scholarly journals Comparison of Cortisol level by Shift Cycle in Korean Firefighters

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ga-Young Lim ◽  
Tae-Won Jang ◽  
Chang-Sun Sim ◽  
Yeon Soon Ahn ◽  
Kyoung Sook Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Urine Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Current Shift ◽  
Night Shifts

(1) Study Objectives: By investigating the change of cortisol levels during shift cycles among professional firefighters in Korea, this study aims to evaluate the difference between individuals’ stress response and the recovery of their circadian rhythm after working night shifts. (2) Methods: A total of 325 shift firefighters, who were working in 3, 6, 9, or 21 day cycles, participated in the study. Their urinary and serum cortisol levels were measured during the day (09–18), during the night (18–09), and every 24 h (09–09) per shift cycle, and adjustments were made for confounding factors. (3) Results: Serum cortisol levels were significantly increased after working during the night or for 24 h compared with that of working throughout the day. However, whether working night or 24 h shifts, the serum cortisol levels were undoubtedly different based on the 3, 6, 9, or 21 day cycles. In all shift cycles, the urinary cortisol level decreased during the night or throughout the 24 h shifts compared with sleeping during this time, but this was considered to be significantly applicable only to those working in 21 day cycles. Additionally, in serial measurements, the recovery of urinary cortisol secretion after a night or 24 h shift was successful for individuals working in 9 day cycles, but the recovery was delayed for those working in 6 or 21 day cycles. (4) Conclusions: After analyzing the urine cortisol levels, the study indicates that only subjects working in 9 day cycles fully recovered their circadian rhythm while those working in 6 day or 21 day cycles did not completely recover. Therefore, it is important to recognize how stressful night shifts can be, and it is crucial to enhance firefighters’ current shift cycles in order to allow sufficient recovery of their circadian rhythm as well as the prevention of disrupting their circadian rhythm after working at night. Further research is necessary to take into account the amount of work load, the challenges of being sleep deprived, and the individual’s capacity to overcome sleepiness.

scholarly journals Perioperative serum cortisol levels at different operative accesses to femoral segment arteries

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-720
Author(s):  
A V Maximov ◽  
A K Feiskhanov ◽  
M V Plotnikov ◽  
E V Begicheva ◽  
E V Tuisheva
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Serum Cortisol Level ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Group I ◽  
Reconstructive Operations ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The Difference

Aim. To compare invasiveness of reconstructive operations on arteries of aortofemoral segment using different accesses to surgical site. Methods. The analysis of the post-operative period was carried out in 40 patients who underwent aortofemoral bifurcation bypass surgery. Patients were assigned to 4 groups, each containing 10 patients. In group I surgeries were performed using mini-access of 5-7 cm, group II - mini-laparotomic access of 8-12 cm, group III - retroperitoneal mini-access, group IV - standard laparotomy. For invasiveness objectification, serum cortisol levels, forced lungs vital capacity and postoperative pain levels were measured. Results. All surgeries were performed as planned without inoperative complications. No deaths were registered. After mini-access surgeries intestinal peristalsis was defined by auscultation as soon as on 18-24 hour after the operation. Prolonged (more than 3 days) post-operative ileus was diagnosed in 3 patients, all operated using standard laparotomy. Serum cortisol level was typically elevated at the end of the surgery, but the difference was only statistically significant in patients from the group IV compared to baseline level as well as to patients with mini-access surgeries. Serum cortisol level reduced to normal at the second 24-hours after the surgery. Patients in which standard laparotomy was used reported more intense pain at the second day. Forced lungs vital capacity at day 4 was significantly reduced in patients of groups I, III and IV, with the significantly worse reduction in patients who overcame standard laparotomy compared to others. Conclusion. Mini-access reconstructive surgeries on aortofemoral segment arteries provide significant reduction of surgical trauma, which is proved by objective measurements.

scholarly journals An approach to stress assessment during hunting: Cortisol levels of wild boar (Sus scrofa) during drive hunts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Güldenpfennig ◽  
Marion Schmicke ◽  
Martina Hoedemaker ◽  
Ursula Siebert ◽  
Oliver Keuling
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOnly little is known about the effect of stress (both short-term and long-term) on wildlife species. To get an idea of stress in wildlife, we investigated the cortisol level of wild boar during drive hunts in Lower Saxony, Germany. Cortisol as one of the main stress hormone in mammals is considered to have negative impacts on the animal’s well-being if expressed excessively (repeatedly over a longer period). We analysed serum cortisol levels of 115 samples using a radioimmunoassay and compared sampling month, hunting grounds, age classes and sexes, as well as possible correlations between cortisol level and weight and pregnancy status of female wild boar. We found that cortisol levels during these drive hunts exhibit wide variation. The mean cortisol level was 411.16 nmol/L with levels ranging from 30.60 nmol/L (minimum) to 1,457.92 nmol/L (maximum). Comparing age groups and sexes, we found significant differences between the sexes, with females having a higher cortisol levels than males. After grouping age groups and sexes together, we also found significant differences based on the age-sex group. We found no correlation between cortisol levels and weight, but significantly higher cortisol levels in pregnant females compared to non-pregnant females. No differences were found between sampling months and locations, respectively. These results show the impact of drive hunts on stress in wild boar; nevertheless, this impact of drive hunts as performed in most parts of Central Europe seems to be not as high as imagined. Still, we need more information about cortisol levels and stress in (hunted) wildlife species.

Increased Total Serum Random Cortisol Levels Predict Mortality in Critically Ill Trauma Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 1112-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urmil Pandya ◽  
Nathan Polite ◽  
Teresa Wood ◽  
Michael Lieber
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity Score ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Dysfunction in the hypothalamopituitary adrenal axis is thought to exist; however, there continues to be controversy about what level of serum cortisol corresponds to adrenal insufficiency. Few studies have focused on the significance of serum random cortisol in the critically ill trauma patient. Trauma patients with total serum random cortisol levels drawn in the intensive care unit within the first seven days of hospitalization were retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome measured was in-hospital mortality. Two hundred forty-two patients were analyzed. Non-survivors had significantly higher mean cortisol levels than survivors (28.7 ± 15.80 mg/dL vs 22.9 ± 12.35 mg/dL, P = 0.01). Patients with cortisol 30 mg/dL or greater were more likely to die with odds ratio of 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 5). The odds ratio increased to 4.0 and 3.8 (95% CI, 1.4 to 11.4 and 1.3 to 10.9) when cortisol was drawn on hospital Day 2 and Days 3 through 7, respectively. Among nonsurvivors, patients with an injury severity score less than 25 had significantly higher cortisol levels than patients with an Injury Severity Score 25 or higher (35.3 ± 19.21 mg/dL vs 25.7 ± 13.21 mg/dL, P = 0.009). Patients with massive transfusion, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, or solid organ injury did not have significantly different cortisol levels. The covariate-adjusted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that cortisol level has a 77 per cent accuracy in differentiating survivors from nonsurvivors. Higher cortisol levels were predictive of mortality in critically ill trauma patients. Whether serum cortisol level is a marker that can be modified remains an area of interest for future study.

Effects of intranasal glucocorticoids on endogenous glucocorticoid peripheral and central function

1995 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Knutsson ◽  
P Stierna ◽  
C Marcus ◽  
J Carlstedt-Duke ◽  
K Carlström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Central Function ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Glucocorticoids are among the most potent anti-inflammatory agents that can be used in the treatment of rhinitis. Their mechanisms of action are multiple and complex and a number of reports describe significant systemic effects of locally administered glucocorticoids. In order to evaluate the short-term systemic effects of intranasally administered glucocorticoids, 14 normal healthy subjects were treated with two doses of either budesonide (BUD) or fluticasone propionate (FP) for 2 weeks. Before treatment, at regular intervals during the treatment, 1 week and finally 6 weeks after termination of treatment, the effects on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and methallothionein (MTIIa) mRNA expression levels were examined in peripheral lymphocytes using a solution hybridization assay. Serum cortisol, osteocalcin and urinary cortisol levels were also determined. An insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed at the end of the second week of treatment and at the end of the 6-week washout period with no statistically significant change in cortisol response. In peripheral lymphocytes, GR mRNA levels were significantly down-regulated. MTIIa mRNA levels increased significantly. Serum osteocalcin decreased significantly during treatment with both BUD and FP. Serum cortisol decreased after 1 week of treatment whereas urinary cortisol was not affected until the second week of treatment. In conclusion, intranasal glucocorticoids at clinically recommended doses have not only significant systemic effects on adrenal function, but also have an effect on specific gene expression in peripheral lymphocytes. These effects are receptor-dependent, reversible, and according to serum and urinary cortisol levels and ITT, leave the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function intact. Finally, these short-term systemic effects were not associated with any of the noticeable side-effects usually observed during long-term treatment with glucocorticoids. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 144, 301–310

scholarly journals Effects of Serum Cortisol Levels on Perinatal Prognosis in Patients with Hypertensive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaoxiang Huo ◽  
Yeqiang Qin ◽  
Xiucui Bao ◽  
Xiaoling Yao ◽  
Zhangwei Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serum Cortisol Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Case Number

Objective: To investigate the effect of serum cortisol level on perinatal prognosis in patients with hypertensive disorder during pregnancy. Methods: In this study, different degrees of patients with hypertensive disorder during pregnancy who were admitted from August 2018 to August 2019 in our hospital were selected as the research subjects, and divided into groups according to the severity of the patients' conditions. The 120 patients were divided into gestational hypertension group, preeclampsia group and eclampsia group, with 40 cases each, and another 40 healthy pregnant women were selected. The detection of serum cortisol levels was carried out for the above 4 groups of pregnant women. Results: The serum cortisol level in the control group was (260.35 ± 10.96) nmol / L. The case number of neonatal asphyxia was 1 (2.50%), the case number of premature births was 1 (2.50%), the number of fetal growth restriction was 1 (2.50%), the number of deaths was 0, and the other three groups were higher than this. It showed as gestational hypertension <preeclampsia <eclampsia. The Apgar score of pregnant women in the control group was (9.13 ± 0.29), the ZL index was (1.07 ± 0.07), and the other three groups were lower than this. It showed as gestational hypertension> preeclampsia> eclampsia. There were significant differences between groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Early detection of serum cortisol levels in pregnant women is beneficial to timely improve the symptoms of gestational hypertension, thereby suppressing the effects of serum cortisol on perinatal infants and improving the prognosis of newborns.

scholarly journals Utility of the Immediate Postoperative Cortisol Concentrations in Patients With Cushing's Disease

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Sughrue ◽  
Jugal K. Shah ◽  
Jessica K. Devin ◽  
Sandeep Kunwar ◽  
Lewis S. Blevins
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Cumulative Rate ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract BACKGROUND Several investigators have recommended serial measurements of serum cortisol in the days following pituitary surgery to identify patients at risk of recurrence. OBJECTIVE We systematically reviewed the literature on this topic and analyzed the usefulness of this test in our own patient population. METHODS We identified studies publishing data regarding recurrence rates after transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing's disease, focusing on studies with data regarding patients with early postoperative cortisol levels. We determined a cumulative relative risk of having a subnormal vs normal cortisol level postoperatively using a fixed-effects meta-analysis model. Additionally, we analyzed our own patients with Cushing's disease undergoing transsphenoidal surgery and performed Kaplan-Meier analysis of recurrence-free survival for patients with undetectable, subnormal but detectable, and normal immediate 8 AM serum cortisol levels. RESULTS Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria. The length of follow-up varied between 32 and 115 months. The cumulative rate of recurrence in the group of patients with subnormal cortisol levels was 9% (95% confidence interval: 6%–12%). The cumulative rate of recurrence in the group with normal cortisol levels was 24% (95% confidence interval: 17%–31%). We analyzed 73 of our own patients and found similar recurrence rates in patients with subnormal vs normal early postoperative cortisol levels (4% vs 22%, χ2 test, P &lt; .05). CONCLUSION Although a subnormal early postoperative cortisol level is predictive of improved outcome after transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing's disease, it is not analogous with cure, nor is a normal level completely predictive of future failure.

scholarly journals Salivary Cortisol as a Biomarker of Stress in Mothers and their Low Birth Weight Infants and Sample Collecting Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Ranković Janevski ◽  
Ana Đorđević Vujičić ◽  
Svjetlana Maglajić Đukić
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The Difference

Summary Background: Salivary cortisol measurement is a non-invasive method suitable for use in neonatal research. Mother-infant separation after birth represents stress and skin-to-skin contact (SSC) has numerous benefits. The aim of the study was to measure salivary cortisol in mothers and newborns before and after SSC in order to assess the effect of SSC on mothers’ and infants’ stress and to estimate the efficacy of collecting small saliva samples in newborns. Methods: Salivary cortisol was measured in 35 mother-infant pairs before and after the first and the fifth SSC in small saliva samples (50 μL) using the high sensitivity Quantitative ELISA-Kit (0.0828 nmol/L) for low cortisol levels detection. Samples were collected with eye sponge during 3 to 5 minutes. Results: Cortisol level in mothers decreased after SSC: the highest levels were measured before and the lowest after SSC and the differences in values were significant during both the first (p<0.001) and the fifth SSC (p<0.001). During the first SSC the cortisol level decrease was detected in 14 (40%) and an increase in 21 (60%) newborns, and during the fifth SSC a decrease was detected in 16 (45.7%) and an increase in 19 (54.3%) newborns, without confirmed significance of the difference. Saliva sampling efficacy using eye sponge was 75%. Conclusions: Cortisol level decrease in mothers proves the stress reduction during SSC, while variable cortisol levels in infants do not indicate stress reduction and imply the need for further research. The used sampling method appeared to be one of the most optimal considering the sample volume, sampling time and efficacy.

scholarly journals A characterization of cortisol level and adrenal reservation in human cardiopulmonary arrest: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleh Sahebnasagh ◽  
Paria Soltani Nejad ◽  
Amin Salehi-Abargouei ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Dehghani ◽  
Fatemeh Saghafi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background Cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is an urgency, which is associated with high mortality. This systematic review evaluated the relationship between baseline cortisol level and the outcome of resuscitated CPA patients. Methods We searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Relevant observational and controlled trials were explored from inception by April 2020. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results Finally, five cohort studies (n = 201 participants in total) were eligible for including in the meta-analysis. The results of this meta-analysis showed that although the baseline serum cortisol levels were higher in survivors of cardiac arrest compared with non-survivors, the differences between groups do not reach a significance level (Hedges’ g = 0.371, 95% CI, −0.727, 1.469, P value = 0.508). Between-study heterogeneity was statistically significant (Cochrane Q test: P value < 0.001, I2 = 89.323). Conclusions The result of the present meta-analysis was suggestive of a higher baseline serum cortisol levels in survivors of CPA. Future randomized controlled studies with a large sample size will determine the exact relationship between adrenal reservation and the eventual outcome of patients with CPA. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42018085468

The Impact of High Cortisol Level in Increasing Incidence of Infection Cases Among Acute Stroke Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 3079-3084
Author(s):  
Indah Ari Handaayani ◽  
Muhammad Hamdan ◽  
Paulus Sugianto ◽  
Achmad Firdaus Sani ◽  
Mohammad Saiful Ardhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Serum Cortisol Level ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Infection in the stroke was a treatment major problem, because it determines the prognosis. In the acute phase of stroke, high level cortisol may lead to a decreased immune system and patients tend to be more susceptible to infection. The correlation of serum cortisol level among acute stroke patients with incidence of infection was not fully investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between initial serum cortisol levels and the incidence of infection in acute stroke patients. A prospective cohort study was conducted on 32 of acute stroke patients who admitted in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya during the period December 2015 to February 2016. Total of 2 cc to the venous blood within 48 hours in onset of stroke being examined of serum cortisol. During the 7 days of hospitalization, the patient was observed for signs of infection, both clinically and the investigation in accordance with the operational definition. In the infected group there were 8 people (50%) with high cortisol levels (p = 0.015; RR 15,000; 95% IK 1.583-143,171); 6 people were (50%) using urine catheter (p = 0.049; RR 6,667; 95% IK 1.067-30.085); And 6 people were (54.5%) using NGT (p = 0,035; RR 7,200; 95% IK 1.311-39,557). In multivariate analysis obtained that Odds Ratio (OR) 15,468 based on high cortisol and OR 7,469 based on NGT usage. High cortisol levels and the use of NGT had the effect on the incidence of infection in acute stroke.

scholarly journals Continuous Etomidate Infusion for the Management of Severe Cushing Syndrome: Validation of a Standard Protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ty B Carroll ◽  
William J Peppard ◽  
David J Herrmann ◽  
Bradley R Javorsky ◽  
Tracy S Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Cushing Syndrome ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Serum Cortisol Level ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Infusion Protocol

Abstract Objective Demonstrate the safety and efficacy of a standardized intravenous etomidate infusion protocol in normalizing cortisol levels in patients with severe and life-threatening hypercortisolism. Methods A retrospective case series of seven patients representing nine episodes of severe hypercortisolism at two large academic medical centers was conducted. Patients were included in this series if they received an etomidate infusion for the treatment of severe and life-threatening hypercortisolism. The etomidate infusion was administered via a newly developed protocol designed to safely reduce cortisol levels until more long-term medical or definitive surgical therapy could be instituted. Results Seven patients representing nine episodes received etomidate treatment. In eight of nine episodes of therapy, rapid control of hypercortisolemia was achieved, generally defined as a serum cortisol level of 10 to 20 µg/dL. Patients with a median baseline cortisol of 105 µg/dL (range, 32 to 245 µg/dL) achieved a median nadir serum cortisol of 15.8 µg/dL (range, 6.9 to 27 µg/dL) after a median of 38 hours (range, 26 to 134 hours). Conclusions A standardized continuous intravenous etomidate infusion protocol is a safe and effective means of achieving a serum cortisol level of 10 to 20 µg/dL in patients with severe hypercortisolemia.

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