scholarly journals In Situ Measurement of Localized Current Distribution in H2-Br2 Redox Flow Batteries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4945
Author(s):  
Brenda Berenice Martinez Cantu ◽  
Peter Fischer ◽  
David Zitoun ◽  
Jens Tübke ◽  
Karsten Pinkwart
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Board Type ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
The Impact

Hydrogen bromine redox flow batteries (RFB) are considered to be one of the most promising storage alternatives, as this technology offers both high energy and high-power density. In this work a printed circuit board type of segmented current collector for the measurement of locally resolved current density was developed. This analytical tool was inserted as hydrogen anode current collector in a hydrogen-bromine test cell. Charging and discharging operation was monitored under different stoichiometric flow conditions and the impact on current distribution is presented. This technique offers the possibility to prove cell limiting conditions with spatial resolution, improving our understanding and determining optimal operating conditions for a given design.

scholarly journals Segmented Printed Circuit Board Electrode for Locally-resolved Current Density Measurements in All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerber ◽  
Fischer ◽  
Pinkwart ◽  
Tübke
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Current Density Distribution ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox

One of the most important parameters for the design of redox flow batteries is a uniform distribution of the electrolyte solution over the complete electrode area. The performance of redox flow batteries is usually investigated by general measurements of the cell in systematic experimental studies such as galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling. Local inhomogeneity within the electrode cannot be locally-resolved. In this study a printed circuit board (PCB) with a segmented current collector was integrated into a 40 cm2 all-vanadium redox flow battery to analyze the locally-resolved current density distribution of the graphite felt electrode. Current density distribution during charging and discharging of the redox flow battery indicated different limiting influences. The local current density in redox flow batteries mainly depends on the transport of the electrolyte solution. Due to this correlation, the electrolyte flow in the porous electrode can be visualized. A PCB electrode can easily be integrated into the flow battery and can be scaled to nearly any size of the electrode area. The carbon coating of the PCB enables direct contact to the corrosive electrolyte, whereby the sensitivity of the measurement method is increased compared to state-of-the-art methods.

scholarly journals Designing for conjugate addition: an amine functionalised quinone anolyte for redox flow batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Bharat Jethwa ◽  
Evan Wenbo Zhao ◽  
Rachel N. Kerber ◽  
Erlendur Jónsson ◽  
Dominic S Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Conjugate Addition ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Organic Electrolytes ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Grid Level

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising grid-level electrical storage systems. The key to this emerging technology is the development of cheap, highly soluble, and high energy-density inorganic and organic electrolytes....

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Measurement of a Printed Circuit Board Subjected to Drop Test

2009 ◽  
Vol 419-420 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Shiuh Chuan Her ◽  
Shien Chin Lan ◽  
Chun Yen Liu ◽  
Bo Ren Yao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Experimental Measurement ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Drop Impact ◽  
Simulation Technique ◽  
Drop Test ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
The Impact

Drop test is one of the common methods for determining the reliability of electronic products under actual transportation conditions. The aim of this study is to develop a reliable drop impact simulation technique. The test specimen of a printed circuit board is clamped at two edges on a test fixture and mounted on the drop test machine platform. The drop table is raised at the height of 50mm and dropped with free fall to impinge four half-spheres of Teflon. One accelerometer is mounted on the center of the specimen to measure the impact pulse. The commercial finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is applied to compute the impact acceleration and dynamic strain on the test specimen during the drop impact. The finite element results are compared to the experimental measurement of acceleration with good correlation between simulation and drop testing. With the accurate simulation technique, one is capable of predicting the impact response and characterizing the failure mode prior to real reliability test.

Eutectic Electrolytes for High-Energy-Density Redox Flow Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 2875-2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changkun Zhang ◽  
Leyuan Zhang ◽  
Yu Ding ◽  
Xuelin Guo ◽  
Guihua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Stress Reduction

2016 ◽  
pp. 262-301
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Power Converters ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Inrush Current

After evaluation of reliability in the previous chapters and its consideration as a converter figure of merit, in this and the next chapters, guidelines for improvement of reliability are presented. These methods are used in both design and operation process of the converter. The focus of this chapter is on the component stress reduction in the design process. Based on background of chapter two, reliability of a converter increases if it operates at a set point with low stress. It is assumed that the converter is under design process or operates without fault. The methods for reliability improvement in faulty converters are discussed in the next chapters. In this chapter, methods for reducing electric field are described at both system and printed circuit board level. Low temperature operating conditions for an electric power converter are described and tools for this goal are presented. Series connection for voltage sharing and parallel connection for current sharing is explained. Novel control methods of power converters for reducing the complexity and reliable operation are presented. Control of inrush current as a typical transient problem in electric power converters is presented. Methods for preventing the over stress condition on the components in faulty cases are described. Techniques for reducing mechanical and environmental stress are expressed. Mechanical dampers for preventing the high amplitude vibration and insulating colors against humidity are presented. Industrial and real samples are presented to demonstrate application of the proposed methods.

Asymmetric allyl-activation of organosulfides for high-energy reversible redox flow batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2244-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Ming Weng ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Chi-You Liu ◽  
Guan-Ying Du ◽  
Elise Y. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Reversible Redox ◽  
Flow Batteries

This work demonstrates an effective and universal strategy to improve the sluggish organosulfides (R–Sn–R) for redox flow batteries by asymmetric allylsubstituted organosulfides (R–Sn–A).

scholarly journals Implementation and Experimental Verification of Smart Junction Box for Low-Voltage Automotive Electronics in Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2214
Author(s):  
Sang Wook Lee ◽  
Soo-Whang Baek
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Automotive Electronics ◽  
Overload Protection ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we designed and implemented a smart junction box (SJB) that was optimized for supplying power to low-voltage headlights (13.5 V) in electric vehicles. The design incorporated a number of automotive semiconductor devices, and components were placed in a high-density arrangement to reduce the overall size of the final design. The heat generated by the SJB was efficiently managed to mount an Intelligent Power Switch (IPS), which was used to power the headlights onto the printed circuit board (PCB) to minimize the impact on other components. The SJB was designed to provide power to the headlights via pulse width modulation to extend their lifetime. In addition, overload protection and fail/safe functions were implemented in the software to improve the stability of the system, and a controller area network (CAN) bus was provided for communications with various components in the SJB as well as with external controllers. The performance of the SJB was validated via a load operation test to assess the short circuit and overload protection functions, and the output duty cycle was evaluated across a range of input voltages to ensure proper operation. Based on our results, the power supplied to the headlights was found to be uniform and stable.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Studies on Alizarin Red S as Negolyte for Redox Flow Battery: a Preliminary Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
C. Khor ◽  
M. R. Mohamed ◽  
C. K. Feng ◽  
P. K. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Alizarin Red S ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries

Redox flow battery (RFB) has received tremendous attention as energy storage system coupled with renewable energy sources. In this paper, a low-cost alizarin red S (ARS) organic dye is proposed to serve as the active material for the negative electrode reaction for organic redox flow batteries. Cyclic voltammetry has been conducted under a number of operating conditions to reveal the electrochemical performance of this molecule. The results suggest that ARS is highly reversible at low electrode potential (c.a. 0.082 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode), indicating that ARS is a promising negative electrode material for organic redox flow batteries. The diffusion coefficient of ARS is calculated in the range of 6.424 x 10-4 cm2 s-1, This has indicated fast diffusion rate and electrochemical kinetics for oxidation and reduction in higher concentration of ARS. It has been found out that the higher concentration of ARS in base electrolyte cause lowest diffusion coefficient due to solubility issue of ARS.

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