Difficulties in Getting to Sleep and their Association with Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Adolescents: Does the Sleeping Duration Influence this Association?

Sleep problems are common in adolescence with a negative impact on the mental health and functioning of adolescents. However, the roles of different sleep problems in relation to emotional and behavioural problems (EBPs), classified according to the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases as emotional, conduct, hyperactivity and social functioning disorders, are not clear. The first aim of the study was to investigate the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs in adolescents. The second aim was to explore the role of sleep duration in this association. We used data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2018 in Slovakia. Presented are results for specific age groups of 13-year-old (N = 1909) and 15-year-old (N = 1293) adolescents. Subjective measures of sleep variables were used. Binary logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender were used to assess associations between difficulties in getting to sleep, sleep duration and EBPs measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Modification of the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs by sleep duration was also explored. We found that difficulties in getting to sleep at least once a week as well as insufficient sleep (less than 8 h) increased the probability of EBPs. Interactions of sleep duration with difficulties in getting to sleep on EBPs were found to be non-significant. The results suggest that caregivers and clinicians should screen and intervene for both sleep quality and quantity problems in adolescents as they might indicate and promote EBPs.

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P036 Trajectories of emotional and behavioural problems in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children: Role of sleep and cultural attachment

SLEEP Advances ◽

10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab014.084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A33-A33

Author(s):

Y Fatima ◽

R Bucks ◽

S King ◽

S Solomon ◽

T Skinner

Keyword(s):

Torres Strait Islander ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Behavioural Problem ◽

Behavioural Problems ◽

Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Indigenous Children ◽

Torres Strait ◽

Cultural Attachment

Abstract Purpose This study explored the link between sleep and emotional and behavioural problems and assessed whether cultural attachment reduces the risk of emotional and behavioural problems in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) children. Methods The data from wave 5 to wave 10 of the Footprints in Time cohort were used. Multi-trajectory modelling was used to identify sleep trajectories using weekday sleep duration, weekday bedtimes, wake times, and sleep problems (waves 5, 7 & 10). Trajectories of emotional and behavioural problems were derived from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) data (waves 6, 8 & 10). Cultural attachment assessment included the knowledge of Indigenous language, clan, people, family stories/history and other cultural practice. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the link between sleep and emotional and behavioural problems. Results Analysis of sleep data from 1270 Indigenous children (50.6% females, mean age 6.3 years (±1.5)) identified four distinct trajectories: early sleepers/early risers (19.3%); early/long sleepers (22.1%), normative sleepers (47.8%), and late sleepers (10.8%). Three emotional and behavioural problem trajectories emerged: low stable (49.1%), high decreasing (40.5%), and high stable (10.4%). Early sleepers//early risers (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28–0.82) and children with strong cultural attachment (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27–0.82) had lower odds of being in the high emotional and behavioural problem trajectory group. Conclusions Early bedtime in children may reduce the risk of future emotional and behavioural problems. The protective effect of cultural attachment further highlights the need for strengths-based approaches to reduce mental health issues in Indigenous children.

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Sleep problems, behavioural problems and respiratory health in children born extremely preterm: a parental questionnaire study

BMJ Paediatrics Open ◽

10.1136/bmjpo-2019-000534 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. e000534

Author(s):

Kristine Marie Stangenes ◽

Mari Hysing ◽

Irene Bircow Elgen ◽

Thomas Halvorsen ◽

Trond Markestad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Health Problems ◽

Behavioural Problems ◽

Falling Asleep ◽

Extremely Preterm ◽

Different Types

ObjectiveTo explore whether children born extremely preterm (EPT) with different types of sleep problems had more behavioural and respiratory health problems than EPT children without sleep problems.DesignProspective, nationwide, questionnaire-based study. At 11 years of age, parents reported on four current sleep problems: difficulty falling asleep or frequent awakenings, snoring, daytime sleepiness and not recommended sleep duration (<9 hours). Behavioural problems were assessed by parents and teachers with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Parents assessed respiratory symptoms with the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire and described use of asthma medication.SettingNorway.PatientsEPT children.Main outcome measuresSpecified sleep problems, behavioural problems and respiratory health.ResultsData were obtained from 216 of 372 (58 %) of eligible children. All four specified sleep problems were associated with significantly higher parent-reported SDQ total-score (OR 1.1 for all), and except for not recommended sleep duration, also with higher teacher-reported SDQ total-score (OR 1.1 for all). Daytime sleepiness was strongly associated with wheezing last 12 months (OR 3.4), disturbed sleep due to wheezing (OR 3.9), wheeze during or after exercise (OR 2.9), use of inhaled corticosteroids or oral leukotriene modifiers (OR 3.4) and use of bronchodilators (OR 3.9). Snoring was associated with wheezing during or after exercise (OR 2.8) and current asthma (OR 4.2).ConclusionEPT children with different types of sleep problems had more behavioural and respiratory health problems than EPT children without sleep problems.

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Mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a temporal trend analysis in Brazil, 1979-2014

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37562017000000035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 445-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eduardo Algranti ◽

Cézar Akiyoshi Saito ◽

Diego Rodrigues Mendonça e Silva ◽

Ana Paula Scalia Carneiro ◽

Marco Antonio Bussacos

Keyword(s):

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Temporal Trend ◽

Population Aging ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Age Group ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

And Gender

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Brazil over the period 1979-2014. Methods: Microdata were extracted from the Brazilian National Ministry of Health Mortality Database. Only deaths for which the underlying cause was coded as International Classification of Diseases version 9 (ICD-9) 515 or 516.3 (until 1995) or as ICD version 10 (ICD-10) J84.1 (from 1996 onward) were included in our analysis. Standardized mortality rates were calculated for the 2010 Brazilian population. The annual trend in mortality rates was analyzed by joinpoint regression. We calculated risk ratios (RRs) by age group, time period of death, and gender, using a person-years denominator. Results: A total of 32,092 deaths were recorded in the study period. Standardized mortality rates trended upward, rising from 0.24/100,000 population in 1979 to 1.10/100,000 population in 2014. The annual upward trend in mortality rates had two inflection points, in 1992 and 2008, separating three distinct time segments with an annual growth of 2.2%, 6.8%, and 2.4%, respectively. The comparison of RRs for the age groups, using the 50- to 54-year age group as a reference, and for the study period, using 1979-1984 as a reference, were 16.14 (14.44-16.36) and 6.71 (6.34-7.12), respectively. Men compared with women had higher standardized mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) in all age groups. Conclusion: Brazilian IPF mortality rates are lower than those of other countries, suggesting underdiagnosis or underreporting. The temporal trend is similar to those reported in the literature and is not explained solely by population aging.

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Emotional and Behavioural Problems and Competencies among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Adolescents

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.3109/00048679809113120 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 658-665 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Lisa C. Davies ◽

Robert S. McKelvey

Keyword(s):

School Setting ◽

Multiple Informants ◽

Self Report ◽

Behavioural Problems ◽

Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽

Immigrant Adolescents ◽

Intact Families ◽

Externalising Problems ◽

The Social ◽

And Gender

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare levels of emotional and behavioural problems and competencies among immigrant and non-immigrant adolescents, and to determine factors that may contribute to any differences reported. Method: Subjects were selected randomly from students aged 12-16 years attending a high school with a high proportion of immigrants in Perth, Western Australia. Parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), and students completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and a Personal History Questionnaire. Results: On univariate analyses, non-immigrant adolescents had significantly higher CBCL and YSR scores than immigrant adolescents. Multivariate analyses suggested that CBCL scores were predicted by a number of variables other than immigration, including family intactness, socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. Higher YSR scores were predicted by non-intact families, school setting and non-immigrant status, and higher competencies scores were predicted by higher SES and parents not being immigrants. Conclusions: In assessing the effects of immigration on adolescent mental health, it is important to control for factors associated with adolescent behavioural and emotional problems and to use multiple informants. Overall, immigrant adolescents report fewer total and externalising problems and fewer competencies than native-born adolescents. This finding may reflect strict immigration policies or cultural differences in definitions of psychopathology and the social expectations for adolescents' behaviour.

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COVID-19 illness in relation to sleep and burnout

BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health ◽

10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000228 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bmjnph-2021-000228

Author(s):

Hyunju Kim ◽

Sheila Hegde ◽

Christine LaFiura ◽

Madhunika Raghavan ◽

Eric Luong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

High Risk ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

High Level ◽

Daytime Nap

BackgroundSleep habits and burnout have been shown to be associated with increase in infectious diseases, but it is unknown if these factors are associated with risk of COVID-19. We assessed whether sleep and self-reported burnout may be risk factors for COVID-19 among high-risk healthcare workers (HCWs).MethodsFrom 17 July to 25 September 2020, a web-based survey was administered to HCWs in six countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, USA) with a high frequency of workplace exposure. Participants provided information on demographics, sleep (number of sleep hours at night, daytime napping hours, sleep problems), burnout from work and COVID-19 exposures. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models to evaluate the associations between sleep, burnout and COVID-19.ResultsAmong 2884 exposed HCWs, there were 568 COVID-19 cases and 2316 controls. After adjusting for confounders, 1-hour longer sleep duration at night was associated with 12% lower odds of COVID-19 (p=0.003). Daytime napping hours was associated with 6% higher odds, but the association varied by countries, with a non-significant inverse association in Spain. Compared with having no sleep problems, having three sleep problems was associated with 88% greater odds of COVID-19. Reporting burnout ‘every day’ was associated with greater odds of COVID-19 (OR: 2.60, 95% CI 1.57 to 4.31, p trend across categories=0.001), longer duration (OR: 2.98, 95% CI 1.10 to 8.05, p trend=0.02) and severity (OR: 3.26, 95% CI 1.25 to 8.48, p trend=0.02) compared with reporting no burnout. These associations remained significant after adjusting for frequency of COVID-19 exposures.ConclusionsIn six countries, longer sleep duration was associated with lower odds of COVID-19, but the association with daytime nap may not be consistent across countries. Greater sleep problems and high level of burnout were robustly associated with greater odds of COVID-19. Sleep and burnout may be risk factors for COVID-19 in high-risk HCWs.

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Care improves self-reported daily functioning of adolescents with emotional and behavioural problems

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1007/s00787-021-01812-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vera Verhage ◽

Sijmen. A. Reijneveld ◽

Charlotte Wunderink ◽

Hans Grietens ◽

Josue Almansa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Real Life ◽

Psychosocial Care ◽

Behavioural Problems ◽

Life Domains ◽

Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽

Probit Regression ◽

After Care

AbstractEmotional and behavioural problems (EBP) have a negative impact on various life domains of adolescents. Receiving care for EBP may improve the functioning of adolescents with EBP, but evidence on long-term outcomes in real-life settings is lacking. We, therefore, investigated self-reported functioning in different life domains of adolescents with various EBP, and the role of care during a three-year period. We used data from the TAKECARE study, which consist of a care and community cohort. We followed adolescents aged 12 and over (n = 733) during 3 years over five assessment rounds. Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, self-reported functioning was measured in four life domains: home life, friendships, classroom learning and leisure activities. We categorized the respondents into four groups: (1) adolescents without emotional and behavioural problems (n = 298); (2) adolescents with emotional problems (n = 192); (3) adolescents with behavioural problems (n = 80); and (4) adolescents with both emotional and behavioural problems (n = 163). The development of functioning over time was analyzed using longitudinal ordinal (probit) regression analyses. Adolescents with both emotional and behavioural problems reported poorer functioning at baseline in all domains and adolescents who received care reported poorer functioning at baseline compared to adolescents who did not receive care. Regarding the change in functioning during the 3 years, adolescents who received care showed improved functioning in all domains. We found improved functioning after care, even if the problems may not have been solved. Psychosocial care can contribute to the functioning of adolescents with EBP, which can have major effects on their future life.

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Daily lifestyle behaviors and risks of sarcopenia among older adults

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00498-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pei-Lin Tzeng ◽

Chien-Yu Lin ◽

Ting-Fu Lai ◽

Wan-Chi Huang ◽

Evonne Pien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Food Selection ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Lifestyle Behaviors ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background Lifestyle behaviors are modifiable factors that can provide information for designing intervention strategies for sarcopenia. The present study aimed to identify the relationships between a range of daily lifestyle behaviors and sarcopenia risks among older adults. Methods A nationwide telephone-based survey targeting older adults (≥65 years) was performed in Taiwan. Data based on self-reported daily lifestyle behaviors (food selection, physical activity, sitting time, and sleep duration), the presence or absence of sarcopenia (measured by SARC-F), and personal characteristics were obtained. Binary logistic regression models were applied. Results A total of 1068 older adults participated in this survey. In the adjusted model, older adults who selected unbalanced foods (odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–3.34), engaged in insufficient physical activity (OR = 5.14, 95% CI = 3.04–8.70), and sat for longer periods of time (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.09–3.59) were more likely to have higher risks of sarcopenia. No significant association was observed for sleep duration. Conclusions The results of this study highlight that, among health behaviors, an unbalanced food selection (six nutrients), not meeting physical activity recommendations (150 min/week), and a higher sitting time (≥7 h/day) were risk factors for sarcopenia among older adults. Intervention programs for sarcopenia prevention in older adults should focus on promoting balanced food selection, sufficient physical activity, and reduced sitting time.

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Energy Drinks Consumption Associated with Emotional and Behavioural Problems via Lack of Sleep and Skipped Breakfast among Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6055

Author(s):

Zuzana Dankulincova Veselska ◽

Daniela Husarova ◽

Michaela Kosticova

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Energy Drinks ◽

Energy Drink ◽

Behavioural Problems ◽

Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽

Breakfast Consumption ◽

Energy Drink Consumption ◽

Lack Of Sleep ◽

Hbsc Study

The aim of our study was to explore whether energy drink consumption is associated with both emotional and behavioural problems and whether this association might be mediated by amount of sleep and breakfast consumption among adolescents. The nationally representative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, realised in 2018 in Slovakia in schools, was used to acquire needed data, with the research sample of 8405 adolescents from 11 to 15 years old (mean age = 13.43; 50.9% boys) who completed the questionnaires on their own in a presence of researchers and research assistants. Emotional and behavioural problems were assessed by a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, while energy drinks consumption, breakfast consumption and sleep duration was assessed by questions in line with the HBSC study protocol. Linear regression models assessed the associations between energy drinks consumption and emotional and behavioural problems. Mediation by sleep duration and breakfast consumption was assessed with parallel mediation models. Energy drink consumption was significantly associated with emotional (p < 0.001) and behavioural problems (p < 0.001), with higher consumption of energy drinks leading to more emotional and behavioural problems. Results from a parallel mediation analysis indicated that energy drink consumption is indirectly related to both emotional and behavioural problems through its relationship with the amount of sleep and breakfast consumption. Parents and professionals working with adolescents should be aware that unhealthy dietary habits and lack of sleep might be related to emotional and behavioural problems.

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Prospective Analysis Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Admission and Development of Delirium Among Older Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnagi.2021.764334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Eduardo Fernández-Jiménez ◽

Ainoa Muñoz-Sanjose ◽

Roberto Mediavilla ◽

Gonzalo Martínez-Alés ◽

Iker I. Louzao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Illness Severity ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Medical Comorbidity ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Prospective Association

Objective: To examine any prospective association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at hospital admission and subsequent delirium in older COVID-19 hospitalized patients comparing by sex and age groups.Methods: The sample consisted of 1,785 COVID-19 adult inpatients (minimum sample size required of 635 participants) admitted to a public general hospital in Madrid (Spain) between March 16th and April 15th, 2020. Variables were obtained from electronic health records. Binary logistic regression models were performed between baseline NLR and delirium adjusting for age, sex, medical comorbidity, current illness severity, serious mental illness history and use of chloroquine and dexamethasone. An NLR cut-off was identified, and stratified analyses were performed by age and sex. Also, another biomarker was tested as an exposure (the systemic immune-inflammation index –SII).Results: 55.3% of the patients were men, with a mean age of 66.8 years. Roughly 13% of the patients had delirium during hospitalization. NLR on admission predicted subsequent delirium development (adjusted OR = 1.02, 95 percent CI: 1.00–1.04, p = 0.024). Patients between 69 and 80 years with NLR values > 6.3 presented a twofold increased risk for delirium (p = 0.004). There were no sex differences in the association between baseline NLR and delirium (p > 0.05) nor SII predicted delirium development (p = 0.341).Conclusion: NLR is a good predictor of delirium during hospitalization, especially among older adults, independently of medical comorbidity, illness severity, and other covariates. Routine blood tests on admission might provide valuable information to guide the decision-making process to be followed with these especially vulnerable patients.

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Association between self-reported dizziness and asymmetric hearing loss in the older adults

Revista CEFAC ◽

10.1590/1982-0216/202022116118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Carla Oliveira Garcia ◽

Adrian Fuente ◽

Alejandro Ianiszewski ◽

Teresa Maria Momensohn dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Female Gender ◽

Rehabilitation Service ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Rehabilitation Programs ◽

Auditory Rehabilitation ◽

And Gender ◽

Asymmetric Hearing Loss

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the association between self-reported dizziness, degree and symmetry of hearing loss, age and gender in a sample of older adults. Methods: this retrospective study included the analysis of 440 records of older adults with a mean age of 72.9 years, enrolled from 2011 to 2015 in an auditory rehabilitation service. Binary logistic regression models were performed between the variables, and the data was analyzed using the SPSS 24.00 software. For all tests, alpha values were considered significant when lower than 0.05. Results: in the sample, 78 (17.7%) older adults had asymmetric hearing loss, and 27 (34.6%) of them complained of dizziness. Self-reported complaint of dizziness was significantly associated with female gender (p<0,001), to severe hearing loss (p<0,001), age under 70 years, and with asymmetric hearing loss(p<0,001). Conclusion: in this study, younger female elderlies with severe asymmetric hearing loss presented self-reported complaint of dizziness . These results suggest that this population should be routinely screened for balance problems in order to provide rehabilitation programs to avoid future falls.

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