scholarly journals Field Application of Microbial Self-Healing Cement Slurry in Chunguang 17-14 Well

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1544
Author(s):  
Lixia Li ◽  
Tianle Liu ◽  
Guosheng Jiang ◽  
Changliang Fang ◽  
Jiaxin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation

Due to the inappropriate treatment of dairy wastewater, which can easily cause underground water pollution, there is an increasing need for a novel approach to reuse dairy wastewater. The technology of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation with environmentally friendly characteristics and high efficiency has been widely used for underground infrastructure remediation. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on the application of this technology under extreme underground environments, such as the borehole of oil wells with high temperature, high pressure, alkaline, and aerobic conditions. In addition, to reduce the cost of this technology when applied on a large scale, we adopted dairy wastewater to cultivate bacteria. Then, we put the bacterial solution into cement slurry in the borehole to improve the cementing quality. In this paper, the rheology properties, mechanical strength, permeability, porosity, and pore distribution of microbial cementing slurry were studied. Moreover, we applied this microbial cement slurry in the Chunguang 17-14 well of China, and the sealing channeling ability of cement sheath on site was evaluated. The results showed that dairy wastewater could serve as an alternative medium to provide nutrients and energy for the growth of bacteria with low cost. Additionally, the microbial cement slurry exhibited a good right-angle thickening performance and high mechanical strength. The field application displayed an anti-gas channeling ability after microbial remediation. The application of dairy wastewater incubated bacteria to cement slurry not only provides an alternative method for the reuse of dairy wastewater but is also conducive to prolonging the lifespan of oil wells.

scholarly journals High-resolution combinatorial patterning of functional nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Xing ◽  
Zaiqin Man ◽  
Jie Bian ◽  
Yadong Yin ◽  
Weihua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Colloidal Nanoparticles ◽  
Pixel Size ◽  
Functional Nanoparticles ◽  
Error Ratio ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Daunting Challenge

AbstractFast, low-cost, reliable, and multi-component nanopatterning techniques for functional colloidal nanoparticles have been dreamed about by scientists and engineers for decades. Although countless efforts have been made, it is still a daunting challenge to organize different nanocomponents into a predefined structure with nanometer precision over the millimeter and even larger scale. To meet the challenge, we report a nanoprinting technique that can print various functional colloidal nanoparticles into arbitrarily defined patterns with a 200 nm (or smaller) pitch (>125,000 DPI), 30 nm (or larger) pixel size/linewidth, 10 nm position accuracy and 50 nm overlay precision. The nanopatterning technique combines dielectrophoretic enrichment and deep surface-energy modulation and therefore features high efficiency and robustness. It can form nanostructures over the millimeter-scale by simply spinning, brushing or dip coating colloidal nanoink onto a substrate with minimum error (error ratio < 2 × 10−6). This technique provides a powerful yet simple construction tool for large-scale positioning and integration of multiple functional nanoparticles toward next-generation optoelectronic and biomedical devices.

A Low Cost ZSM-5 Zeolite Obtained from Rice Hull Ash

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Fernandes ◽  
E.U.C. Frajndlich ◽  
Humberto Gracher Riella
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Rice Hull Ash ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Zeolite Formation

The high pure synthetic zeolite have a large application in industry and agriculture, being nowadays in majority imported in Brazil. The biomass like rice hull ash (RHA), a rice industry waste, can be real advantageous in manufacture of different materials, since that is produced in large scale in the country. The silica extraction from RHA by alkaline leaching is a low energetic coast process and high efficiency, obtaining high pure silica with high reactive amorphous structure, very interesting for zeolite production. In this work was developed a economically feasible route for the production of high purity and crystallinity ZSM-5 zeolite, free of expensive template, starting from a low value intake, a industrial waste, producing a high value materials. The extracted silica from RHA in sodium silicate form is precipitated in the proper zeolite formation reactional mixture. The ZSM-5 have a lot of industrial applications due your high selectivity in catalytic reactions and high thermal and acid stability.

Liquid Metal Printing for Manufacturing Large-Scale Flexible Electronic Circuits

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Zhi-Zhu He ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Plastic Substrate ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Large Area

The advancement of printed electronics technology has significantly facilitated the development of electronic engineering. However, so far there still remain big barriers to impede the currently available printing technologies from being extensively used. Many of the difficulties came from the factors like: complicated ink-configurations, high post-treatment temperature, poor conductivity in room temperature and extremely high cost and time consuming fabrication process. From an alternative strategy, our recently invented desktop liquid metal printer offered a flexible way to better address the above deficiencies. Through modifying the system developed in the authors’ lab, here we demonstrated the feasibility of the method in quickly and reliably printing out various large area electronic circuits. Particularly, the liquid metal ink made of GaIn24.5 alloy, with a high electrical resistivity of 2.98×10−7 Ω·m, can be rapidly printed on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrate with maximum sizes spanning from centimeter size to meter large. Most important of all, all these manufactures were achieved at an extremely low cost level which clearly shows the ubiquitous value of the liquid metal printer. To evaluate the working performance of the present electronics fabrication method, the electrical resistance and wire width of the printed circuits were investigated under multiple overprinting cycles. For practical illustration purpose, LED lighting conductive patterns which can serve as a functional electronic decoration art were fabricated on the flexible plastic substrate. The present work sets up an example for directly making large-scale ending consumer electronics via a high-efficiency and low-cost way.

Nanophotonics silicon solar cells: status and future challenges

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohua Jia
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Energy Harvesting ◽  
Material Usage ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Light Management

AbstractLight management plays an important role in high-performance solar cells. Nanostructures that could effectively trap light offer great potential in improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells with much reduced material usage. Developing low-cost and large-scale nanostructures integratable with solar cells, thus, promises new solutions for high efficiency and low-cost solar energy harvesting. In this paper, we review the exciting progress in this field, in particular, in the market, dominating silicon solar cells and pointing out challenges and future trends.

scholarly journals Technologies for Distributed Generation: key performance factors for industrial application

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Nalbandyan ◽  
S. S. Zholnerchik
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Cost

The reduction in the cost of technologies for distributed generation involves an increasing decentralization of power generation and large-scale development of distributed sources around the world. This trend is a key change in both the characteristics of electricity consumption: it is becoming increasingly flexible and mobile, and the patterns of consumer behavior in the electricity market. Electricity consumers are becoming at the same time its suppliers and require revision of traditional regulation standards of the electricity market. The purpose of the article is to assess the influence of distributed generation on the economy of both enterprises and the country as a whole. To identify the effects of the introduction of distributed generation technologies, the method of case study analysis is used. The empirical analysis was carried out on the basis of twelve Russian companies that use their own energy sources. The selected companies belong to the following industries: industrial production, housing and communal services, retail trade, construction, agriculture. Technological and economic effects are revealed. Technological ones include: improving consumer reliability, energy security, involving local energy resources, optimizing load management and redundancy, providing the flexibility of smart grids (in terms of generation), reducing the load on the environment, including CO2 emissions. Economic effects: optimization of the load schedule, reduction of losses in the process of transmission/distribution of energy, expansion of cogeneration, etc., providing the consumer with the electricity of a given quality, saving losses in networks, reducing the cost of energy. The identified effects of the introduction of distributed generation technologies make it possible to highlight the advantages of regeneration facilities: high efficiency and the possibility of cogeneration and trigeneration, individual maneuvering capacity loading, high reliability of equipment, low cost of transportation of electricity, fuel usage of the by-products and the main production waste. In conclusion, recommendations are formulated on a set of measures for the development of industrial distributed generation in Russia at the Federal level.

Sucker Rod Antibuckling System: Development and Field Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Clemens Langbauer ◽  
Rudolf Konrad Fruhwirth ◽  
Lukas Volker
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Sucker Rod

Summary When the oil price is low, cost optimization is vital, especially in mature oil fields. Reducing lifting costs by increasing the mean time between failure and the overall system efficiency helps to keep wells economical and increase the final recovery factor. A significant portion of artificially lifted wells currently use sucker rod pumping systems. Although its efficiency is in the upper range, there is still room for improvement compared with other artificial-liftsystems. This paper presents the field-tested sucker rod antibuckling system (SRABS), which prevents buckling of the entire sucker rod string, achieved by a redesign of the standing valve, the advantageous use of the dynamic liquid level, and, on a case-by-case basis, application of a tension element. The system allows full buckling prevention and a reduction of the overall stresses in the sucker rod string. The resulting reduction in the number of well interventions combined with the higher system efficiency prolongs economic production in mature oil fields, even in times of low oil prices. The analysis of SRABS, using finite-element simulations, showed a significant increase in system efficiency. The SRABS performance and wear tests under large-scale conditions were performed at Montanuniversität Leoben’s Pump Test Facility and in the oil field. The results of intensive laboratory testing were used to optimize the pump-body geometry and improve the wear resistance by selecting optimal materials for the individual pump components. The ongoing field-test evaluation confirmed the theoretical approach and showed the benefits achieved by using SRABS. SRABS itself can be applied within every sucker rod pumping system; the installation is as convenient as a standard pump, and manufacturing costs are comparable with those of a standard pump. This paper shows improved performance of the SRABS pumping system compared with a standard sucker rod pump. SRABS is one of the first systems that prevents the sucker rod string from buckling without any additional equipment, such as sinker bars. Testing of SRABS has identified significant benefits compared with standard sucker rod pumps.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-Cost and High-Efficiency Culture Medium for Bacteriocin Lac-B23 Production by Lactobacillus plantarum J23

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Jianming Zhang ◽  
Yushan Bu ◽  
Chengcheng Zhang ◽  
Huaxi Yi ◽  
Daqun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Manganese Sulfate ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mrs Broth

At present, De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth is the medium of choice for promoting bacteriocin production. However, this medium is expensive and not applicable for large-scale production. Therefore, a low-cost and high-efficiency culture medium for bacteriocin Lac-B23 production by Lactobacillus plantarum J23 was developed. First, the effects of the composition of MRS broth on bacteriocin Lac-B23 production and bacterial growth were researched by a one variable at a time approach. Then, a Plackett-Burman design was used to screen significant components for production. Finally, the steepest ascent and central composite designs were used to obtain an optimum medium. The final composition of the modified MRS was much simpler than MRS broth, and the modified MRS contained only glucose, yeast extract, dipotassium phosphate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, Tween 80 and sodium acetate anhydrous. The highest bacteriocin Lac-B23 production reached 2560 activity units (AU)/mL in the modified MRS, which is nine times higher than that in MRS broth (280 AU/mL). Meanwhile, the cost per liter of the modified MRS (8.56 Ren Min Bi (RMB)/L) is 34.70% the cost of MRS broth (13.11 RMB/L), and the cost per arbitrary units of bacteriocin Lac-B23 in the modified MRS is approximately fourteen times more convenient (3.34 RMB/106 AU) than in the MRS broth (46.82 RMB/106 AU).

scholarly journals An overview of comparative modelling and resources dedicated to large-scale modelling of genome sequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 628-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Datt Lam ◽  
Sayoni Das ◽  
Ian Sillitoe ◽  
Christine Orengo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Protein Domain ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Comparative Modelling ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Recent Developments

Computational modelling of proteins has been a major catalyst in structural biology. Bioinformatics groups have exploited the repositories of known structures to predict high-quality structural models with high efficiency at low cost. This article provides an overview of comparative modelling, reviews recent developments and describes resources dedicated to large-scale comparative modelling of genome sequences. The value of subclustering protein domain superfamilies to guide the template-selection process is investigated. Some recent cases in which structural modelling has aided experimental work to determine very large macromolecular complexes are also cited.

Wireless mesh networks

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 401-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Wireless Mesh

Wireless telemedicine using GSM and GPRS technologies can only provide low bandwidth connections, which makes it difficult to transmit images and video. Satellite or 3G wireless transmission provides greater bandwidth, but the running costs are high. Wireless networks (WLANs) appear promising, since they can supply high bandwidth at low cost. However, the WLAN technology has limitations, such as coverage. A new wireless networking technology named the wireless mesh network (WMN) overcomes some of the limitations of the WLAN. A WMN combines the characteristics of both a WLAN and ad hoc networks, thus forming an intelligent, large scale and broadband wireless network. These features are attractive for telemedicine and telecare because of the ability to provide data, voice and video communications over a large area. One successful wireless telemedicine project which uses wireless mesh technology is the Emergency Room Link (ER-LINK) in Tucson, Arizona, USA. There are three key characteristics of a WMN: self-organization, including self-management and self-healing; dynamic changes in network topology; and scalability. What we may now see is a shift from mobile communication and satellite systems for wireless telemedicine to the use of wireless networks based on mesh technology, since the latter are very attractive in terms of cost, reliability and speed.

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