scholarly journals Association between self-reported dizziness and asymmetric hearing loss in the older adults

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carla Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Adrian Fuente ◽  
Alejandro Ianiszewski ◽  
Teresa Maria Momensohn dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Auditory Rehabilitation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Asymmetric Hearing Loss

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the association between self-reported dizziness, degree and symmetry of hearing loss, age and gender in a sample of older adults. Methods: this retrospective study included the analysis of 440 records of older adults with a mean age of 72.9 years, enrolled from 2011 to 2015 in an auditory rehabilitation service. Binary logistic regression models were performed between the variables, and the data was analyzed using the SPSS 24.00 software. For all tests, alpha values were considered significant when lower than 0.05. Results: in the sample, 78 (17.7%) older adults had asymmetric hearing loss, and 27 (34.6%) of them complained of dizziness. Self-reported complaint of dizziness was significantly associated with female gender (p<0,001), to severe hearing loss (p<0,001), age under 70 years, and with asymmetric hearing loss(p<0,001). Conclusion: in this study, younger female elderlies with severe asymmetric hearing loss presented self-reported complaint of dizziness . These results suggest that this population should be routinely screened for balance problems in order to provide rehabilitation programs to avoid future falls.

scholarly journals Associations Between Hearing Loss, Loneliness, and Social Isolation: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 318-318
Author(s):  
Jonathan Suen ◽  
Aishwarya Shukla ◽  
Adele Goman ◽  
Carrie Price ◽  
Frank Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Aural Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Hearing loss is highly prevalent among older adults, as is occurrences of loneliness and social isolation. Both loneliness and social isolation are also associated with insidious outcomes such as earlier mortality from all-causes and higher prevalence of chronic comorbidities. The purpose of this review is to synthesize published investigations that report on the associations between hearing loss with loneliness and social isolation. A systematic search through PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library identified an initial total of 2495 references. Two independent reviewers screened articles for inclusion, with a third reviewer adjudicating. Studies published in English of older adults with hearing loss that also assessed loneliness and/or social isolation using a validated measure were included. Investigators used a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) to appraise study quality. A final total of 14 articles were included in the review. The majority (12/14) were cross-sectional in design. Assessment methods were varied across hearing status, loneliness, and social isolation. Despite this heterogeneity, most multivariable adjusted investigations revealed that hearing loss was significantly associated with higher risks for both phenomena. Several studies also revealed this association to vary across gender, with women showing a stronger association than men. Our findings indicate that hearing loss is associated with both loneliness and social isolation, which have important implications for the cognitive and psychosocial health of older adults. Future investigations should examine possible underlying mechanisms of these relationships, as well as the efficacy of interventions through aural rehabilitation programs in addressing loneliness and social isolation.

scholarly journals Perception of risk for hypertension and overweight/obesity in Cape Coast, Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Derek A. Tuoyire ◽  
Sarah McNair ◽  
Samuel A. Debrah ◽  
Rosemary B. Duda
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Weight Outcomes

Background: This study examined the association between perception of risk for hypertension and overweight/obesity.Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire-based surveySetting: Out-patient department of the Central Regional Hospital in Cape Coast, Ghana Participants: Adult men and women at least 18 years oldInterventions: NoneMain outcome measures: Perception of risk for hypertension, overweight/obesityResults: About 39% of the participants (N=400) were found to be overweight/obese, with disproportionally higher rates among women (50%) than men (28%). Results of the binary logistic regression models revealed a strong positive association (OR = 2.21, 95% CI =1.23, 3.96) between perception of risk for hypertension and overweight/obesity. Increasing age, high television exposure, female gender and being in a relationship were also noted to be associated with overweight/obesity. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for the design of programmes to help individuals appreciate the reality of weight-related health risks, as well as the need to embrace lifestyles that promote healthy weight outcomes. Funding: Harvard Medical School Travelling Fellowship, Scholars in Medicine Office, Harvard Medical SchoolKeywords: overweight, obesity, risk, perception, hypertension, Cape Coast, Ghana

scholarly journals Aging, Cognitive Decline and Hearing Loss: Effects of Auditory Rehabilitation and Training with Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants on Cognitive Function and Depression among Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Castiglione ◽  
Alice Benatti ◽  
Carmelita Velardita ◽  
Diego Favaro ◽  
Elisa Padoan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Auditory Rehabilitation

A growing interest in cognitive effects associated with speech and hearing processes is spreading throughout the scientific community essentially guided by evidence that central and peripheral hearing loss is associated with cognitive decline. For the present research, 125 participants older than 65 years of age (105 with hearing impairment and 20 with normal hearing) were enrolled, divided into 6 groups according to their degree of hearing loss and assessed to determine the effects of the treatment applied. Patients in our research program routinely undergo an extensive audiological and cognitive evaluation protocol providing results from the Digit Span test, Stroop color-word test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Geriatric Depression Scale, before and after rehabilitation. Data analysis was performed for a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of the outcomes for the different treatment groups. Each group demonstrated improvement after auditory rehabilitation or training on short- and long-term memory tasks, level of depression and cognitive status scores. Auditory rehabilitation by cochlear implants or hearing aids is effective also among older adults (median age of 74 years) with different degrees of hearing loss, and enables positive improvements in terms of social isolation, depression and cognitive performance.

scholarly journals SART and Individual Trial Mistake Thresholds: Predictive Model for Mobility Decline

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Rossella Rizzo ◽  
Silvin Paul Knight ◽  
James R. C. Davis ◽  
Louise Newman ◽  
Eoin Duggan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Individual Trial

The Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) has been used to measure neurocognitive functions in older adults. However, simplified average features of this complex dataset may result in loss of primary information and fail to express associations between test performance and clinically meaningful outcomes. Here, we describe a new method to visualise individual trial (raw) information obtained from the SART test, vis-à-vis age, and groups based on mobility status in a large population-based study of ageing in Ireland. A thresholding method, based on the individual trial number of mistakes, was employed to better visualise poorer SART performances, and was statistically validated with binary logistic regression models to predict mobility and cognitive decline after 4 years. Raw SART data were available for 4864 participants aged 50 years and over at baseline. The novel visualisation-derived feature bad performance, indicating the number of SART trials with at least 4 mistakes, was the most significant predictor of mobility decline expressed by the transition from Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) < 12 to TUG ≥ 12 s (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.14–1.46; p < 0.001), and the only significant predictor of new falls (OR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.03–1.21; p = 0.011), in models adjusted for multiple covariates. However, no SART-related variables resulted significant for the risk of cognitive decline, expressed by a decrease of ≥ 2 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. This novel multimodal visualisation could help clinicians easily develop clinical hypotheses. A threshold approach to the evaluation of SART performance in older adults may better identify subjects at higher risk of future mobility decline.

scholarly journals Difficulties in Getting to Sleep and their Association with Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Adolescents: Does the Sleeping Duration Influence this Association?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Kosticova ◽  
Daniela Husarova ◽  
Zuzana Dankulincova
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Emotional And Behavioural Problems ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
And Gender

Sleep problems are common in adolescence with a negative impact on the mental health and functioning of adolescents. However, the roles of different sleep problems in relation to emotional and behavioural problems (EBPs), classified according to the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases as emotional, conduct, hyperactivity and social functioning disorders, are not clear. The first aim of the study was to investigate the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs in adolescents. The second aim was to explore the role of sleep duration in this association. We used data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2018 in Slovakia. Presented are results for specific age groups of 13-year-old (N = 1909) and 15-year-old (N = 1293) adolescents. Subjective measures of sleep variables were used. Binary logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender were used to assess associations between difficulties in getting to sleep, sleep duration and EBPs measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Modification of the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs by sleep duration was also explored. We found that difficulties in getting to sleep at least once a week as well as insufficient sleep (less than 8 h) increased the probability of EBPs. Interactions of sleep duration with difficulties in getting to sleep on EBPs were found to be non-significant. The results suggest that caregivers and clinicians should screen and intervene for both sleep quality and quantity problems in adolescents as they might indicate and promote EBPs.

Physical Activity Frequency Among Older Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes: Associations With Sociodemographics, Comorbidity, and Medical Advice

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-651
Author(s):  
Namkee G. Choi ◽  
Diana M. DiNitto ◽  
John E. Sullivan ◽  
Bryan Y. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Activity Frequency ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

To examine the differences in physical activity (PA) between older adults with and without diabetes/prediabetes and the correlates of PA frequency and associations between medical advice on PA and/or diet/weight loss and increasing PA among those with diabetes/prediabetes. Multinomial and binary logistic regression models using 2016–2017 National Health Interview Survey data (N = 4,860 aged 65+ years with diabetes/prediabetes). About 44.2% of those with diabetes/prediabetes, compared with 48.1% of a matched sample without, engaged in any PA three plus times a week. The low PA group (PA frequency was zero to two times a week) was more socioeconomically disadvantaged and had more chronic illnesses than the medium (three to four times a week) or high (five plus times a week) PA groups. Any PA and/or diet/weight loss medical advice was associated with two to three times higher odds of increasing PA. Health care providers should consider prescribing PA and/or diet/weight loss for patients with diabetes/prediabetes.

Older Lifelong Learners’ Motivations for Participating in Formal Volunteer Activities in Urban Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yamashita ◽  
Erick B. López ◽  
Marta Soligo ◽  
Jennifer R. Keene
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lifelong Learners ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Learning Programs

In recent years, volunteering has received increasing attention as a unique form of learning, one which may complement lifelong learning programs for older adults. This study examined the underlying volunteer motivations as well as formal volunteer behaviors among older adult lifelong learners. Data from 277 members of the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute in an urban community in the western part of the United States were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and binary logistic regression models. Results showed that generativity (i.e., a desire to help next generations or communities), personal development, and well-being are salient underlying volunteer motivators. However, only generativity was associated with actual volunteering among older lifelong learners (odds ratio = 1.55; standard error = .17; p < .05). These findings suggested that existing lifelong learning programs might consider incorporating volunteer-based service learning components into their curricula in order to further promote the benefits of lifelong learning among older adults.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correction of near vision impairment at Kaski, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
YD Sapkota ◽  
S Dulal ◽  
GP Pokharel ◽  
B Pant ◽  
LB Ellwein
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Near Vision ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The People ◽  
Near Visual Acuity ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Presbyopia is an important cause of avoidable visual disability. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of near vision impairment and spectacle coverage among middle and older-aged adults in rural Nepal. Materials and methods: The surveys was carried out among the people of age 35 and over in randomly-selected cluster samples in rural settings of Kaski district of western Nepal, Near visual acuity, with and without presenting near correction, was measured at 40 cm using a LogMAR near vision tumbling E chart under ambient indoor lighting. Subjects with uncorrected binocular distance vision of 20/40 or worse were refracted and those with near vision of 20/40 or worse tested with plus sphere to obtain the best-corrected binocular near visual acuity. Results: A total of 2,360 persons aged 35 years and over were enumerated and 2,156 (91.3 %) were examined. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence of uncorrected near visual impairment (vision of 20/40 or worse) in study population was found to be 66.1 %. Near vision could not be corrected (>20/40) even after distance and near vision correction in 6.4 % . Using the multiple logistic regression models, uncorrected visual impairment was associated with an older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, P < 0.001) and a lower educational level (OR = 1.11, P = 0.01) was less associated with female gender (OR = 0.72, P = 0.038). Over 90 % of people with near visual impairment did not have spectacles. Conclusion: The prevalence of presbyopia appears to be higher with an earlier onset and over 90 % of people in need of near correction do not have spectacles in this setting. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i1.5845 NEPJOPH 2012; 4(1): 17-22

scholarly journals Daily lifestyle behaviors and risks of sarcopenia among older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Lin Tzeng ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Ting-Fu Lai ◽  
Wan-Chi Huang ◽  
Evonne Pien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background Lifestyle behaviors are modifiable factors that can provide information for designing intervention strategies for sarcopenia. The present study aimed to identify the relationships between a range of daily lifestyle behaviors and sarcopenia risks among older adults. Methods A nationwide telephone-based survey targeting older adults (≥65 years) was performed in Taiwan. Data based on self-reported daily lifestyle behaviors (food selection, physical activity, sitting time, and sleep duration), the presence or absence of sarcopenia (measured by SARC-F), and personal characteristics were obtained. Binary logistic regression models were applied. Results A total of 1068 older adults participated in this survey. In the adjusted model, older adults who selected unbalanced foods (odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–3.34), engaged in insufficient physical activity (OR = 5.14, 95% CI = 3.04–8.70), and sat for longer periods of time (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.09–3.59) were more likely to have higher risks of sarcopenia. No significant association was observed for sleep duration. Conclusions The results of this study highlight that, among health behaviors, an unbalanced food selection (six nutrients), not meeting physical activity recommendations (150 min/week), and a higher sitting time (≥7 h/day) were risk factors for sarcopenia among older adults. Intervention programs for sarcopenia prevention in older adults should focus on promoting balanced food selection, sufficient physical activity, and reduced sitting time.

scholarly journals CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY OF OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
P.D. St. John ◽  
S.L. Tyas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To determine which causes of death are most closely associated with depressive symptoms. Methods: 1751 community-living older adults were assessed in 1991 and followed five years later. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression (CES-D) scale. Death certificates were reviewed independently by two reviewers. Multinomial logistic regression models were adjusted for age and gender, and constructed with specific causes of death as the outcome compared to the reference category of being alive at time 2. Results: Death certificates were available for 253 (59%) of the 429 deceased participants. Those with depressive symptoms were more likely to die from cardiovascular diseases, stroke, respiratory diseases and non-specific syndromes, but not from infections or neoplasms. There were few deaths due to neurologic, renal, and gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms may be associated with death due to cardiovascular disease, stroke and respiratory disease.

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