scholarly journals Identification of Problems Associated with the Usage of Friction (Koeppe) Hoists Based on Geodetic Measurements

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ochałek ◽  
Wojciech Jaśkowski ◽  
Mateusz Jabłoński
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Assembly Component ◽  
Selection Of

The hoist assembly based on the Koeppe friction is a commonly used solution in mining. However, it has some disadvantages. A few centimeters offset of the groove axis can lead to excessive abrasion of linings on the Koeppe friction and pulleys. As a consequence, the mines are forced to bear the direct and indirect costs of replacing the linings such as the cost of materials and service as well as the cost of extended machine and shaft downtime. Last year, the authors undertook a geodetic inventory of the condition of two hoisting machines with a Koeppe winder. Terrestrial laser scanning enhanced with precision total station measurements were performed. Additionally, elements particularly important for the performed analysis (inclination of hoisting machine and rope wheels shafts) were determined by the precision leveling technique. Obtained results were verified using measurements on Szpetkowski’s tribrach. Appropriate selection of the measurement methods in both analyzed examples allowed us to determine the causes of destruction of each hoist assembly component. Based on precise geodetic data, guidelines have been defined for rectification (twisting and shifting the rope pulleys), which seems unavoidable despite the lack of unambiguous legal regulations.

The Direct and Indirect Costs of Treating the Victims of the 2016 Nice Terror Attacks in a Single Pediatric Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Federico Solla ◽  
Eytan Ellenberg ◽  
Virginie Rampal ◽  
Julien Margaine ◽  
Charles Musoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Terror Attack ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Direct Medical Costs ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Objective: To analyze the cost of the terror attack in Nice in a single pediatric institution. Methods: We carried out descriptive analyses of the data coming from the Lenval University Children’s Hospital of Nice database after the July 14, 2016 terror attack. The medical cost for each patient was estimated from the invoice that the hospital sent to public insurance. The indirect costs were calculated from the hospital’s accounting, as the items that were previously absent or the difference between costs in 2016 versus the previous year. Results: The costs total 1.56 million USD, corresponding to 2% of Lenval Hospital’s 2016 annual budget. Direct medical costs represented 9% of the total cost. The indirect costs were related to human resources (overtime, sick leave), revenue shortfall, and security and psychiatric reinforcement. Conclusion: Indirect costs had a greater impact than did direct medical costs. Examining the level and variety of direct and indirect costs will lead to a better understanding of the consequences of terror acts and to improved preparation for future attacks.

scholarly journals Urgent Care Costs of Uncontrolled Asthma in Canada, 2004

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 435-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Jin Seung ◽  
Nicole Mittmann
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Care Costs

It has been more than a decade since Krahn evaluated the direct and indirect costs of asthma in Canada. Asthma is often uncontrolled and the cost of providing urgent care has not been determined. Hospitalizations, unscheduled physician visits, emergency department visits, drug treatments and ambulance rides are resources used by the uncontrolled asthmatic population, resulting in $162 million in costs annually. Improved control of asthma could decrease these costs.

Animal production studies in Jamaica. IV. The costs of developing and maintaining pangola grass pastures

1964 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Nestel
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Cost ◽  
Direct Cost ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
Total Range ◽  
The Cost

The cost of developing and maintaining pangola grass pastures has been examined under a range of conditions. The direct cost of improving pastures to the stage where they were established as 5–10 acre, fenced, watered units of pangola grass was about £30 per acre. Under favourable conditions this cost could be reduced to £20, but with difficult land or poor techniques the cost could rise to £40 or more per acre. In addition to the direct cost of establishment there was an indirect cost due to land being out of use or stock numbers having to be reduced. This indirect cost appeared to be highest on lands where planting costs were least. It was suggested that there might be an inverse relationship between direct and indirect costs which tended to narrow the total range of establishment costs.

Impact of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) from the perspective of the Canadian beef producer

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Jim
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Carcass Disposal ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe costs of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) to the beef producer can be estimated by identifying and summing the direct and indirect costs associated with the disease. The major direct costs are attributable to the cost of the feeder, production costs and carcass disposal. The indirect costs are mainly associated with infrastructure and labour.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Distribution Influence of the Density of Cost-forming Factors on Results of the LCCA Calculations

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rogalska ◽  
J. Żelazna-Pawlicka
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Probability Density ◽  
Price Level ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Probability Density Distributions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe paper evaluates the relationship between the selection of the probability density function and the construction price, and the price of the building's life cycle, in relation to the deterministic cost estimate in terms of the minimum, mean, and maximum. The deterministic cost estimates were made based on the minimum, mean, and maximum prices: labor rates, indirect costs, profit, and the cost of equipment and materials. The net construction prices received were given different probability density distributions based on the minimum, mean, and maximum values. Twelve kinds of probability distributions were used: triangular, normal, lognormal, beta pert, gamma, beta, exponential, Laplace, Cauchy, Gumbel, Rayleigh, and uniform. The results of calculations with the event probability from 5 to 95% were subjected to the statistical comparative analysis. The dependencies between the results of calculations were determined, for which different probability density distributions of price factors were assumed. A certain price level was assigned to specific distributions in 6 groups based on the t-test. It was shown that each of the distributions analyzed is suitable for use, however, it has consequences in the form of a final result. The lowest final price is obtained using the gamma distribution, the highest is obtained by the beta distribution, beta pert, normal, and uniform.

scholarly journals Classical Measurement Methods and Laser Scanning Usage in Shaft Hoist Assembly Inventory

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Wojciech Jaśkowski ◽  
Tomasz Lipecki ◽  
Wojciech Matwij ◽  
Mateusz Jabłoński
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Research Techniques ◽  
Mining Plant ◽  
Geometrical Relationships

The shaft hoist assembly is the base of underground mining plant. Its efficiency and correct operation is subject to restrictive legal regulations and is controlled on a daily visual assessment by shaft crew and energomechanics. In addition, in the regular interval, the shaft hoist assembly is subject to a thorough inventory, which includes the determination of the geometrical relationships between the hoisting machine, the headframe and the shaft with its housing. Inventory measurements for shaft and headframe are used for years of conventional geodetic methods including mechanical or laser plumbing and tachymetric surveys. Additional precision levelling is also used for measuring shafts of hoisting machines and rope pulleys. Continuous modernization of measuring technology makes it possible to implement the further methods to the above mentioned purposes. The comparison of the accuracy and the economics of performing measurements based on many years of experience with comprehensive inventory of shaft hoist assembly using various research techniques was made and detailed in the article.

The Economic Cost of Suicide in Ireland

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Kennelly
Keyword(s):  
Gross National Product ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Human Cost ◽  
Human Costs ◽  
The Cost

Abstract. Objective: To calculate the costs of suicide in Ireland. Method: The paper identifies all episodes of suicide in Ireland in 2001 and 2002, and projects the economic costs arising from these episodes over subsequent years. All prices have been converted to 2001 euros. Both direct and indirect costs were calculated. Indirect costs included both the cost of lost output and human costs. Results: The total cost of suicide is estimated at over Euro 906 million in 2001, and over Euro 835 million in 2002 (in 2001 prices). This is equivalent to a little under 1% of the gross national product in Ireland for those years. Conclusions: The results show that investment in health education and health promotion can be justified on the basis of the costs associated with suicide in Ireland. These costs fall on individuals, families, and society. The huge human cost of suffering associated with suicide can also be prevented through appropriate intervention to prevent death occurring. It is important that any suicide prevention strategy should include an evaluative framework to ensure that investment occurs in the areas most likely to generate the highest returns in term of suicides prevented and lives saved.

Socioeconomic Burden of Disease Due to Asthma in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Eun-Whan Lee ◽  
Hee-Sun Kim ◽  
Wook Kim ◽  
Jin-Young Nam ◽  
Jae-Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Socioeconomic Burden ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Care Costs

This study aimed to estimate the socioeconomic burden of asthma in South Korea. The data were obtained from the National Patient Sample of 2014. The direct costs included health care and non–health care costs, and the indirect costs included loss of productivity. To estimate the prevalence of asthma, this study used both primary diagnoses and treatment-based criteria. The prevalence of asthma was 3.7% using primary diagnosis-based criteria. The total costs of asthma were $645.8 million. The direct and indirect costs were $553.9 million and $92.0 million, respectively. When the treatment-based criteria were applied, the prevalence decreased to 1.8% and the total costs decreased to $465.1 million. The direct and indirect costs were $394.9 million and $70.2 million, respectively. In the future, the cost of asthma, derived from various perspectives, should be regularly estimated and used as a basis for lowering the burden of disease due to asthma.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of emergency preparedness measures in response to infectious respiratory disease outbreaks: a systematic review and econometric analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e045113
Author(s):  
Constantine Vardavas ◽  
Katerina Nikitara ◽  
Konstantinos Zisis ◽  
Konstantinos Athanasakis ◽  
Revati Phalkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The Cost

ObjectivesRespiratory infectious disease outbreaks pose a threat for loss of life, economic instability and social disruption. We conducted a systematic review of published econometric analyses to assess the direct and indirect costs of infectious respiratory disease outbreaks that occurred between 2003 and 2019.SettingRespiratory infectious disease outbreaks or public health preparedness measures or interventions responding to respiratory outbreaks in OECD countries (excluding South Korea and Japan) so as to assess studies relevant to the European context. The cost-effectiveness of interventions was assessed through a dominance ranking matrix approach. All cost data were adjusted to the 2017 Euro, with interventions compared with the null. We included data from 17 econometric studies.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDirect and indirect costs for disease and preparedness and/or response or cost-benefit and cost-utility were measured.ResultsOverall, the economic burden of infectious respiratory disease outbreaks was found to be significant to healthcare systems and society. Indirect costs were greater than direct costs mainly due to losses of productivity. With regard to non-pharmaceutical strategies, prehospitalisation screening and the use of protective masks were identified as both an effective strategy and cost-saving. Community contact reduction was effective but had ambiguous results for cost saving. School closure was an effective measure, but not cost-saving in the long term. Targeted antiviral prophylaxis was the most cost-saving and effective pharmaceutical intervention.ConclusionsOur cost analysis results provide evidence to policymakers on the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies which may be applied to mitigate or respond to infectious respiratory disease outbreaks.

Counting the costs of identity crime and misuse in Australia, 2018-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Smith ◽  
Christie Franks
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Australian Economy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Financial Losses

This report examines the cost and impact of identity crime and misuse on the Australian economy for the 2018–19 financial year. The estimated cost of identity crime in Australia in 2018–19 (including direct and indirect costs) was $3.1b—17 percent more than in 2015–16. These findings demonstrate a considerable increase in the financial losses experienced by government, law enforcement, industry and individuals through both direct and indirect costs associated with identity crime. The results, combined with data collected from stakeholders, help policymakers raise awareness of identity crime and reduce its incidence and impact throughout Australia. Government, law enforcement and private sector industry cooperation and data sharing were essential in the preparation of this report.

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