scholarly journals Maximising Yield and Engine Efficiency Using Optimised Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman Razzaq ◽  
Shahid Imran ◽  
Zahid Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
American Society

In this study, waste cooking oil (WCO) was used as a feedstock for biodiesel production, where the pretreatment of WCO was performed using mineral acids to reduce the acid value. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to create an interaction for different operating parameters that affect biodiesel yield. The optimised biodiesel yield was 93% at a reaction temperature of 57.50 °C, catalyst concentration 0.25 w/w, methanol to oil ratio 8.50:1, reaction stirring speed 600 rpm, and a reaction time of 3 h. Physicochemical properties, including lower heating value, density, viscosity, cloud point, and flash point of biodiesel blends, were determined using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Biodiesel blends B10, B20, B30, B40, and B50 were tested on a compression ignition engine. Engine performance parameters, including brake torque (BT), brake power (BP), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were determined using biodiesel blends and compared to that of high-speed diesel. The average BT reduction for biodiesel blends compared to HSD at 3000 rpm were found to be 1.45%, 2%, 2.2%, 3.09%, and 3.5% for B10, B20, B30, B40, and B50, respectively. The average increase in BSFC for biodiesel blends compared to HSD at 3500 rpm were found to be 1.61%, 5.73%, 8.8%, 12.76%, and 18% for B10, B20, B30, B40, and B50, respectively.

Engine Performance Investigations of Palm Oil, Jatropha Oil and Waste Cooking Oil as Alternative Fuel

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 674-678
Author(s):  
Syarifah Yunus ◽  
Noriah Yusoff ◽  
Muhammad Faiz Fikri Ahmad Khaidzir ◽  
Siti Khadijah Alias ◽  
Freddawati Rashiddy Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Performance Effect ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
Global Agenda

The continued using of petroleum energy as a sourced for fuel is widely recognized as unsustainable because of the decreasing of supplies while increasing of the demand. Therefore, it becomes a global agenda to develop a renewable, sustainable and alternative fuel to meets with all the demand. Thus, biodiesel seems to be one of the best choices. In Malaysia, the biodiesel used is from edible vegetable oil sources; palm oil. The uses of palm oil as biodiesel production source have been concern because of the competition with food materials. In this study, various types of biodiesel feedstock are being studied and compared with diesel. The purpose of this comparison is to obtain the optimum engine performance of these different types of biodiesel (edible, non-edible, waste cooking oil) on which are more suitable to be used as alternative fuel. The optimum engine performance effect can be obtains by considering the Brake Power (BP), Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) and Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE).

scholarly journals Reusability test of Silica - Titania Catalyst on Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil in Various Temperatures

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Fiona Rachma Annisa ◽  
Indang Dewata ◽  
Hary Sanjaya ◽  
Latisma Dj ◽  
Ananda Putra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Tetrahedral Coordination ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Density Flow

This work has investigated the reusability of silica-titania in various temperatures (50 – 70°C) of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. The reused silica-titania catalyst collected from silica-titania catalyst waste produced from the process of separating the catalyst from biodiesel products from palm oil and used cooking oil at various temperatures. The 1st and 2nd reused SiO2-TiO2 were characterized by DR UV-Vis and the spectra were deconvoluted for calculate the fraction of titanium in tetrahedral coordination. In addition the biodiesel products were characterized using FTIR, and several properties of biodiesel such as density, flow rate and acid value were analyzed in order to get the information about catalytic activity reused SiO2-TiO2. The results show the titanium tetrahedral fraction in reused catalyst (1st) and (2nd) are found to be 24,98% and 24.65%, respectively. The FTIR characterization of biodiesel products and waste cooking oil are almost similar. The analysis of waste cooking oil converted to biodiesel shows an optimum temperature of 50oC that at this temperature the lowest density or highest flow rate gave highest conversion of 47.82% using BCR1 and 39.13% using BCR2.

Research on the Compression-Ignition Engine and its Fuels

1950 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. B. Vaile
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
Fuel Characteristics

This paper, an abstract of the original, is intended to provide information concerning the present status of Diesel fuel research. The paper is divided into two parts, the first of which concerns the types of fuel in use, describing briefly their sources and properties. A short account is also given of the existing fuel situation and how this may influence future research. Part II deals with the effects of fuel characteristics on engine performance, wear, and fouling. The methods of overcoming any deleterious effects caused by the fuel are discussed, and particular reference is made to the beneficial effects of lubricating oil additives. It must be emphasized that most of the work described refers to the high-speed Diesel engine, owing to the unsuitability of large units for laboratory testing. However, this is beneficial since the high-speed Diesel is most sensitive to fuel characteristics, and it serves to disclose the majority of defects that can arise in a Diesel engine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Diesel Engine Performance and Exhaust Emission Characteristics Using Waste Cooking Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Atiqah Ramlan ◽  
Abdul Adam Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Herzwan Hamzah ◽  
Nur Fauziah Jaharudin ◽  
Rizalman Mamat
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

The depletion of fossil fuels as well as the rises of greenhouse gases had caused most government worldwide to follow the international energy policies for the use of biodiesel. One of the economical sources for biodiesel production is waste cooking oil. The use of waste cooking oil is more sustainable if they can perform similarly to conventional diesel fuel. This paper deals with the experimental study carried out to evaluate the engine performance and exhaust emission of diesel engine operated by biodiesel from waste cooking oil at various engine speed. The biodiesel used are known as B5, which contains of 5% of waste cooking oil and 95% of diesel fuel. The other one is B20, which contains of 20% of waste cooking oil plus 80% of diesel. Diesel was used as a comparison purposes. The results show that power and torque for B5 give the closest trend to diesel. In terms of heat release, diesel still dominates the highest value compared to B5 and B20. For exhaust emission, B5 and B20 showed improvement in the reduction of NOx and PM.

scholarly journals Production of Biodiesel from High Acid Value Waste Cooking Oil Using an Optimized Lipase Enzyme/Acid-Catalyzed Hybrid Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (s1) ◽  
pp. S485-S495 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Saifuddin ◽  
A. Z. Raziah ◽  
H. Nor Farah
Keyword(s):  
Acid Value ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Hybrid Process ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
High Acid ◽  
Lipase Enzyme ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

The present study is aimed at developing an enzymatic/acid-catalyzed hybrid process for biodiesel production using waste cooking oil with high acid value (poor quality) as feedstock. Tuned enzyme was prepared using a rapid drying technique of microwave dehydration (time required around 15 minutes). Further enhancement was achieved by three phase partitioning (TPP) method. The results on the lipase enzyme which was subjected to pH tuning and TPP, indicated remarkable increase in the initial rate of transesterification by 3.8 times. Microwave irradiation was found to increase the initial reaction rates by further 1.6 times, hence giving a combined increase in activity of about 5.4 times. The optimized enzyme was used for hydrolysis and 88% of the oil taken initially was hydrolyzed by the lipase. The hydrolysate was further used in acid-catalyzed esterification for biodiesel production. By using a feedstock to methanol molar ratio of 1:15 and a sulphuric acid concentration of 2.5%, a biodiesel conversion of 88% was obtained at 50 °C for an hour reaction time. This hybrid process may open a way for biodiesel production using unrefined and used oil with high acid value as feedstock.

scholarly journals Multi-Feedstocks Biodiesel Production from Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil, Castor Oil, Palm Oil and Waste Cooking Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
H Hadiyanto ◽  
Apsari Puspita Aini ◽  
Widayat Widayat ◽  
Kusmiyati Kusmiyati ◽  
Arief Budiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Cooking Oil

Biodiesel can be produced from various vegetable oils and animal fat. Abundant sources of vegetable oil in Indonesia, such as Calophyllum inophyllum, Ricinus communis, palm oil, and waste cooking oil, were used as raw materials. Multi-feedstock biodiesel was used to increase the flexibility operation of biodiesel production. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a combination of vegetable oils on biodiesel characteristics. Degumming and two steps of esterification were applied for high free fatty acid feedstock before trans-esterification in combination with other vegetable oils. Potassium hydroxide was used as a homogenous catalyst and methanol as another raw material. The acid value of C. inophyllum decreased from 54 mg KOH/gr oil to 2.15 mg KOH/gr oil after two steps of esterification. Biodiesel yield from multi-feedstock was 87.926% with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1, temperature of 60 ℃, and catalyst of 1%wt. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Engine Performance and Exhaust Pollutant on a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Operated Using Moringa Oleifera Biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7071
Author(s):  
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽  
Haris Mehmood Khan ◽  
T. M. Yunus Khan ◽  
Luqman Razzaq ◽  
Tahir Asif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Oil ◽  
Smoke Opacity

In this investigation, biodiesel was produced from Moringa oleifera oil through a transesterification process at operating conditions including a reaction temperature of 60 °C, catalyst concentration of 1% wt., reaction time of 2 h, stirring speed of 1000 rpm and methanol to oil ratio of 8.50:1. Biodiesel blends, B10 and B20, were tested in a compression ignition engine, and the performance and emission characteristics were analyzed and compared with high-speed diesel. The engine was operated at full load conditions with engine speeds varying from 1000 rpm to 2400 rpm. All the performance and exhaust pollutants results were collected and analyzed. It was found that MOB10 produced lower BP (7.44%), BSFC (7.51%), and CO2 (7.7%). The MOB10 also reduced smoke opacity (24%) and HC (10.27%). Compared to diesel, MOB10 also increased CO (2.5%) and NOx (9%) emissions.

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