conditioned. The energy consumption of conventional 1.5TR window type air conditioner is found to be reduced by 16.11% when cold air from EATHE is completely used for condenser cooling.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort and Energy Consumption Using Different Radiant Heating/Cooling Systems in a Modern Office Building

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Ema Nemethova ◽  
Werner Stutterecker ◽  
Thomas Schoberer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Representative Office ◽  
Normative Criteria ◽  
Portable Sensor

Abstract The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential of enhancing thermal comfort and energy consumption created by three different radiant systems in the newly-built Energetikum office building. A representative office, Simulation room 1/1, was selected from 6 areas equipped with portable sensor groups for the indoor environment monitoring. The presented data obtained from 3 reference weeks; the heating, transition and cooling periods indicate overheating, particularly during the heating and transition period. The values of the indoor air temperature during the heating and transition period could not meet the normative criteria according to standard EN 15251:2007 (cat. II.) for 15-30% of the time intervals evaluated. Consequently, a simulation model of the selected office was created and points to the possibilities of improving the control system, which can lead to an elimination of the problem with overheating. Three different radiant systems - floor heating/ cooling, a thermally active ceiling, and a near-surface thermally active ceiling were implemented in the model. A comparison of their effects on thermal comfort and energy consumption is presented in the paper.

scholarly journals An overview on passive cooling systems in green building architectures

2019 ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Jani DB
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Passive Cooling Systems ◽  
The Impact

The continuous progressive demand of building construction raises many issues regarding supply of high grade electricity. It creates many environmental issues for its production like as global warming. So, the passive cooling buildings were welcomed to respond variable climate in order to reduce energy supply for thermal comfort as well as health of building users. The aim of designing a passive building is to take best advantage of the regional outdoor ambient conditions. Passive cooling refers to a building architectural approach that mainly goal on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a architectural structure in order to ameliorate the indoor thermal comfort with low or nil energy consumption. Passive cooling systems use non-mechanical methods to sustain a comfortable indoor temperature and are a main aim in extenuating the impact of buildings on the regional environment. The energy consumption in buildings is very much with the anticipation to further increase because of improving standards of leaving and the increase of industrialization. The use of HVAC in building has exponentially rises over the past few decades and quite enough to contribute in the enormous use of high grade electrical energy consumption. This paper reviews various passive cooling techniques used in the green building and their role in providing thermal comfort and its significance in energy conservation with the help of architectural interventions.

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