scholarly journals Removal of Cu (II) from Industrial Wastewater Using Mechanically Activated Serpentinite

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2228
Author(s):  
Petros Petrounias ◽  
Aikaterini Rogkala ◽  
Panagiota P. Giannakopoulou ◽  
Paraskevi Lampropoulou ◽  
Petros Koutsovitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Ultramafic Rock ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Pit Lakes ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Acidic Wastewater ◽  
Toxic Load

We investigate with this study the effectiveness of mechanically activated serpentinite in capturing Cu (II) from the multi-constituent acidic wastewater of the pit lakes of the Agios Philippos mine (Greece), proposing specific areas with serpentinites suitable for such environmental applications. For this purpose ultramafic rock samples that are characterized by variable degrees of serpentinization from ophiolitic outcrops exposed in the regions of Veria-Naousa and Edessa have been examined regarding their capacity to remove the toxic load of Cu (II) from wastewater after having been mechanically activated through a Los Angeles (LA) machine (500, 1000 and 1500 revolutions). The more serpentinized and mechanically activated samples, as they have been characterized after a combination of various mineralogical, petrographic, geochemical analyses as well as after different stresses of abrasion and attrition, seem to be more effective in Cu removal than the less serpentinized ones. Selective removal of Cu (II) in the wroewolfeite phase was obtained by using the mechanically activated highly serpentinized ultramafic rocks. Furthermore, areas with highly serpentinized ultramafic rocks defined after petrographic mapping, using GIS method, which can potentially be used as filters for the effective Cu (II) removal from industrial wastewater are suggested.

Selective removal and recovery of phosphate in a novel fixed-bed process

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongye Zhao ◽  
Arup K. Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Chelating Polymer ◽  
Efficient Regeneration ◽  
Polymeric Ligand ◽  
Removal And Recovery

This paper reports salient features of a new fixed-bed sorption process in regard to ultimate removal and recovery of phosphate from municipal and industrial wastewater. The sorbent, referred to as polymeric ligand exchanger(PLE), is essentially a copper(II) loaded specialty chelating polymer. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated that the PLE: can remove phosphate selectively from municipal and synthetic wastewater; is amenable to efficient regeneration; and provides opportunities to recover phosphate and reuse the spent regenerant for multiple numbers of cycles.

scholarly journals Mineralogy and genesis of the Ni–Co lateritic regolith deposit of the Çaldağ area (Manisa, western Anatolia), Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cahit Helvacı ◽  
Tolga Oyman ◽  
İbrahim Gündoğan ◽  
Hasan Sözbilir ◽  
Osman Parlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Geochemical Analyses

The Çaldağ Ni–Co deposit is characterized by a reddish brown oxide lateritic regolith, containing residual Ni deposit formed by the intense tropical weathering of peridotites. Nickel–Co ore is associated with transported ferricrete during the late Paleocene – middle Eocene, represented by colloform Fe oxides and residual lateritization during the Oligocene. The lateritic regoliths are developed over dunitic ultramafic rocks and consist mainly of smectite, berthierine, kaolinite, gypsum, pyrite, takovite, and pecoraite. These units were examined using polarized-light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and geochemical methods. Mineralogical zonation from the base of the profile upwards has the following zones: ultramafic bedrocks, serpentinized ultramafic rocks (saprock), saprolite, carbonate- and sulfide-bearing zone, ferruginous saprolite zone, and silcrete. In addition, Fe oxides, smectite and opal-CT, and quartz increase towards the surface, whereas olivine, pyroxene, and serpentine decrease upwards in response to chemical weathering. Nickel–Co mineralization associated with Fe oxides and smectitic clays formed under wet and dry conditions, respectively, as a result of an increased Fe2O3 + Al2O3 + Ni + Co/MgO ratio. Field observations and mineralogical and geochemical analyses reveal that the smectite formed under basic conditions was controlled by multistage chemical weathering of ultramafic and volcanic rocks and by the concentrations of Si, Al, Fe, and Mg. Locally, concentrations of S in conjunction with Fe and Ca resulted in precipitation of goethite–hematite, gypsum, and pyrite in dissolution voids in association with smectite under acidic conditions that developed in a well-drained system.

An ultramafic rock in the precambrian of eastern Sinai

1978 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Beyth ◽  
H. Grunhagen ◽  
A. Zilberfarb
Keyword(s):  
Ultramafic Rock ◽  
First Record ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks

SummaryTwo small outcrops of harzburgite and asbestos-bearing serpentinite, occurring S of Di Zahav in eastern Sinai are the first record of ultramafic rocks from the Sinai Precambrian massif.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ultramafic Rocks Weathering Level in Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Using the Magnetic Susceptibility Parameter

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Jahidin ◽  
LO. Ngkoimani ◽  
LM. Iradat Salihin ◽  
Hasria ◽  
Erzam S. Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Ultramafic Rock ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Weathering Process

The Konawe region is part of the Sulawesi Southeast Arm ophiolite belt where ultramafic rocks are exposed in the form of dunite and peridotite. The formation of nickel deposits is closely related to the weathering process of ultramafic rocks as a source rock. Ultramafic rocks exposed to the surface will experience weathering which is influenced by many factors, including in the form of climate change, topography, and existing geological structures. The weathering process in the source rock can influence variations in chemical elements and magnetic properties in laterite soil profiles. For example, the chemical weathering might affect magnetic mineralogy and the physical weathering could affect granulometry as well as the quantity of magnetic minerals in the soil. Condition of weathering of ultramafic rocks (initial, moderate and advanced) can affect nickel content in laterite sediments. The weathering profile study of serpentine mineral is an indication of the lateralization process that occurs in ultramafic rocks and is carried out through petrographic analysis of thin cuts and polish cuts. Determination of weathering level like this is based on the level of weathering of the mineral serpentine. In this study, the determination of the weathering level of ultramafic rocks (initial, moderate, and continued) uses magnetic susceptibility parameter. A total of 232 ultramafic rock core samples obtained from 34 hand samples were taken from different places and weathered levels were analyzed. The results of the research have shown that the magnetic susceptibility of ultramafic rocks in the study area varies, from 580 x 10-6 SI to 4.724 x 10-6 SI. Based on the value of magnetic susceptibility, magnetic minerals contained in ultramafic rock samples are hematite and geotite minerals. This means that the weathering level of ultramafic rock samples is the continued weathering level. The level of continued weathering that occurs in ultramafic rocks in the study area produces nickel laterite deposits with a nickel content of 1.65 - 2.40% in the saprolite zone, 0.42% in the saprock zone, and 0.20 - 0.51% in the basic rock zone (bedrock).

scholarly journals Geology and Petrology of Omzha Block, Zhob Ophiolite, northern Balochistan, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Ishaq Kakar ◽  
Abdul Naeem ◽  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Mehrab Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Melting ◽  
Ultramafic Rock ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Thrust Faults ◽  
Felsic Rock ◽  
Mica Schist ◽  
Andesite Basalt ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Metamorphic Facies

AbstractThe Zhob Ophiolite is divided into three detached blocks including the Omzha block. The Omzha block is mapped and divided into lithological units such as ultramafic rock, mafic-felsic rock, and volcanic–volcaniclastic–pelagic rocks. These units are quite deformed and mixed up and are associated with one another by thrust faults. Petrography and geochemistry divide them into gabbro, diorite, plagiogranite, pheno-tephrite and trachy-andesite basalt, trachy basalt, chert, limestone, and mudstone. The ultramafic rocks are dominantly serpentinized harzburgite, dunite, and a minor lherzolite. Petrography of peridotite shows that it may be depleted in nature and may have residual after processes such as partial melting and the melt-rock reaction of a lherzolitic source. The gabbroic rocks are less well-developed and highly deformed. They are cross-cut by diorite, plagiogranite and anorthosite’ intrusions. The gabbro may be the plutonic section of Omzha block’ crust while the intermediate-felsic igneous rocks may have formed by the anataxis of crustal gabbro. The volcanic–volcaniclastic–pelagic rocks unit may be corrected with Bagh complex found underneath the Muslim Bagh Ophiolite. The metamorphic sole rocks of Omzha block are highly deformed and dismembered are comprising of metamorphic facies such as amphibolite, quartz-mica schist, and greenschist.

Mineralogy and Petrology of Serpentine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl B. Alexander ◽  
Roger G. Coleman ◽  
Todd Keeler-Wolfe ◽  
Susan P. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Ultramafic Rock ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Silicate Minerals ◽  
Excess Iron ◽  
Serpentine Minerals ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Serpentine Mineral ◽  
Mineralogical Compositions

“Serpentine” is used both as the name of a rock and the name of a mineral. Mineralogists use “serpentine” as a group name for serpentine minerals. Petrologists refer to rocks composed mostly of serpentine minerals and minor amounts of talc, chlorite, magnetite, and brucite as serpentinites. The addition of “-ite” to mineral names is common practice in petrologic nomenclature. For instance, quartzite is a name for a rock made up mostly of quartz. Serpentinites are rocks that form as a result of metamorphism or metasomatism of primary magnesium–iron silicate minerals. This entails the replacement of the primary silicate minerals by magnesium silicate serpentine minerals and the concentration of excess iron in magnetite. “Mafic” is a euphonious term derived from magnesium and ferric that is used for dark colored rocks rich in ferromagnesian silicate minerals. “Ultramafic” is used when the magnesium–ferrous silicate minerals compose >90% of the total rock. Olivine, clinopyroxene, and orthopyroxene are the minerals in primary ultramafic rocks, with minor amounts of plagioclase, amphibole, and chromite. Ultrabasic has been used by some geologists in referring to ultramafic rocks. The most common ultramafic rocks are harzburgite, containing <75% olivine and 25% orthopyroxene; dunite, with 100% olivine; and lherzolite, which has 75% olivine, 15% orthopyroxene, and >10% clinopyroxene, with or without plagioclase. Very small amounts of chromite are present in all of the mantle ultramafic rocks (Coleman 1971). The alteration of primary ultramafic rocks to serpentine mineral assemblages is incremental due to episodic invasion of water into the ultramafic rock. It is difficult to distinguish and map the gradations from primary ultramafic rock to serpentinite. Because of this difficulty in distinction, we prefer to use the term ultramafic or serpentinized peridotite for all gradations to serpentinite. Pedologists and botanists commonly group serpentinites with primary ultramafic rocks and refer to these substrates as serpentine because all of them have similar chemical compositions. As will become apparent later, there is great variability in the mineralogical compositions of these rocks and the soils derived from them.

Iron Doped TiO2 Photocatalysts for Environmental Applications: Fundamentals and Progress

2014 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 689-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Riaz ◽  
Bustam-Khalil Mohamad Azmi ◽  
Azmi Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Iron Doped

One of the most pervasive problems affecting people throughout the world is inadequate access to clean water and sanitation. Problems with water are expected to grow worse in the coming decades, with water scarcity occurring globally. Many recent studies have been reported on the photodegradation of the organic compounds in industrial wastewater in the presence of TiO2 semiconductor as photocatalyst. Heterogeneous photocatalysts using iron as a dopant metal, so far, have been reported for various environmental applications. This paper highlights the recent advances and applications of Fe-TiO2 photocatalysis for the degradation/photodegradation of various pollutants, alkanolamines and other organic pollutants like phenols and dyes.

The solubilization of potassium-bearing rock powder by Aspergillus niger in small-scale batch fermentations

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 598-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Lopes-Assad ◽  
Simoni H. Avansini ◽  
Márcia M. Rosa ◽  
José R.P. de Carvalho ◽  
Sandra R. Ceccato-Antonini
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Ultramafic Rock ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rock Powder ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The fungus Aspergillus niger was cultivated in culture medium with an alkaline ultramafic rock powder to evaluate the solubilization of potassium for biofertilizer production. The assays were carried out with 2 strains (CCT4355 and CCT911) in small-scale batch fermentations using 125, 500, 1000, and 2000 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, with a nominal volume of 40%, and rock powder at 0.4%, shaken at 160 r/min, incubated at 30 °C, and sampled every 7 days for 35 days. The amount of soluble K+, the pH of the culture medium, and the acidity were determined. Both strains solubilized K+ from the rock powder to the same extent (approximately 62%–70% after 35 days) in the 125 mL flasks; however, the percent solubilization decreased at higher volumetric scales. The results also indicated a difference in strain sensitivity to the increase in volumetric scales in batch fermentation. When filter-sterilized air was injected into the medium, the K+ percent solubilization obtained after 4 days of cultivation was similar to that obtained after a 28 day period. The acid production by the fungus may be a mechanism of rock solubilization, in spite of the elevation in pH values probably caused by the increasing hydrolysis of the silicates. Both strains of A. niger are recommended for solubilizing potassium from ultramafic rocks, but it is necessary to optimize the oxygen transfer, which seemed to affect the rock solubilization at higher volumetric scales.

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