scholarly journals Drought and Darkness during Long-Term Simulated Shipping Delay Post-Shipping Flowering of Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Ju Hui Jeong ◽  
Wook Oh
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Delayed Flowering

We investigated the relationship between simulated shipping (SS) without watering or light and post-shipping growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’. Two experimental environments were created: a low-temperature chamber for simulated shipping and a growth chamber for simulated finishing at the destination. Plants from both the control and treatment groups were moved from the low-temperature chamber to the growth chamber after the end of the simulated shipping. Control plants received continuous light and regular irrigation; plants in the treatment group were placed in the low-temperature chamber under light (LSS) or dark (DSS) conditions for 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 days, without irrigation. Once DSS duration exceeded 40 days, the leaf-yellowing rate increased rapidly. Chlorophyll content decreased from day 10 to 30 of DSS and slightly increased in LSS and DSS over 40 days. The photochemical reflectance index decreased with the SS duration. The maximum quantum yield PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) values sharply decreased after the end of SS; after 40 days, neither LSS nor DSS plants recovered to the normal range. In the same SS duration, the number of days to spiking was delayed in the DSS. In addition, the number of days to spiking was delayed, owing to the longer SS duration. LSS for 50 days induced early flowering, as in the control group, but lowered flower quality. The results demonstrate that drought stress from long-term shipping (>40 days) delayed flowering. In particular, DSS delayed flowering more than LSS due to the decrease in chlorophyll content and the reduction in carbohydrates through respiration.

Long-term hyperprolactinaemia reduces basal but not androgen-stimulated oestradiol production in small antral follicles of the rat ovary

1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Jonassen ◽  
S. P. Baker ◽  
A. S. McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
Cervical Stimulation ◽  
Oestradiol Production

ABSTRACT Hyperprolactinaemia disrupts fertility in many species, perhaps by inhibiting ovarian follicular steroidogenesis. The present studies measured oestradiol and progesterone secretion from isolated follicles from rats rendered hyperprolactinaemic in one of two ways. Sustained hyperprolactinaemia was induced by transplantation of two donor pituitary grafts under the renal capsule of adult female rats; grafts remained in place for 3 months. Transient hyperprolactinaemia was induced by pseudopregnancy initiated by cervical stimulation. Small antral follicles were isolated from both groups of rats 8–10 days after the previous vaginal oestrous smear and also from a control group of dioestrous female rats. Follicles were incubated for 3 h in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) or testosterone. Basal and hCG-stimulated oestradiol production were each reduced in follicles from both hyperprolactinaemic groups, relative to follicles from dioestrous control rats. In contrast, in the presence of testosterone, all groups of follicles produced comparable amounts of oestradiol. hCG stimulated comparable progesterone production by follicles from all three treatment groups. Testosterone elicited smaller increases in progesterone accumulation by follicles from all in-vivo groups. Reduced basal and gonadotrophin-stimulated, but not androgen-stimulated, oestradiol accumulation suggests that androgen production rather than aromatase activity in small antral follicles may be impaired by long-term hyperprolactinaemia. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 129, 357–362

scholarly journals Long-term quality of life in patients with vestibular schwannoma: an international multicenter cross-sectional study comparing microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, observation, and nontumor controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Carlson ◽  
Oystein Vesterli Tveiten ◽  
Colin L. Driscoll ◽  
Frederik K. Goplen ◽  
Brian A. Neff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Disease Specific

OBJECT The optimal treatment for sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) is highly controversial. To date, the majority of studies comparing treatment modalities have focused on a narrow scope of technical outcomes including facial function, hearing status, and tumor control. Very few publications have investigated health-related quality of life (HRQOL) differences between individual treatment groups, and none have used a disease-specific HRQOL instrument. METHODS All patients with sporadic small- to medium-sized VSs who underwent primary microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), or observation between 1998 and 2008 were identified. Subjects were surveyed via postal questionnaire using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the 10-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System short form (PROMIS-10), the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI), and the Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality-of-Life (PANQOL) scale. Additionally, a pool of general population adults was surveyed, providing a nontumor control group for comparison. RESULTS A total of 642 respondents were analyzed. The overall response rate for patients with VS was 79%, and the mean time interval between treatment and survey was 7.7 years. Using multivariate regression, there were no statistically significant differences between management groups with respect to the PROMIS-10 physical or mental health dimensions, the SF-36 Physical or Mental Component Summary scores, or the PANQOL general, anxiety, hearing, or energy subdomains. Patients who underwent SRS or observation reported a better total PANQOL score and higher PANQOL facial, balance, and pain subdomain scores than the microsurgical cohort (p < 0.02). The differences in scores between the nontumor control group and patients with VS were greater than differences observed between individual treatment groups for the majority of measures. CONCLUSIONS The differences in HRQOL outcomes following SRS, observation, and microsurgery for VS are small. Notably, the diagnosis of VS rather than treatment strategy most significantly impacts quality of life. Understanding that a large number of VSs do not grow following discovery, and that intervention does not confer a long-term HRQOL advantage, small- and medium-sized VS should be initially observed, while intervention should be reserved for patients with unequivocal tumor growth or intractable symptoms that are amenable to treatment. Future studies assessing HRQOL in VS patients should prioritize use of validated disease-specific measures, such as the PANQOL, given the significant limitations of generic instruments in distinguishing between treatment groups and tumor versus nontumor subjects.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Antioxidant Gene Expressions and Enzyme Activity Against Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in Mice after Grape Seed Extract Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Sarah Albogami
Keyword(s):  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Test Parameters

Background: The risk of occupational exposure to acrylamide is high and long-term acrylamide exposure can cause neurotoxicity. Thus, therapeutic agents that can protect against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity are needed. Objective: To investigate whether Grape Seed Extract (GSE) protects against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Methods: Mice were divided into saline, GSE, acrylamide, GSE followed by acrylamide, acrylamide followed by GSE, and simultaneous acrylamide and GSE treatment groups. Gene expression and antioxidant enzyme levels were then determined using RT-PCR and biochemical assays. Results: Gpx1 (P < 0.05), Prdx3 (P < 0.01), SOD1 (P < 0.05), and CAT (P < 0.05) significantly upregulated in GSE-treated mice, compared to those in untreated controls. In contrast, Gpx1 (P < 0.05), Prdx3 (P < 0.05), SOD1 (P < 0.05), and CAT (P < 0.05) significantly downregulated in acrylamide-treated mice compared to those in untreated controls. Results of the treatment with GSE before exposure to acrylamide or simultaneously with acrylamide indicated that GSE restored Gpx1, Prdx3, SOD1, and CAT expression to similar levels as those in the control group. GSE treatment after exposure to acrylamide did not exert any neuroprotective effects against acrylamide, as revealed by significant downregulation of Gpx1 (P < 0.05), Prdx3 (P < 0.01), SOD1 (P < 0.05), and CAT (P < 0.05) compared to that in untreated controls. Animals treated with grape seed before acrylamide treatment showed no significant change in LPO activities and a significant increase in GSH levels, compared to those in untreated controls. Conclusion: GSE exerted neuroprotective effects against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity. Acrylamide caused oxidative stress 20 days post-exposure. However, grape seed treatment before exposure to acrylamide restored all test parameters to levels similar to control values.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM RELATIVELY HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE USE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND MEAT QUALITY OF BROILERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Yingying Qiao ◽  
Oleksandr Kyselov ◽  
Changzhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temperature Group

The experiment aims to study the effects of long-term relatively high and low temperatures on growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. The experiment was carried out in Yunnan Academy of Animal Science, for determine the quality of meat used the laboratories of Henan Institute of Science and Technology. A total of experiment use 240 healthy 1-day-old Avian broiler chickens were randomly divided into three groups: relatively high temperature group, low temperature group and control group. The results of the experiment confirm that at low temperatures, when the energy consumption of the animal decreases, it leads to weight loss, which we can see in the low-temperature group, the average daily weight gain in this experiment was significantly lower than in the control group (P <0.05). It was found that low-temperature stress significantly increased the mortality of broilers, at the age of 42 days in the low-temperature group, the mortality of chickens was higher than in the control group, by 71.4%. Among all evaluated groups on the content of unsaturated fatty acids SFA, PUFA, MUFA and EFA in the muscles of the breasts of broilers, the lowest content was in the lower temperature group than in the control group, by 48.3%, 46.9%, 51.5% and 43.9%. Studies have shown that influence of high-temperature above 30°C causes disturbances in poultry behavior and physiology, leading to reduced production performance. Broilers aged 35-40 days experienced 31°C high-temperature stress and found that their performance and immunity decreased. Broilers feed intake and growth rate at 35°C high temperature were reduced by 13% and 32% than at 20°C. The results showed that: ① Relatively high temperature and low temperature for a long time reduced the growth performance and mortality of broilers, and long-term relatively low temperature decreased the slaughter performance of broilers.② Relatively high and low temperatures for a long period of time reduced the levels of serine, glycine, SFA, PUFA, USFA, EFA and MUFA in broiler breast muscles negative effect on meat quality. ③ The long-term relatively low temperature has a greater adverse effect on broilers than the long-term relatively high temperature. The results provided some theoretical basis for accurately setting the broiler breeding environment temperature, improving broiler quality, maximizing broiler production performance, and increasing the economic benefits of the farm.

scholarly journals The effect of Ferbanat L nano-fertilizer on the growing of Petunia x grandiflora ’Musica Blue’

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz. Kisvarga ◽  
R. Kerezsi ◽  
I. Kohut ◽  
A. Tillyné Mándy
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Remarkable Increase ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Positive Effect

During our experiment, the effect of Ferbanat L concentrations were examined by Petunia x grandiflora ‘Musica Blue’ production. The leaf and shoot length, number of flower buds, diameter of flowers, and the date of appearing the first buds were measured. The solution of Ferbanat L in 0.1 % concentration was the most effective on shoot length (21.7 cm). Remarkable increase was observed by the other treatment groups as well comparing to the control group (5.6 cm), the plants treated with solution of Ferbanat L 0.2% (16.5 cm) and 0.3% (14.4 cm) had significant effect as well. The nano-fertilizer had not positive effect on the other examined parameters as leaf and flower size, number of flower buds or chlorophyll content. The culture period shortened five days.

Hepatic effects of ketamine administration for 2 weeks in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kalkan ◽  
Y. Tomak ◽  
D. Altuner ◽  
L. Tumkaya ◽  
H. Bostan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Immunohistological Staining ◽  
Tissue Specimens

The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term and high-dose application of ketamine on the liver by employing histologic and biochemical methods. A total of 30 male rats were randomly assigned to control and four treatment groups ( n: 6). Saline for control group and different doses of ketamine for four treatment groups (40, 60, 80 and 100 mg kg−1) were administered intraperitoneal twice a day for 2 weeks. Immunohistological staining, light and electron microscopy were used to study tissue specimens. Histopathological changes were more severe and diverse in groups 80 and 100 mg kg−1 day−1, and the least significant change was observed in groups 40 and 60 mg kg−1 day−1. The most important ultrastructural changes were seen in mitochondria and in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The immunoreactivity of calcineurin was determined as different. Prolonged use of ketamine caused hepatocellualar toxicity and histological changes in hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner in all experimental groups.

scholarly journals Ground reaction force profiles after partial and pancarpal arthrodesis in dogs

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rytz ◽  
R. Vannini ◽  
K. Voss ◽  
A. A. Andreoni
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Force Profiles

Summary Objectives: To evaluate and compare long-term functional outcome after partial carpal arthrodesis and pancarpal arthrodesis in dogs using kinetic gait analysis. Methods: Fourteen dogs with 19 partial carpal or pancarpal arthrodeses were retrospectively examined and underwent force-plate gait analysis. Mean times since surgery were 29.4 and 24.4 months for pancarpal and partial carpal arthrodesis respectively. Vertical and braking-propulsive ground reaction force profiles were compared between treatment groups, and to those of normal dogs (control group) using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance. Results: With the exception of time to vertical peak that occurred earlier in dogs with pancarpal than in dogs with partial carpal arthrodesis (p <0.01), there was no difference between the two treatment groups. Several parameters differed significantly between operated and healthy dogs (p <0.01): vertical impulses were significantly lower in both treatment groups, braking forces and impulses were also reduced after both techniques. Propulsive forces and impulses were only reduced in dogs with pancarpal arthrodesis. When comparing gait parameters of sound limbs of unilateral operated dogs to those of control dogs, braking forces and impulses (p <0.01; p <0.05) were significantly higher in the sound legs of unilateral operated dogs. Clinical Significance: Long-term outcome after partial carpal and pancarpal arthrodesis is good and comparable to each other. Propulsive action may be altered more in dogs with pancarpal arthrodesis.

Long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical disc replacement with the Prestige disc: results from a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kenneth Burkus ◽  
Regis W. Haid ◽  
Vincent C. Traynelis ◽  
Praveen V. Mummaneni
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Segmental Motion ◽  
Disc Prosthesis ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Prestige

Object The purpose of this study was to determine long-term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing anterior cervical surgery in which a cervical disc prosthesis was used to treat single-level degenerative cervical disc disease. Methods In this prospective, nonblinded study, 541 patients at 32 investigational sites were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups. The results of the investigational group, in which patients received the Prestige disc prosthesis, were compared with those of the control group, in which patients underwent an instrumented interbody fusion. Data were collected preoperatively, intraoperatively, and at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 60 months postoperatively. To date, 271 patients have completed 5 years of clinical follow-up (144 investigational and 127 control patients). Results Significant improvements in Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, Physical Component Summary scores of the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, and neck and arm pain scores were achieved by 1.5 months in both groups and sustained at 5 years. The mean NDI improvements from preoperative scores were 35.4, 36.3, and 38.4 at 24, 36, and 60 months, respectively, in the investigational group. The corresponding mean NDI improvements were 33.9, 31.3, and 34.1 in the control group. The intergroup differences at both 36 and 60 months were significant (p = 0.008 and 0.022, respectively). The overall rates of maintenance or improvement in neurological status in the investigational group were 91.6%, 92.8%, and 95.0%, respectively, at 24, 36, and 60 months compared with 83.6%, 83.2%, and 88.9% in the control group (p = 0.006, 0.004, and 0.051, respectively). The implant effectively maintained angular motion, averaging more than 7.3° at 36 months and 6.5° at 60 months after surgery. No implant migration was observed up to 60 months. There were statistically significant differences between the investigational and control groups with regard to the rate of revision and supplemental fixation surgical procedures performed subsequent to the index procedure. Additional surgical procedures for adjacent-segment disease were observed in both treatment groups. Rates for surgery at adjacent levels trended lower in the investigational group (8 patients [11 surgeries]) compared with those in the control group (13 patients [16 surgeries]), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.376). Some of the second surgeries involved both index and adjacent levels. Conclusions The Prestige disc maintains improved clinical outcomes and segmental motion after implantation at 5-year follow-up.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Continuous Light Exposure and Western Diet on Adropin Expression, Lipid Metabolism, and Energy Homeostasis in Rats

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mustafa Ali Abulmeaty ◽  
Ali Madi Almajwal ◽  
Khalid S. Alnumair ◽  
Suhail Razak ◽  
Mai Mohammed Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Control Group

Long-term continuous light exposure (CL) and western diet (WD) effects on Adropin expression, RORα, and Rev-erb-α nuclear receptors and energy homeostasis were studied in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats (250–290 g) were enrolled for 3 months in the following groups (n = 8/group): (a) Normal control group (NC), (b) CL group, (c) WD group, and (d) CL + WD group. Then, indirect calorimetry and food intake (FI) were measured. Finally, Adropin, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured. Additionally, the histopathology and gene expression of Enho, RORα, and Rev-erb-α genes were done. The CL alone elevated the Adropin plasma level and gene expression, increased RORα expression, and decreased the Rev-erb-α nuclear receptor expression mainly in the liver and kidney. Besides, CL increased the total energy expenditure (TEE) and decreased the respiratory quotient. WD alone or in combination with the CL reversed gene expression of Enho, RORα, and Rev-erb-α. Combined CL and WD increased the TEE, reduced the food intake, increased the ATGL, and reduced the Adropin level in addition to widespread degenerative changes in the liver, spleen, and renal tissues. The deleterious effects of CL and WD on energy homeostasis may include Adropin with the involvement of the RORα and Rev-erb-α nuclear receptors.

scholarly journals Reversible skeletal disease and high fluoride serum levels in hematologic patients receiving voriconazole

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 2390-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Gerber ◽  
Roman Guggenberger ◽  
David Fasler ◽  
Gayathri Nair ◽  
Markus G. Manz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Cessation Of Treatment

Abstract We here investigate the occurrence of fluoride intake-associated alterations in patients with hematologic disease on triazol antifungal medication. Clinical, laboratory, and radiology data of overall 43 patients with hematologic malignancies taking voriconazole (n = 20), posaconazole (n = 8), and itraconazole (n = 4), and a hematologic patient control group (n = 11) are described. Bone pain and radiologic evidence of periostitis were exclusively observed in patients receiving long-term voriconazole. Cessation of treatment led to clinical improvement in all cases. In line with clinical evidence, fluoride serum concentration was elevated in patients receiving voriconazole (median, 156.5 μg/L; interquartile range, 96.8 μg/L; normal < 30 μg/L) but not in the other treatment groups (P < .001 for all comparisons vs voriconazole). We conclude that serum fluoride levels were elevated on average 5-fold above normal levels in hematologic patients receiving voriconazole. Clinically relevant skeletal disease was associated with renal insufficiency and above 10-fold elevated fluoride levels, and was reversible on termination of voriconazole treatment.

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